El Eco de Santiago : diario independiente: Año XIX Número 6591 - 1914 Mayo 22

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Condutância foliar e potencial hídrico de mudas de erva mate (Ilex Paraguariensis) inoculadas com fungos micorrízico-arbusculares

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Relações hídricas de mudas de erva-mate (Ilex paraguariensis) inoculadas com micorrízico-arbusculares

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Condutância foliar e potencial hídrico de mudas de erva mate (Ilex Paraguariensis) inoculadas com fungos micorrízico-arbusculares

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Relações hídricas de mudas de erva-mate (Ilex paraguariensis) inoculadas com micorrízico-arbusculares

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Biodiversidade de fungos micorrízico-arbusculares em vegetação de campo e mata na floresta nacional de São Francisco de Paula, RS

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Ocorrência de fungos micorrízicos arbusculares em dois ervais de RS sob diferentes condições

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Germinação de sementes de Asteraceae nativas do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil

( Germinação de sementes de Asteraceae nativas no Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil) Aquênios (sementes) recém coletados, de treze espécies nativas de Asteraceae comuns nos ambientes abertos da região sul do Brasil foram testados quanto à germinação em temperaturas alternadas ( 20/10; 25/15; 30/20; 35/25ºC) e sob temperaturas constantes ( 20; 25 e 30ºC) com ou sem luz. A temperatura ótima para germinação varia entre as espécies, sendo que as espécies Elephantopus mobilis; Eupatorium laevigatum; Mikania cordifolia; Senecio oxyphyllus; Trixis prastens germinam de forma semelhante em todas temperaturas testadas. Eclipta alba tem sua germinação promovida a 30ºC. Tagetes minuta tem a germinação das sementes promovida a 20ºC. Em Senecio heterotrichius; S. selloi; Stenachaenium campestre; Symphyopappus casarettoi e Vernonia nudiflora as sementes germinam igualmente a 20 ou 25ºC.. A luz promoveu a germinação de todas espécies exceto para Stenachaenium campestre e Tagetes minuta, sendo esta última espécie fotoblástica negativa. Quanto ao tempo médio de germinação, as espécies podem ser divididas em ; rápidas- menos de 5 dias (Baccharis trimera; Eclipta alba; Elephantopus mollis; Stenachaenium campestre e Vernonia nudiflora); intermediárias: entre 5 e 10 dias ( Eupatorium laevigatum; Mikania cordifolia e Tagetes minuta) ; lentas: mais de 10 dias (Senecio heterotrichius; S.oxyphyllus; S.selloi; Symphyopappus casarettoi e Trixis praestans).Os resultados mostram que a germinação de sementes de Asteraceas variam com a temperatura e o regime de luz; podendo prover uma base inicial para interpretação de efeitos sazonais sobre a germinação e estabelecimento a campo. Em adição, comentários sobre o substrato ágar ou areia são feitos.(Germination of seeds of Asteraceae natives of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil). Achenes of thirteen native Asteraceae species common to the natural grassland or weeds of the southern region of Brazil were tested for germination over a range of alternating temperatures ( 20/10; 25/15; 30/20 and 35/25ºC), and under constant temperatures ( 20; 25 and 30ºC) with light or not .Only fresh collected achenes (herein = seeds) were used. The optimum temperature for germination differed among the species, with Elephantopus mobillis; Eupatorium laevigatum; Mikania cordifolia; Senecio oxyphyllus; Trixis praestans germinating the most over all temperatures tested. Eclipta alba seeds germination was promoted at 30ºC. Colder treatments promoted germination in Tagetes minuta , and in Senecio heterotrichius; S.selloi; Stenachaenium campestre; Symphyopappus casarettoi and Vernonia nudiflora germination was equivalent at 20 or 25ºC. Light promoted germination for all species except in Stenachaenium campestre and Tagetes minuta, the latter being a negative photoblastic species. According to the mean time for germination, the species could be ranked in: fast -less than 5 days- (Baccharis trimera; Eclipta alba; Elephantopus mollis; Stenachaenium campestre and Vernonia nudiflora); intermediate: between 5 and 10 days- (Eupatorium laevigatum; Mikania cordifolia and Tagetes minuta) ; slow: more than 10 days-(Senecio heterotrichius; S.oxyphyllus; S.selloi; Symphyopappus casarettoi; Trixis praestans). The results show that germination of seeds of a range of Asteraceae species varies with temperature and light regime; they provide an initial basis on which to test and interpret the effects of seasonal factors on germination and field establishment. In addition, comments on the agar and sand substrates were made

Germinação de sementes de Asteraceae nativas do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil

