Application of associative experiment in forming the Foreign communicative competence

© Canadian Center of Science and Education. The article focuses on some problems in teaching foreign languages, solution of which is successfully achieved through the method of free associations. The article also concerns the functioning of associative experiment in the course of teaching of foreign languages. In a technique of teaching of foreign languages free associative experiment is used, first of all, for studying of associative structure of memory at perception and interpretation of unknown foreign words, and also for research of problems of bilingualism and monoligualism

The representation of the concept «journey» in the author's picture of the world of J.Tolkien (by example of his novel «hobbit or there and back again»)

The article investigates the concept "journey" in J. Tolkien's picture of the world of based on his novel "Hobbit or There and Back Again". The main research method was the conceptual analysis, that is a system of concepts and lexicalsemantic fields. The paper reviews conceptual and figurative- value layer of the concept "journey" and studies its lexical-semantic and associative semantic fields. It was revealed in the process of the study of conceptual layer of the concept "journey" that the main meaning of the lexeme "journey" coincides with the dictionary definition. The peripheral part of this layer is composed of the following lexical-semantic field: "the subject of journey", "purpose of journey", "travel route", "the physical condition of the road", "assist in the realization of journey", "obstacles", "baggage" and others. In order to reveal the content of the value layer of the concept associative-semantic field of the concept "journey" against the background of the considered work will help to find the following interrelated associates: "fidelity", "ordeal", "means", "self-development", "growth" and others. Based on the analysis of all sememes that represent the literary concept "journey" against the background of the novel being studied, it has been found that the concept "journey" in J. Tolkien's picture of the world is a very complex and multifaceted cognitive formation, having high psychological significance, as well as content being value for linguocultural community. The results can be used in cultural linguistics, psycholinguistics and semantics of the text

Associative experiment is an effective method of research of the national character (on the material of tatar and Russian liguistic cultures)

In article is considered one of productive methods of research of national character - associative experiment. On example of results of free associative experiment for words-stimulus tui and svadba (wedding) among native speakers of Tatar and Russian languages authors reflected the hierarchy of values and preferences of bearers of these linguistic cultures. Choice of the weddding concept is stipulated by the fact that the wedding is an integral element of culture of any nation, in this conception find their reminiscences of superstitions and pagan ritualism, speculations about a man, family, children, continuity of generations and sense of existence. In life of Turkic people tui (wedding), beside all said above is a concept that fixes transient stages of human life cycle, and only them have three weddings of life - gomernen üch tue: bebi tue (literary, the wedding of a baby), yashlek tue (literary, the wedding of a youth), keshe gomerenen songy tue (literary, the last wedding in a man's life), that are symbolizing birth, marriage and ritual of farewell ceremony of paying the last respects. This peculiarity of Tatar language consciousness is clearly detected at comparison study that also allowed us to detect that in Tatar nation consciousness the lexical unit tui is characterized by larger index of metaphoric diffuseness, dynamics of development and nominative density, than svadba in language picture of Russian nation, for example, baka tue (literary, wedding of frogs), unish tue (literally, harvest wedding), xezmet tue (literary, wedding of labor) etc. Presence of answers like üi tue (literary, wedding of the house), saban tue (literary, wedding of the meadow) in native speakers of Tatar language points at such additional sense shade in understanding of lexical unit tui, as ceremonial event. With regard of peculiarities of Russian language consciousness, on the assumption of the fact of higher frequency of joy (4.8% of Russian speaking respondents and 1.7% of Tatar speaking respondents) and happiness (8% and 2%) reactions among questioned of Russian nationality can be made a conclusion about more emotional perception of lexical unit svadba by Russians. One more defining feature of Russian perception of lexical unit svadba is its close connection with such concepts as marriage and wedlock. Associative experiment allowed to disclose connotation emotionally and value loaded component of meaning of lexical units tui and svadba, detect conceptions and notations, most substantial for language consciousness of Tatar and Russian nations

CO-DEVELOPMENT OF PERSONALITY, EDUCATION AND PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITY OF STUDENTS ON THE NATURAL SCIENCES

Legal principles, good behavior, the accumulation of legal information, the behavior of childrenПрофессиональная целесообразность знаний дисциплин естественнонаучного цикла в одинаковой мере затрагивает все профессии и специальности СПО вне зависимости от профиля изучаемых дисциплин. Знание концепций современного естествознания поможет будущим специалистам не только расширить кругозор, познакомить с конкретными естественнонаучными проблемами, но и поможет создать основную базу для развития профессиональных качеств и творческих способностей

