Organic Acid and DNA Sensing with Electrochemical Sensor Based on Carbon Black and Pillar[5]arene

© 2016 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, WeinheimElectrochemical sensor has been proposed on the base of glassy carbon electrode (GCE) modified with carbon black (CB) and pillar[5]arene (P[5]A). The characteristics of the peak currents were found to be sensitive to the incubation of the sensor in organic acid and DNA solution. The detection of n×(10−8–10−5) M of organic acid and down to (1–5)×10−18 g of DNA was attributed to the effect of the analytes on the aggregation and relative stability of oxidized and reduced forms of P[5]A. No signal interference with the alkali and alkali-earth metal ions was found. The electrochemical sensor was tested in the detection of specific DNA interactions, i.e. reactive oxygen species damage and intercalating pharmaceuticals detection

Electrochemical behavior of pillar[5]arene on glassy carbon electrode and its interaction with Cu2+ and Ag+ ions

© 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. The electrochemical behavior of pillar[5]arene (P[5]A) and of its reaction products with Ag+ and Cu2+ ions has been investigated using cyclic voltammetry, optical methods and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Stepwise oxidation of hydroquinone units of P[5]A molecule is guided by self-assembling and acid-base interactions. From one to three hydroquinone units per P[5]A molecule are oxidized depending on the measurement conditions. The deposition of P[5]A on glassy carbon electrode (GCE) partially blocks the electron transduction. Interfering influence of dissolved oxygen can be partially eliminated by the use of carbon black as immobilization matrix. The reaction of P[5]A with silver ions results in formation of most stable form with three benzoquinone and two hydroquinone units stabilized by quinhydrone-like structure. The Ag nanoparticles formed in the reaction retain electron transduction with the electrode due to involvement of shielding P[5]A molecules. Similar reaction with Cu2+ ions does not lead to stable products because of the formation of Cu2O particles detected by UV spectroscopy and TEM. Possible analytical applications of the materials obtained were proved by electrocatalytic reduction of hydrogen peroxide and mediated oxidation of thiocholine as model systems. In both cases, high sensitivity and wide range of the concentration determined were shown

К ВОПРОСУ ОБ ИШЕМИИ СТВОЛА МОЗГА И ХРОНИЗАЦИИ ЛЮМБОИШИАЛГИИ

We analyzed 60 patients aged from 30 up to 75 years with any of low-lumbar herniated intervertebral disks. Pain intensity was compared with the concomitant presence of chronic circulatory failure in the vertebral-basilar basin as a result of clinically significant abnormalities of blood vessels in the form of hypoplasia of vertebral artery and its tortuosity. We investigated dynamics of patient's pain under the influence of low-dose treatment by Cortexin (neurocytoprotector). In patients with chronic brainstem ischemia the herniated discs cause more intense and prolonged pain (radicular and local). More effective in these patients is a treatment with inclusion of Cortexin 20 mg intramuscularly within 10 days.Анализируется 60 больных в возрасте от 30 до 75 лет с грыжами одного из нижнепоясничных межпозвонковых дисков. Оценивается интенсивность болевого синдрома в сопоставлении с сопутствующим наличием хронической недостаточности кровообращения в вертебрально-базилярном бассейне вследствие клинически значимой аномалии сосудов в виде гипоплазии позвоночной артерии или ее извитости. Изучена также динамика боли у этих пациентов под влиянием лечения низкодозированным нейроцитопротектором кортексином. У пациентов с хронической ишемией ствола мозга грыжи дисков вызывают более интенсивную и продолжительную боль (корешковую и локальную). Эффективным у таких пациентов является лечебный комплекс с включением кортексина по 20 мг внутримышечно в течение 10 дней

Atrasentan and renal events in patients with type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease (SONAR): a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial

