A legislação em saúde mental no Brasil (1841-2001) : trajeto da consolidação de um modelo de atenção

Orientador: Prof. Dr. Adriano Furtado HolandaDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciências Humanas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psicologia. Defesa: Curitiba, 03/06/2014Inclui referênciasResumo: Este trabalho objetiva discutir a legislação na área de saúde mental no Brasil, entre 1841 e 2001, período que formaliza o modelo de atenção de tipo asilar, centrado no Hospital Psiquiátrico. O texto se divide entre as primeiras legislações, o início do século XX, a fase de consolidação e a reorganização da forma de atenção, a partir da legislação que abrange o território nacional. São selecionadas regulamentações que apresentem pontos marcantes da política oficial de saúde mental, como definições administrativas, organização de serviços e do modelo assistencial. O recorte metodológico se dá por conta da possibilidade de verificação destes documentos, acessíveis pelos sítios oficiais das instituições públicas estatais. A literatura aponta dois modelos significativamente diferentes – o modelo asilar e o modelo psicossocial – sendo que se busca o fundamento legislativo do primeiro modelo, para compreender a passagem para o modelo psicossocial, tomando como marco, a aprovação da lei 10216/2001Abstract: This work discusses the brazilian legislation about mental health between 1841 and 1988, a period that represents the moment of formalization of a model of care centered on asylum, the Psychiatric Hospital. The text is divided in four points: the first laws, the early twentieth century, a period of consolidation and reorganization of the manners of attention from the legislation covering the national territory. There are selected regulations that present striking points of official mental health policy, and administrative settings, coordination of services and care model. This methodological approach is given because of the possibility of verifying these documents, accessible by public official websites of state institutions. The literature points to two significantly different models – the asylum model and the psychosocial model – with the search for the legislative basis of the first model to understand the passage to the psychosocial model, using as a frame, the approval of law 10216/2001

A legislação em saúde mental no Brasil (1841-2001) : trajeto da consolidação de um modelo de atenção

Orientador: Prof. Dr. Adriano Furtado HolandaDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciências Humanas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psicologia. Defesa: Curitiba, 03/06/2014Inclui referênciasResumo: Este trabalho objetiva discutir a legislação na área de saúde mental no Brasil, entre 1841 e 2001, período que formaliza o modelo de atenção de tipo asilar, centrado no Hospital Psiquiátrico. O texto se divide entre as primeiras legislações, o início do século XX, a fase de consolidação e a reorganização da forma de atenção, a partir da legislação que abrange o território nacional. São selecionadas regulamentações que apresentem pontos marcantes da política oficial de saúde mental, como definições administrativas, organização de serviços e do modelo assistencial. O recorte metodológico se dá por conta da possibilidade de verificação destes documentos, acessíveis pelos sítios oficiais das instituições públicas estatais. A literatura aponta dois modelos significativamente diferentes – o modelo asilar e o modelo psicossocial – sendo que se busca o fundamento legislativo do primeiro modelo, para compreender a passagem para o modelo psicossocial, tomando como marco, a aprovação da lei 10216/2001Abstract: This work discusses the brazilian legislation about mental health between 1841 and 1988, a period that represents the moment of formalization of a model of care centered on asylum, the Psychiatric Hospital. The text is divided in four points: the first laws, the early twentieth century, a period of consolidation and reorganization of the manners of attention from the legislation covering the national territory. There are selected regulations that present striking points of official mental health policy, and administrative settings, coordination of services and care model. This methodological approach is given because of the possibility of verifying these documents, accessible by public official websites of state institutions. The literature points to two significantly different models – the asylum model and the psychosocial model – with the search for the legislative basis of the first model to understand the passage to the psychosocial model, using as a frame, the approval of law 10216/2001

NEOTROPICAL ALIEN MAMMALS: a data set of occurrence and abundance of alien mammals in the Neotropics

