Evaluation of normal tibial tubercle to trochlear groove distance in adult Turkish population

WOS: 000450148600003PubMed ID: 30417836Purpose: Many studies have confirmed the significance of tibial tuberosity-trochlear groove (TTTG) distance measurement for the preoperative assessment of tibial tubercle osteotomy and refixation of the patients that need surgery. TTTG distance is being used as threshold value for surgery decision. The purpose is to determine the TTTG values for the adult Turkish population and compare this with the values of other studies and establish a possible index. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted on 200 patients (97 female, 103 male) aged between 18 and 65 years, retrospectively, who had magnetic resonance imaging at Istanbul Medipol Mega University Hospital Radiology Department. Individuals with no knee surgical history and deformation included to research group, any deformities related with knee were excluded. The scans were analyzed in Picture Archiving Communication System program and compared with other populations. Significance was evaluated with independent Student's t-test. Results: The mean TTTG distance was found 10.07 +/- 1.60 mm in males, 9.96 +/- 1.41 mm in females, and 10.02 +/- 1.51 mm for total cases. There was no statistically significant difference between sex (P > 0.05). However, overall TTTG distance of right and left knees found significantly different (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Obtained results are similar with the results of Caucasian population but different than Asian. It is believed that these results will be significant in evaluation of patellofemoral disorders and helpful in treatment

Morphometry of the gallbladder during the fetal period

Abstract Purpose In this study, our objective was to investigate the development of the gallbladder, its morphological structure and relationship with the adjacent organs during the fetal period. Materials and methods A total of 118 human fetuses (60 males, 58 females) between 9 and 40 weeks of gestation without any external anomaly or pathology were included. They were divided into four groups according the gestational age: I (9-12 weeks), II (13-25 weeks), III (26-37 weeks) and IV (term, 38-40 weeks). The location of gallbladder on the visceral surface of liver has been identified. The gallbladders have been classified into four different types. Width and length of the gallbladder were measured and the relationship between fundus of gallbladder and inferior margin of the liver was noted. Findings The gallbladder was located on the visceral surface of liver in all cases during the fetal period. There were no differences between males and females by means of length and width. There was a statistically significant relationship between the size of gallbladder and the gestational age (P \ 0.001). There was also a significant difference in the distribution of gallbladder types among the groups during the fetal period. The fundus of gallbladder was under the transverse plane passing from the part of inferior margin of the liver near the gallbladder in 14% of the cases. Results We concluded that there could be different types of gallbladders during the fetal period. We believe that the data collected in our study may contribute to the evaluation of the gallbladder development during the intrauterine period

A Rarely Seen Complication After Strabismus Surgery: Forgotten Foreign Body

A 21-year-old male patient operated for esotropia 10 months ago presented to our clinic with the complaint of swelling and stinging on the right upper eyelid. Physical examination revealed a yellowish foreign body (cellulose sponge) at the lateral fornix, which induced localized papillary reaction on eyelid conjunctiva and vascularization on bulbar conjunctiva. The foreign body was removed and medical treatment was initiated. Foreign body surrounded with giant cells was reported on histopathologic examination. Although cellulose sponge is not routinely used in strabismus surgery, it may be used especially in some hemorrhagic cases. It is important to control the field and to remove all materials from the eye at the end of the surgery. (Turk J Ophthalmol 2014; 44: 78-9

The magnetic resonance imaging evaluation of morphometry of the distal femur and proximal tibia on adult anatolian population

Introduction: It is widely known that the production of knee prostheses is based on the morphometric parameters of the distal femur and proximal tibia. Although there have been studies on this subject in different populations in the literature, such a study has not been found in the Turkish population. It is aimed to establish an index and also compare it with previous results of different populations, in this study. Material and Methods: This study was conducted on 200 patients (78 females, 122 males) aged between 18 and 65 years who had magnetic resonance imaging retrospectively. People with previous fractures, dislocations or ruptures, tears, or tensions in the anterior cruciate ligament, history of knee surgery, and trauma were excluded from the study. Various measurements were conducted on images of the distal femur and proximal tibia morphometry. Results: Mean values of the measurements made on the distal femur and proximal tibia were calculated, it was determined that all parameters were higher in males than females. A statistically significant difference was found between the sexes in all the parameters evaluated except for the intercondylar notch height parameter (P 0.05). Discussion and Conclusion: In this study, finally, intercondylar notch classification was done. According to this, in 46.5% of cases, notch type, which defined as type A and 53.5% of the notches were identified as U type. None of the cases was classified as W type. Studies in which normal morphometric data are presented due to differences in races between skeletal structures have crucial importance. Therefore, the data obtained from our study are thought to be useful to produce specific knee prostheses

Morphometric development of the mandible in fetal cadavers

Purpose: The aim of this study is to present reliable data by measuring the morphometric properties of the mandible in the fetal period. Methods: A study was performed on mandibles of 35 fetuses (18 male fetuses and 17 female fetuses), aged between 21 and 40 weeks of gestation. Fetuses were examined in 3 groups according to their developmental stages: 2nd trimester, 3rd trimester, and full-term. Morphometric measurements were performed for both the right and left sides of each mandible. The measurements of the mental foramen were performed using a digital caliper, and other measurements were performed using the ImageJ program. The data obtained were analyzed using the SPSS 20 for Windows program. Results: There was no significant gender difference for all parameters. When the parameters were compared by the trimesters, no significant difference was determined in the 2nd trimester - 3rd trimester, 3rd trimester-full-term, and second trimester - full-term comparisons of the angle of the mandible, and there was a significant difference in all other parameters (P < 0.05). According to the trimesters, all parameters, except the angle of the mandible, increased naturally with the development of the mandible. It was observed that the angle of the mandible decreased from the 2nd trimester to the 3rd trimester and increased from the 3rd trimester to the full term. When the right and left measurements were compared, no significant difference was found for all parameters in both general and trimester groups. Conclusion: The present study includes fetal mandibular parameters that have not been reported elsewhere. It is thought that the obtained data will contribute to the determination of anomalies, pathologies, and variations

Examination of basic motor skills in children and adolescents

Aim of the study: The aim of this study was the investigation of basic motor skills in 5–14-year-old boys and girls.Materials and Methods: A total of 842 primary school children, 421 boys and 421 girls, participated in the study. 13.3% of the participants were 5–6 years old, 29.5% were 7–8 years old, 21.5% were 9–10 years old, 16.4% were 11–12, and 19.4% were 13–14 years old. The balance skills of the participants were measured with the (Körperkoordinationstest für Kinder) KTK test.Findings: When the classification of children according to KTK defining classes is examined, 40.7% are very good. When the children’s KTK Backward Balancing scores were examined, a statistically significant difference was found between gender and age groups (p &lt; 0.05). Girls between the ages of 5–6 and 7–8 years had a higher score for KTK backward balance. KTK Total scores were examined according to the Body Mass Index groups, when the total scores of KTK were compared, the lowest scores were in the obese group.Conclusion: According to the study results, age is an essential factor for balance skills. As the age increased, the overall scores of the KTK increased. It was determined that girls’ KTK backward balancing scores were higher than boys. According to BMI results, the balance performances of obese children were found to be lower than the other groups. This difference can be explained by the negative effect of obesity in this age group. According to these results, it may be recommended to observe and improve the balance performances of obese children