TOLERÂNCIA DO FEIJÃO-CAUPI A DIFERENTES HERBICIDAS APLICADOS EM PÓS-EMERGÊNCIA

Um dos entraves à produção de feijão-caupi (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.) é a intensidade de infestações de plantas daninhas que podem interferir na sua produtividade. O uso de herbicidas é tido como a estratégia de controle mais eficiente, pelas respostas satisfatórias, rápidas e facilidade de aplicação. Porém, estes produtos podem não ser seletivos as plantas não alvo. O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a tolerância do feijão-caupi, cultivar BRS Guariba, aos herbicidas Linurom e Quizalofope-P-etílico, na fase inicial de desenvolvimento da cultura. O experimento foi conduzido em regime de sequeiro, sob condições de campo, em delineamento experimental com blocos ao acaso, nove tratamentos e quatro repetições. Os tratamentos avaliados foram: 50% de Quizalofope-P-etílico; 50% de Linurom; 100% de Quizalofope-P-etílico; 100% de Linurom; 50% de Quizalofope-P-etílico + 50% de Linurom; 50% de Quizalofope-P-etílico + 100% de Linurom; 100% de Quizalofope-P-etílico + 50% de Linurom; 100% de Quizalofope-P-etílico + 100% de Linurom e Capina manual (testemunha). Foram realizadas avaliações visuais de controle de plantas daninhas, fitotoxidez, altura de planta, número de folhas e diâmetro do caule. As plantas de feijão-caupi, cultivar BRS Guariba, apresentam elevada tolerância aos herbicidas Quizalofope-P-etílico e Linurom à 50% em aplicações pós-emergência. O herbicida Linurom à 100% e a formulação do Quizalofope-P-etílico + Linurom provocam danos severos ao desenvolvimento da cultura do feijão-caupi. A mistura entre os herbicidas à 100% de Quizalofope-P-etílico e 100% de Linurom potencializou o efeito dos herbicidas sobre a cultura da feijão-caupi, ocasionando a morte das plantas

Efeito de diferentes ambientes climáticos sobre características fisiológicas de bezerros mestiços (Holandês X Gir)

The aim of this work was to verify the adaptability of crossbred calves (Holstein x Gyr) created in the field and in the facilities in Bom Jesus, PI. Six crossbred calves (Holstein x Gyr) were distributed in two treatments: T1= Field and T2= Facilities, with three animals in each, with 32 repeated measurements over time, totaling 192 observations (6 animals x 32 repetitions per animal) during the experimental period. The physiological characteristics, such as respiratory rate (RR), heart rate (HR), rectal temperature (RT), and the sweating rate (SR) were recorded. The meteorological variables were: air temperature (AT), relative humidity (RH), globe temperature index and humidity (BGT1 and BGT2), where BGT1 was inside the facilities and BGT2 in the open field. All weather variables showed significant differences (p<0.05) between shifts (morning and afternoon). It was found that RT and SR showed no significant difference (p>0.05). The RR was higher (p<0.05) for T1, with an average of 55.88 mov/min. There was a significant difference (p<0.05) between treatments for HR, with averages of 92.19 and 86.25 bat/min. for T1 and T2, respectively. According to the results it can be stated that the facilities for calves positively influenced the performance of heat loss, giving values closer to the comfort zone.Objetivou-se neste trabalho verificar a adaptabilidade de bezerros mestiços (Holandês x Gir) criados a campo e nas instalações, em Bom Jesus, PI. Foram utilizados seis bezerros mestiços (Holandês x Gir) distribuídos em dois tratamentos: T1= Campo e T2= Instalações, com três animais em cada um, e mensurou-se 32 medidas repetidas no tempo, totalizando 192 observações (6 animais x 32 repetições por animal) durante o período experimental. Nos animais foram registradas as características fisiológicas como: a frequência respiratória (FR), frequência cardíaca (FC), temperatura retal (TR) e a taxa de sudação (TS). As variáveis meteorológicas foram: Temperatura do Ar (TA), Umidade Relativa do Ar (UR), Índice de Temperatura de Globo e Umidade (ITGU1 e ITGU2), onde ITGU1 estava dentro das instalações e o ITGU2 no campo aberto. Todas as variáveis meteorológicas apresentaram diferença significativa (p<0,05) entre os turnos (manhã e tarde). Verificou-se que TR e TS não apresentaram diferença significativa (p>0,05). A FR foi maior (p<0,05) para T1, apresentando média de 55,88 mov/min. Houve diferença significativa (p<0,05) entre os tratamentos para a FC, com médias de 92,19 e 86,25 bat/min. para os T1 e T2, respectivamente. De acordo com os resultados obtidos pode-se afirmar que as instalações para bezerros influenciaram positivamente no desempenho da perda de calor, conferindo valores mais próximos da zona de conforto