Biological invasion is one of the main threats to native biodiversity. For a species to become invasive, it must be voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into a nonnative habitat. Mammals were among first taxa to be introduced worldwide for game, meat, and labor, yet the number of species introduced in the Neotropics remains unknown. In this data set, we make available occurrence and abundance data on mammal species that (1) transposed a geographical barrier and (2) were voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into the Neotropics. Our data set is composed of 73,738 historical and current georeferenced records on alien mammal species of which around 96% correspond to occurrence data on 77 species belonging to eight orders and 26 families. Data cover 26 continental countries in the Neotropics, ranging from Mexico and its frontier regions (southern Florida and coastal-central Florida in the southeast United States) to Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay, and the 13 countries of Caribbean islands. Our data set also includes neotropical species (e.g., Callithrix sp., Myocastor coypus, Nasua nasua) considered alien in particular areas of Neotropics. The most numerous species in terms of records are from Bos sp. (n = 37,782), Sus scrofa (n = 6,730), and Canis familiaris (n = 10,084); 17 species were represented by only one record (e.g., Syncerus caffer, Cervus timorensis, Cervus unicolor, Canis latrans). Primates have the highest number of species in the data set (n = 20 species), partly because of uncertainties regarding taxonomic identification of the genera Callithrix, which includes the species Callithrix aurita, Callithrix flaviceps, Callithrix geoffroyi, Callithrix jacchus, Callithrix kuhlii, Callithrix penicillata, and their hybrids. This unique data set will be a valuable source of information on invasion risk assessments, biodiversity redistribution and conservation-related research. There are no copyright restrictions. Please cite this data paper when using the data in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us on how they are using the data

NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES: a data set on carnivore distribution in the Neotropics

Mammalian carnivores are considered a key group in maintaining ecological health and can indicate potential ecological integrity in landscapes where they occur. Carnivores also hold high conservation value and their habitat requirements can guide management and conservation plans. The order Carnivora has 84 species from 8 families in the Neotropical region: Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Otariidae; Phocidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae. Herein, we include published and unpublished data on native terrestrial Neotropical carnivores (Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae). NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES is a publicly available data set that includes 99,605 data entries from 35,511 unique georeferenced coordinates. Detection/non-detection and quantitative data were obtained from 1818 to 2018 by researchers, governmental agencies, non-governmental organizations, and private consultants. Data were collected using several methods including camera trapping, museum collections, roadkill, line transect, and opportunistic records. Literature (peer-reviewed and grey literature) from Portuguese, Spanish and English were incorporated in this compilation. Most of the data set consists of detection data entries (n = 79,343; 79.7%) but also includes non-detection data (n = 20,262; 20.3%). Of those, 43.3% also include count data (n = 43,151). The information available in NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES will contribute to macroecological, ecological, and conservation questions in multiple spatio-temporal perspectives. As carnivores play key roles in trophic interactions, a better understanding of their distribution and habitat requirements are essential to establish conservation management plans and safeguard the future ecological health of Neotropical ecosystems. Our data paper, combined with other large-scale data sets, has great potential to clarify species distribution and related ecological processes within the Neotropics. There are no copyright restrictions and no restriction for using data from this data paper, as long as the data paper is cited as the source of the information used. We also request that users inform us of how they intend to use the data

NEOTROPICAL XENARTHRANS: a data set of occurrence of xenarthran species in the Neotropics

Xenarthrans—anteaters, sloths, and armadillos—have essential functions for ecosystem maintenance, such as insect control and nutrient cycling, playing key roles as ecosystem engineers. Because of habitat loss and fragmentation, hunting pressure, and conflicts with domestic dogs, these species have been threatened locally, regionally, or even across their full distribution ranges. The Neotropics harbor 21 species of armadillos, 10 anteaters, and 6 sloths. Our data set includes the families Chlamyphoridae (13), Dasypodidae (7), Myrmecophagidae (3), Bradypodidae (4), and Megalonychidae (2). We have no occurrence data on Dasypus pilosus (Dasypodidae). Regarding Cyclopedidae, until recently, only one species was recognized, but new genetic studies have revealed that the group is represented by seven species. In this data paper, we compiled a total of 42,528 records of 31 species, represented by occurrence and quantitative data, totaling 24,847 unique georeferenced records. The geographic range is from the southern United States, Mexico, and Caribbean countries at the northern portion of the Neotropics, to the austral distribution in Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay. Regarding anteaters, Myrmecophaga tridactyla has the most records (n = 5,941), and Cyclopes sp. have the fewest (n = 240). The armadillo species with the most data is Dasypus novemcinctus (n = 11,588), and the fewest data are recorded for Calyptophractus retusus (n = 33). With regard to sloth species, Bradypus variegatus has the most records (n = 962), and Bradypus pygmaeus has the fewest (n = 12). Our main objective with Neotropical Xenarthrans is to make occurrence and quantitative data available to facilitate more ecological research, particularly if we integrate the xenarthran data with other data sets of Neotropical Series that will become available very soon (i.e., Neotropical Carnivores, Neotropical Invasive Mammals, and Neotropical Hunters and Dogs). Therefore, studies on trophic cascades, hunting pressure, habitat loss, fragmentation effects, species invasion, and climate change effects will be possible with the Neotropical Xenarthrans data set. Please cite this data paper when using its data in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us of how they are using these data