Background: Short-term treatment for people with type 2 diabetes using a low dose of the selective endothelin A receptor antagonist atrasentan reduces albuminuria without causing significant sodium retention. We report the long-term effects of treatment with atrasentan on major renal outcomes. Methods: We did this double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial at 689 sites in 41 countries. We enrolled adults aged 18–85 years with type 2 diabetes, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR)25–75 mL/min per 1·73 m 2 of body surface area, and a urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR)of 300–5000 mg/g who had received maximum labelled or tolerated renin–angiotensin system inhibition for at least 4 weeks. Participants were given atrasentan 0·75 mg orally daily during an enrichment period before random group assignment. Those with a UACR decrease of at least 30% with no substantial fluid retention during the enrichment period (responders)were included in the double-blind treatment period. Responders were randomly assigned to receive either atrasentan 0·75 mg orally daily or placebo. All patients and investigators were masked to treatment assignment. The primary endpoint was a composite of doubling of serum creatinine (sustained for ≥30 days)or end-stage kidney disease (eGFR <15 mL/min per 1·73 m 2 sustained for ≥90 days, chronic dialysis for ≥90 days, kidney transplantation, or death from kidney failure)in the intention-to-treat population of all responders. Safety was assessed in all patients who received at least one dose of their assigned study treatment. The study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT01858532. Findings: Between May 17, 2013, and July 13, 2017, 11 087 patients were screened; 5117 entered the enrichment period, and 4711 completed the enrichment period. Of these, 2648 patients were responders and were randomly assigned to the atrasentan group (n=1325)or placebo group (n=1323). Median follow-up was 2·2 years (IQR 1·4–2·9). 79 (6·0%)of 1325 patients in the atrasentan group and 105 (7·9%)of 1323 in the placebo group had a primary composite renal endpoint event (hazard ratio [HR]0·65 [95% CI 0·49–0·88]; p=0·0047). Fluid retention and anaemia adverse events, which have been previously attributed to endothelin receptor antagonists, were more frequent in the atrasentan group than in the placebo group. Hospital admission for heart failure occurred in 47 (3·5%)of 1325 patients in the atrasentan group and 34 (2·6%)of 1323 patients in the placebo group (HR 1·33 [95% CI 0·85–2·07]; p=0·208). 58 (4·4%)patients in the atrasentan group and 52 (3·9%)in the placebo group died (HR 1·09 [95% CI 0·75–1·59]; p=0·65). Interpretation: Atrasentan reduced the risk of renal events in patients with diabetes and chronic kidney disease who were selected to optimise efficacy and safety. These data support a potential role for selective endothelin receptor antagonists in protecting renal function in patients with type 2 diabetes at high risk of developing end-stage kidney disease. Funding: AbbVie

Organic Acid and DNA Sensing with Electrochemical Sensor Based on Carbon Black and Pillar[5]arene

© 2016 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, WeinheimElectrochemical sensor has been proposed on the base of glassy carbon electrode (GCE) modified with carbon black (CB) and pillar[5]arene (P[5]A). The characteristics of the peak currents were found to be sensitive to the incubation of the sensor in organic acid and DNA solution. The detection of n×(10−8–10−5) M of organic acid and down to (1–5)×10−18 g of DNA was attributed to the effect of the analytes on the aggregation and relative stability of oxidized and reduced forms of P[5]A. No signal interference with the alkali and alkali-earth metal ions was found. The electrochemical sensor was tested in the detection of specific DNA interactions, i.e. reactive oxygen species damage and intercalating pharmaceuticals detection

Organic Acid and DNA Sensing with Electrochemical Sensor Based on Carbon Black and Pillar[5]arene

© 2016 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, WeinheimElectrochemical sensor has been proposed on the base of glassy carbon electrode (GCE) modified with carbon black (CB) and pillar[5]arene (P[5]A). The characteristics of the peak currents were found to be sensitive to the incubation of the sensor in organic acid and DNA solution. The detection of n×(10−8–10−5) M of organic acid and down to (1–5)×10−18 g of DNA was attributed to the effect of the analytes on the aggregation and relative stability of oxidized and reduced forms of P[5]A. No signal interference with the alkali and alkali-earth metal ions was found. The electrochemical sensor was tested in the detection of specific DNA interactions, i.e. reactive oxygen species damage and intercalating pharmaceuticals detection

Organic Acid and DNA Sensing with Electrochemical Sensor Based on Carbon Black and Pillar[5]arene