Otoliths-composed gelatin/sodium alginate scaffolds for bone regeneration

Evidence that otoliths, mineral-rich limestone concrescences present in the inner ear of bone fishes, can accelerate bone formation in vivo has been previously reported. The goal of this work was the development, characterization, and evaluation of the cytocompatibility of otoliths-incorporated sodium alginate and gelatin scaffolds. Cynoscion acoupaderived otoliths were characterized by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (FRX), particle size, free lime, and weight loss by calcination. Furthermore, otoliths were incorporated into sodium alginate (ALG/OTL-s) or gelatin (GEL/OTL-s) scaffolds, previously developed by freeze-drying. Then, the scaffolds were characterized by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA/DTG), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), infrared spectroscopy with Fourier transform (FTIR), swelling tests, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Cytotoxicity assays were run against J774.G8 macrophages and MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts. Data obtained from TGA/DTG, DSC, and FTIR analyses confirmed the interaction between otoliths and the polymeric scaffolds. SEM showed the homogeneous porous 3D structure rich in otolith micro-fragments in both scaffolds. Swelling of the GEL/OTL-s (63.54±3.0%) was greater than of ALG/OTL-s (13.36±9.9%) (p0.05) and significantly higher than that treated with Triton-X (p0.05). However, by 48 h, only ALG/OTL-s showed growth similar to control (p>0.05), whereas GEL/OTL showed a significantly lower growth index (p<0.05). In conclusion, the physicochemical profiles suggest proper interaction between the otoliths and the two developed polymeric 3D scaffolds. Moreover, both materials showed cytocompatibility with J774.G8 macrophages but the growth of MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts was higher when exposed to ALG/OTL-s. These data suggest that sodium alginate/otoliths scaffolds are potential biomaterials to be used in bone regeneration applications.We would like to thank the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) and the Foundation for Research and Technological Innovation Support of the State of Sergipe for the financial support in this study. EMBS acknowledges the sponsorship of the projects M-ERA-NET-0004/2015-PAIRED and UIDB/04469/2020 (strategic fund), received support from the Portuguese Science and Technology Foundation, Ministry of Science and Education (FCT/MEC) through national funds, and was co-financed by FEDER, under the Partnership Agreement PT2020.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

COVID-19 outcomes in people living with HIV: Peering through the waves

Objective: To evaluate clinical characteristics and outcomes of COVID-19 patients infected with HIV, and to compare with a paired sample without HIV infection. Methods: This is a substudy of a Brazilian multicentric cohort that comprised two periods (2020 and 2021). Data was obtained through the retrospective review of medical records. Primary outcomes were admission to the intensive care unit, invasive mechanical ventilation, and death. Patients with HIV and controls were matched for age, sex, number of comorbidities, and hospital of origin using the technique of propensity score matching (up to&nbsp;4:1). They were compared using the Chi-Square or Fisher's Exact tests for categorical variables and the Wilcoxon for numerical variables. Results: Throughout the study, 17,101&nbsp;COVID-19 patients were hospitalized, and 130&nbsp;(0.76%) of those were infected with HIV. The median age was&nbsp;54&nbsp;(IQR:&nbsp;43.0;64.0) years in&nbsp;2020 and 53&nbsp;(IQR:&nbsp;46.0;63.5) years in&nbsp;2021, with a predominance of females in both periods. People Living with HIV (PLHIV) and their controls showed similar prevalence for admission to the ICU and invasive mechanical ventilation requirement in the two periods, with no significant differences. In&nbsp;2020, in-hospital mortality was higher in the PLHIV compared to the controls (27.9%&nbsp;vs.&nbsp;17.7%; p&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.049), but there was no difference in mortality between groups in&nbsp;2021 (25.0%&nbsp;vs.&nbsp;25.1%; p &gt; 0.999). Conclusions: Our results reiterate that PLHIV were at higher risk of COVID-19 mortality in the early stages of the pandemic, however, this finding did not sustain in&nbsp;2021, when the mortality rate is similar to the control group

Validação de limpeza de equipamentos multipropósitos da linha de manipulação de comprimidos por granulação úmida: caso da furosemida

