Influence of food allergy on atopic dermatitis in infants and children under 10 years: a study in Iran

Background: Based on the data collected from 220 cases of children and infants in Iran, aged under 2 months to 10 years, over a period of 6 months (2021-2022),there is evidence of a relationship between food consumption and the occurrence of Atopic dermatitis (AD). Methods: It is an institution based Case-Control study. Analytical observational studies. Results: It was found that 28.6% had IgE levels ranging between 150-250 u/ml. The majority of these patients consumed breast milk (n=83) or milk powders (n=75).In terms of the location of AD symptoms, 31.3% of the cases involved the chin and face. Conclusions: The duration of treatment for these patients ranged from 6 to 8 months. Gastrointestinal problems and asthma allergies were also observed among the patients, which could be attributed to an increase in cytokines and pro-inflammatory factors. These findings highlight the influence of food consumption on the development of AD in Iranian children and infants. It suggests that certain foods, including breast milk and milk powders, may be associated with the occurrence of AD in this population

Cytotoxicity Evaluation of Iranian Propolis and Calcium Hydroxide on Dental Pulp Fibroblasts

Abstract Background and aims. Since intracanal medicaments can affect the cell viability in periapical tissues, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of calcium hydroxide and propolis on pulp fibroblasts. Materials and methods. Two healthy third molars were used as a source to obtain fibroblasts. The fibroblasts were cultured and subjected to 1 mg/mL of propolis and calcium hydroxide. This experiment was performed in six replicates and cell viability was evaluated with MTT assay. Statistical analysis was performed by t-test. Results. Comparison of cell viability with the use of 1 mg/mL of calcium hydroxide and propolis showed that cells subjected to propolis were more viable when compared to calcium hydroxide (P < 0.05). Conclusion. In this study, calcium hydroxide reduced fibroblast viability, significantly more than Iranian propolis. Other properties should be evaluated before Iranian propolis could be indicated for use as intracanal medicament

TRA-963: EVALUATION OF USING WIFI SIGNALS TO ESTIMATE INTERSECTION TRAVEL TIME

Travel time is an important measure in traffic engineering and planning with many applications including identification of network bottlenecks, plan to improve traffic mobility, providing commuters with travel time information, and traffic signal control evaluation and control. Currently a number of technologies can provide travel time information such as GPS enabled probes and identifying vehicles with Bluetooth or Wi-Fi devices. The later method detects and matches unique Media Access Control (MAC) address of the Bluetooth or Wi-Fi activated devices to calculate travel time information. This method is a non-intrusive and cost effective and has gained a lot of attention in the past few years. Extensive research has been done on evaluating the accuracy, application, and market penetration rate of using Bluetooth technology for travel time estimation for both urban arterials and highways. However, the application of Wi-Fi MAC address detection and matching for travel time estimation at urban arterials has not been adequately studied. The limited available studies are contradicting with significant differences in terms of travel time accuracy, and penetration rates. This study intended to evaluate the accuracy and reliability of using the combination of Bluetooth and Wi-Fi based travel time estimates through a case study. A sample size analysis is conducted and the expected statistical sampling errors are compared with that of obtained from comparing the Bluetooth and Wi-Fi data with ground truth information which is collected through video footage. The results of this study show that Wi-Fi signals can also provide reliable travel time information. When combined with Bluetooth travel times data, which significantly increases the market penetration rate comparing to using Bluetooth alone. The combination of using Bluetooth and Wi-Fi signal provided penetration rates up to 8% with errors less than 10% compared to ground truth data