( Germinação de sementes de Asteraceae nativas no Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil) Aquênios (sementes) recém coletados, de treze espécies nativas de Asteraceae comuns nos ambientes abertos da região sul do Brasil foram testados quanto à germinação em temperaturas alternadas ( 20/10; 25/15; 30/20; 35/25ºC) e sob temperaturas constantes ( 20; 25 e 30ºC) com ou sem luz. A temperatura ótima para germinação varia entre as espécies, sendo que as espécies Elephantopus mobilis; Eupatorium laevigatum; Mikania cordifolia; Senecio oxyphyllus; Trixis prastens germinam de forma semelhante em todas temperaturas testadas. Eclipta alba tem sua germinação promovida a 30ºC. Tagetes minuta tem a germinação das sementes promovida a 20ºC. Em Senecio heterotrichius; S. selloi; Stenachaenium campestre; Symphyopappus casarettoi e Vernonia nudiflora as sementes germinam igualmente a 20 ou 25ºC.. A luz promoveu a germinação de todas espécies exceto para Stenachaenium campestre e Tagetes minuta, sendo esta última espécie fotoblástica negativa. Quanto ao tempo médio de germinação, as espécies podem ser divididas em ; rápidas- menos de 5 dias (Baccharis trimera; Eclipta alba; Elephantopus mollis; Stenachaenium campestre e Vernonia nudiflora); intermediárias: entre 5 e 10 dias ( Eupatorium laevigatum; Mikania cordifolia e Tagetes minuta) ; lentas: mais de 10 dias (Senecio heterotrichius; S.oxyphyllus; S.selloi; Symphyopappus casarettoi e Trixis praestans).Os resultados mostram que a germinação de sementes de Asteraceas variam com a temperatura e o regime de luz; podendo prover uma base inicial para interpretação de efeitos sazonais sobre a germinação e estabelecimento a campo. Em adição, comentários sobre o substrato ágar ou areia são feitos.(Germination of seeds of Asteraceae natives of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil). Achenes of thirteen native Asteraceae species common to the natural grassland or weeds of the southern region of Brazil were tested for germination over a range of alternating temperatures ( 20/10; 25/15; 30/20 and 35/25ºC), and under constant temperatures ( 20; 25 and 30ºC) with light or not .Only fresh collected achenes (herein = seeds) were used. The optimum temperature for germination differed among the species, with Elephantopus mobillis; Eupatorium laevigatum; Mikania cordifolia; Senecio oxyphyllus; Trixis praestans germinating the most over all temperatures tested. Eclipta alba seeds germination was promoted at 30ºC. Colder treatments promoted germination in Tagetes minuta , and in Senecio heterotrichius; S.selloi; Stenachaenium campestre; Symphyopappus casarettoi and Vernonia nudiflora germination was equivalent at 20 or 25ºC. Light promoted germination for all species except in Stenachaenium campestre and Tagetes minuta, the latter being a negative photoblastic species. According to the mean time for germination, the species could be ranked in: fast -less than 5 days- (Baccharis trimera; Eclipta alba; Elephantopus mollis; Stenachaenium campestre and Vernonia nudiflora); intermediate: between 5 and 10 days- (Eupatorium laevigatum; Mikania cordifolia and Tagetes minuta) ; slow: more than 10 days-(Senecio heterotrichius; S.oxyphyllus; S.selloi; Symphyopappus casarettoi; Trixis praestans). The results show that germination of seeds of a range of Asteraceae species varies with temperature and light regime; they provide an initial basis on which to test and interpret the effects of seasonal factors on germination and field establishment. In addition, comments on the agar and sand substrates were made

Brazilian Flora 2020: Leveraging the power of a collaborative scientific network

International audienceThe shortage of reliable primary taxonomic data limits the description of biological taxa and the understanding of biodiversity patterns and processes, complicating biogeographical, ecological, and evolutionary studies. This deficit creates a significant taxonomic impediment to biodiversity research and conservation planning. The taxonomic impediment and the biodiversity crisis are widely recognized, highlighting the urgent need for reliable taxonomic data. Over the past decade, numerous countries worldwide have devoted considerable effort to Target 1 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC), which called for the preparation of a working list of all known plant species by 2010 and an online world Flora by 2020. Brazil is a megadiverse country, home to more of the world's known plant species than any other country. Despite that, Flora Brasiliensis, concluded in 1906, was the last comprehensive treatment of the Brazilian flora. The lack of accurate estimates of the number of species of algae, fungi, and plants occurring in Brazil contributes to the prevailing taxonomic impediment and delays progress towards the GSPC targets. Over the past 12 years, a legion of taxonomists motivated to meet Target 1 of the GSPC, worked together to gather and integrate knowledge on the algal, plant, and fungal diversity of Brazil. Overall, a team of about 980 taxonomists joined efforts in a highly collaborative project that used cybertaxonomy to prepare an updated Flora of Brazil, showing the power of scientific collaboration to reach ambitious goals. This paper presents an overview of the Brazilian Flora 2020 and provides taxonomic and spatial updates on the algae, fungi, and plants found in one of the world's most biodiverse countries. We further identify collection gaps and summarize future goals that extend beyond 2020. Our results show that Brazil is home to 46,975 native species of algae, fungi, and plants, of which 19,669 are endemic to the country. The data compiled to date suggests that the Atlantic Rainforest might be the most diverse Brazilian domain for all plant groups except gymnosperms, which are most diverse in the Amazon. However, scientific knowledge of Brazilian diversity is still unequally distributed, with the Atlantic Rainforest and the Cerrado being the most intensively sampled and studied biomes in the country. In times of “scientific reductionism”, with botanical and mycological sciences suffering pervasive depreciation in recent decades, the first online Flora of Brazil 2020 significantly enhanced the quality and quantity of taxonomic data available for algae, fungi, and plants from Brazil. This project also made all the information freely available online, providing a firm foundation for future research and for the management, conservation, and sustainable use of the Brazilian funga and flora