Como parte integrante do conjunto de normas das boas práticas de fabricação de medicamentos, a validação de limpeza visa demonstrar a garantia da remoção de resíduos de produtos recém-fabricados, evitando a contaminação cruzada. Neste trabalho, apresenta-se uma estratégia para validação de limpeza de formas farmacêuticas sólidas, manipuladas por granulação úmida. Para tanto, foi escolhido a furosemida, um fármaco de ação diurética, apresentado na forma de comprimidos e produzido pelo Lafepe® (Recife-PE, Brasil). Para análise dos resíduos do fármaco, a coleta das amostras foi realizada por swab e os métodos de quantificação utilizados foram por espectrofotometria e por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência, este último foi desenvolvido e validado pelo Lafepe®. Na detecção de resíduos de produtos de limpeza, a amostragem foi realizada por água de enxágüe, analisando o pH e a condutividade. O limite de aceitação da limpeza do princípio ativo foi de 8,26 µg mL-1 de furosemida no produto subseqüente e do detergente nos equipamentos foi de 10 ppm. Por conseguinte, observou-se que os resíduos dos contaminantes encontrados nos equipamentos após a limpeza foram inferiores aos limites de aceitação admitidos, o que assevera a eficácia e segurança da limpeza realizada na empresa

Modelo experimental estável de aneurisma sacular em artéria carótida de suínos utilizando veia jugular interna Stable experimental model of carotid artery saccular aneurysm in swine using the internal jugular vein

OBJETIVO: Desenvolver um modelo experimental estável de aneurisma sacular em carótida de suínos utilizando veia jugular interna. MÉTODOS: Em 12 suínos sadios, com peso variando entre 25 e 50kg, cinco machos e sete fêmeas, foi confeccionado aneurisma na artéria carótida comum direita. Após arteriotomia elíptica, foi realizada anastomose terminolateral com coto distal de veia jugular interna. O volume do aneurisma era calculado de maneira que o valor não excedesse em 27 vezes o valor da área da arteriotomia. Após seis dias, era realizada angiografia e análise microscópica do aneurisma para avaliar perviedade e trombose parcial ou total. RESULTADOS: Houve ganho de peso significante dos suínos no intervalo de tempo entre a confecção do aneurisma e a angiografia (p = 0,04). Foi observada perviedade aneurismática em dez suínos (83%). Ocorreram infecções de feridas operatórias em dois animais (16,6%), ambas com início de aparecimento em três dias após a confecção do aneurisma. Análise histológica dos aneurismas mostrou trombos ocluindo parcialmente a luz em nove suínos (75%). Nesses animais, observou-se que, em média, 9% da luz aneurismática estava preenchida por trombos. CONCLUSÃO: Pôde ser desenvolvido um modelo experimental estável de aneurisma sacular em carótida de suínos utilizando veia jugular interna.<br>OBJECTIVE: To develop an experimental model of stable saccular aneurysm in carotid of pigs using the internal jugular vein. METHODS: In 12 healthy pigs, weighing between 25 and 50kg, five males and seven females, we made a right common carotid artery aneurysm. After elliptical arteriotomy, we carried out a terminolateral anastomosis with the distal stump of the internal jugular vein. Aneurysm volume was calculated so that the value did not exceed 27 times the area of the arteriotomy. After six days angiography and microscopic examination were performed to assess patency of the aneurysm and the presence of total or partial thrombosis. RESULTS: There was a significant weight gain of pigs in the time interval between the manufacture of the aneurysm and angiography (p = 0.04). Aneurysmal patency was observed in ten pigs (83%). Operative wound infections occurred in two animals (16.6%), both with early onset, three days after the making of the aneurysm. Histological analysis showed aneurysm thrombus partially occluding the light in nine pigs (75%). In these animals, it was observed that on average 9% of the aneurysmal diameter was filled with thrombi. CONCLUSION: It was possible to develop a stable experimental model of saccular aneurysms in pig carotid artery by use of the internal jugular vein

Extraction and Characterization of &beta;-Viginin Protein Hydrolysates from Cowpea Flour as a New Manufacturing Active Ingredient

The increased mortality rates associated with antibiotic resistance has become a significant public health problem worldwide. Living beings produce a variety of endogenous compounds to defend themselves against exogenous pathogens. The knowledge of these endogenous compounds may contribute to the development of improved bioactive ingredients with antimicrobial properties, useful against conventional antibiotic resistance. Cowpea is an herbaceous legume of great interest due to its high protein content and high productivity rates. The study of genetic homology of vicillin (7S) from cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) with vicilins from soybean and other beans, such as adzuki, in addition to the need for further studies about potential biological activities of this vegetable, led us to seek the isolation of the vicilin fraction from cowpea and to evaluate the potential in vitro inhibitory action of pathogenic microorganisms. The cowpea beta viginin protein was isolated, characterized, and hydrolyzed in silico and in vitro by two enzymes, namely, pepsin and chymotrypsin. The antimicrobial activity of the protein hydrolysate fractions of cowpea flour was evaluated against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, confirming the potential use of the peptides as innovative antimicrobial agents