© 2016 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, WeinheimElectrochemical sensor has been proposed on the base of glassy carbon electrode (GCE) modified with carbon black (CB) and pillar[5]arene (P[5]A). The characteristics of the peak currents were found to be sensitive to the incubation of the sensor in organic acid and DNA solution. The detection of n×(10−8–10−5) M of organic acid and down to (1–5)×10−18 g of DNA was attributed to the effect of the analytes on the aggregation and relative stability of oxidized and reduced forms of P[5]A. No signal interference with the alkali and alkali-earth metal ions was found. The electrochemical sensor was tested in the detection of specific DNA interactions, i.e. reactive oxygen species damage and intercalating pharmaceuticals detection

DNA-polylactide modified biosensor for electrochemical determination of the DNA-drugs and aptamer-aflatoxin M1 interactions

© 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. DNA sensors were assembled by consecutive deposition of thiacalix[4]arenes bearing oligolactic fragments, poly(ethylene imine), and DNA onto the glassy carbon electrode. The assembling of the layers was monitored with scanning electron microscopy, cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The configuration of the thiacalix[4]arene core determined self-assembling of the polymeric species to the nano/micro particles with a size of 70–350 nm. Depending on the granulation, the coatings show the accumulation of a variety of DNA quantities, charges, and internal pore volumes. These parameters were used to optimize the DNA sensors based on these coatings. Thus, doxorubicin was determined to have limits of detection of 0.01 nM (cone configuration), 0.05 nM (partial cone configuration), and 0.10 nM (1,3-alternate configuration of the macrocycle core). Substitution of native DNA with aptamer specific to aflatoxin M1 resulted in the detection of the toxin in the range of 20 to 200 ng/L (limit of detection 5 ng/L). The aptasensor was tested in spiked milk samples and showed a recovery of 80 and 85% for 20 and 50 ng/L of the aflatoxin M1, respectively

DNA-polylactide modified biosensor for electrochemical determination of the DNA-drugs and aptamer-aflatoxin M1 interactions

© 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. DNA sensors were assembled by consecutive deposition of thiacalix[4]arenes bearing oligolactic fragments, poly(ethylene imine), and DNA onto the glassy carbon electrode. The assembling of the layers was monitored with scanning electron microscopy, cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The configuration of the thiacalix[4]arene core determined self-assembling of the polymeric species to the nano/micro particles with a size of 70–350 nm. Depending on the granulation, the coatings show the accumulation of a variety of DNA quantities, charges, and internal pore volumes. These parameters were used to optimize the DNA sensors based on these coatings. Thus, doxorubicin was determined to have limits of detection of 0.01 nM (cone configuration), 0.05 nM (partial cone configuration), and 0.10 nM (1,3-alternate configuration of the macrocycle core). Substitution of native DNA with aptamer specific to aflatoxin M1 resulted in the detection of the toxin in the range of 20 to 200 ng/L (limit of detection 5 ng/L). The aptasensor was tested in spiked milk samples and showed a recovery of 80 and 85% for 20 and 50 ng/L of the aflatoxin M1, respectively

The analisys of heat pumps using during the epuration process

The evaluation of application of steam recompression for epuration column heating was carried out in the work. Researches on epuration process were carried out on an industrial brew rectification apparatus of Veselolopansky distillery. During the experiment, column apparatus operating parameters interrelations with the heat pump energy characteristics were analyzed, variants for epuration column operation with a heat pump with different vapor pressure entering the compressor by varying the compression pressure were examined. The experiments carried out allowed to determine the optimum vapor pressure of compression, providing the column operation without the heating steam supply. At a slight overpressure of vapor the optimal compression ratio is 3.4–3.7 kPa, the pressure after the compressor is 352–376 kPa; in the bottom part of column at the atmospheric pressure the optimal compression pressure is 303–325 kPa, the compression ratio is 4.0–4.4. For the low-pressure-regime use the optimum pressure is 252–275 kPa, the degree of compression-stump is 4.9–5.5. Thermodynamic analysis modes of epuration showed that epuration column working with a heat pump has the highest exergy efficiency (32.6%). Use of heat pump saves 1.03–1.15 kg of steam at the rate of 1 liter of ethanol, introduced in the column with supply. Heat pumps can be used to reduce the energy intensity of BRA in obtaining high-quality rectified alcohol