Legal distribution of Risk on International Shipbuilding Contracts

This article seeks an appropriate response to the issues that the parties to international shipbuilding contracts struggle with and they are lawsuits arising from disputes related to the manner of risk distribution in these contracts as well as the variety of associated cases and their referral to arbitration tribunals or international courts. Identifying existing or perceived risks in international shipbuilding contracts and the quality of management and distribution of these risks among the contracting parties have a significant impact on the life and survival of the contract and on achieving the desired result and the ultimate goal of the contract. A wide range of financial, legal, political, technical and economic risks are involved in the contract, the distribution of which must also be detailed. besides, national, regional and international legal rules and requirements in the field of maritime standards restrict and regulate the freedom of will of the parties. The main risks include design, technical or qualitative risk and financial risk. The effects and guarantees of each of these risks vary and the way out of them should be foreseen in the clauses of the contract or other similar documents in the light of the principle of sovereignty of the will and it should also be specified which party bears the burden of these risks. Risk, as the case may be, is borne by the party to the contract who has the greater capacity, power and from technical, legal or financial point of view has the capacity to compensate and procure it. Depending on the case, the design risk is borne by the design provider (owner, builder or design consultant), technical or quality risk is borne by the builder until the end of the warranty period, and financial risk is borne by the financing applican

Disposition of lead (Pb) in brain of rats following oral exposure to lipstick

     Information about the health risks that might be associated with lipstick consumption effects is scarce in the literature. The present work investigated the bioaccumulation of lead (Pb) in brain of rats originated from lipstick sample. First, Lead contents were determined in 12 different brands of lipsticks. Lead was detected in all the studied samples. The average lead content in 14 lipsticks samples was 12.2 PPM wet wt. Then, one brand was selected for feeding to the rats and amount of oral exposing in the three doses was calculated. Sixty rats were used for the experiment. Animals were divided into 4 groups of 15 animals each. While 1group served as control group, the remaining 3 groups were exposed to lipstick through oral gavage for 12 weeks.  Results show that, exposure to the lipstick cause significantly disposition of lead in the brain of rats.

Teratogenic effects of carbamazepine on embryonic eye development in pregnant mice

Background: Carbamazepine is an antiepileptic drug used widely for the treatment of epileptic seizures and neuropathic pain. Several malformations in humans, mainly neural tube defects, have been reported as a consequence of its use during pregnancy. The association between maternal use of carbamazepine and congenital eye malformations is not very well understood. Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine this association after intraperitoneal injection of carbamazepine during the period of organogenesis in mice. Methods: Balb/c timed-pregnant mice were divided into 4 experimental and control groups. Two experimental groups received daily intraperitoneal injections of 15mg/kg (group I) or 30mg/kg (group II) of carbamazepine on gestational days 6 to 15. Two control groups received normal saline or Tween 20 (polysorbate 20). Dams underwent Cesarean section on gestational day 18 and embryos were harvested. External examination for eye malformations, routine histological processing of malformed fetuses to study eye morphology, and skeletal staining were performed. Results: The mean weight and crown-rump of the fetuses in both experimental groups were significantly reduced compared with those of the control groups. Various malformations were detected such as brachygnathia, calvarial deformity, vertebral deformity, short tail, and brachydactyly. Premature opening of one or both eyes with mild to severe exophthalmos occurred in the 2 experimental groups. Deformed lens, retinal folds with undeveloped layers, and corneal folds with absence of surface epithelium were detected in both experimental groups. Conclusions: This study, to the best of our knowledge, showed for the first time that intraperitoneal administration of carbamazepine at clinically comparable doses during organogenesis can induce several eye malformations in mice. The implication of these results needs to be considered when carbamazepine is administered during human pregnancy. © 2010 Informa UK Ltd

Assessment of petroleum contracts adjustment consists renegotiation clause by arbitrator

In many Petroleum contracts, the parties put renegotiation clause in order to keep longtime balance, so that if the balance disrupted, the parties should be obliged to renegotiate in order to rehabilitate the contract balance. So if renegotiation process didn’t reach result, what will happen to the contract? Also in which circumstances the parties have right to recourse arbitration? Do arbitrators have the right to adjust the contract? In one side, keeping the balance was the first base of the agreement, and by disrupting the balance the continuation of contract would become unfair and in contrast with common intention, and on the other side, termination of the contract without party consent is impossible. In the absent of arbitration clause, one parties can recourse to the arbitration tribunal, so that the tribunal can arbitrate the case if it is deduced from implicit agreement or enforceable law that it has jurisdiction. In case of putting adjustment right for arbitrator, he can adjust it. otherwise, it can be understood from the first intention of the parties, economical logic, principles of international trade law and the principle of similarity of arbitrator and judge authorities that the arbitrator has right to use adjustment