Anthropogenic unsteadiness of chlorine in atmospheric precipitations in the north of European part of Russia (1958-2003)

The article of technique of construction of electronic maps which reflects the existential analyses of pollution of the north of European territory of Russia is stated. Anthropogenous variability of concentration and the module of receipt of chlorides with atmospheric precipitation for 45 years temporary period are analyzed. © 2007 E. R. Gallullina, P. V. Homyakov, L. Z. Shayakhmetova, N. P. Torsuev

Sound-absorbing polyurethane foam for the auto industry

© 2017, Allerton Press, Inc.Ambient noise harms the human organism: it produces high levels of the stress hormones, disrupts the operation of the nervous system, provokes cardiovascular damage, and impairs hearing. In the creation of new noise-reducing materials, the goal is to increase porosity without loss of structural strength. With greater porosity and reduced thickness, acoustic insulation will be lighter, which is better for use in automobiles. In addition, the dynamic characteristics are improved, and vehicle assembly is simplified

Prediction of elastic modulus for polymer composites

© Research India Publications.Elasticity of the composites was analyzed as inhomogeneous systems and their predictive estimation was provided using relevant models by Eshelby, nonlinear patterns of elastic de-formation of bodies with rigid inclusions (Einstein, Guth-Smallwood, Eilersvan Dijck, Kerner, Mooney, Halpin-Tsai, Nielsen, Ishai equations). With the Shklovsky-De Gennes model the topological model was obtained in order to deter-mine the fractal dimension of particulate filled polymer composites. The critical concentration of particulate filler in polymer composites was updated (percolation threshold υ=0, 15) to reveal a structural transition from isolated clusters to a skeleton lattice which consists of dispersed particles and polymer film matrix. Using the percolation theory a value of critical exponent t3 (universal exponent for state of structural topology of particulate filled polymer system) was found and defined. The universal critical exponent t3=1, 58 was found, it determines a skeleton of fractal percolation cluster from fractal point of view, and it was revealed to have a pivotal effect on increasing the elasticity of composite materials. The pre-diction mathematical models (polynomial, exponential, etc.) were obtained for dynamic modulus and impact resistance of epoxy, polyether, epoxy-polyurethane composites according to the concentration of different hardeners. The optimum concentrations of matrix components (hardeners, modifiers) which provide high elasticity and impact resistance of the polymer matrices under study were defined. Based on the Kelvin-Voigt model a new structural mechanical model of particulate filled polymer composites was developed. It reflects the strain condition of matrix-mass, matrix-film and percolation lattice which consists of dispersed particles. With the Verhult’s method the prediction models were obtained to describe the change in dynamic modulus according to volume content of reinforcing fillers. A two-component modifying agent was developed for epoxy-polyurethane composite materials with higher stress-strain properties. It consists of poly-ether and polyisocyanate in a ratio of 1 to 1. The formulas of effective filled epoxy, polyether and epoxy-polyurethane composites were specified

Смешанное заболевание соединительной ткани

Mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD), also known as Sharp's syndrome, is a rare systemic connective tissue disorder that characterized by a combination of some features of systemic lupus erythematosus, systemic sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, polymyositis with the presence of antibodies to soluble nuclear ribonucleoprotein (anti-U1-RNP) in high titers. The most common clinical manifestations of MCTD include Raynaud's phenomenon, hand edema, muscle weakness, arthralgia/arthritis, and esophageal hypotonia. The course of the disease is mostly benign; however, there are severe cases with damage to the lung, kidneys, cardiovascular system and central nervous system. Poor prognosis and the highest mortality rate are associated with pulmonary hypertension. The diagnosis of MCTD is difficult due to the absence of unified diagnostic criteria and lack of specific manifestations at the onset of the disease. Furthermore, there are no generally accepted guidelines for MCTD treatment.The paper considers the modern concepts of MCTD, its current diagnostic criteria, clinical and immunological features, and treatment.Смешанное заболевание соединительной ткани (СМЗСТ; синдром Шарпа) — редкое системное заболевание соединительной ткани, характеризующееся сочетанием отдельных признаков системной красной волчанки, системной склеродермии, ревматоидного артрита, полимиозита с наличием антител к растворимому ядерному рибонуклеопротеину (анти-и1-РНП) в высоких титрах. Кнаи-более частым клиническим проявлениям СМЗСТ относят феномен Рейно, отек кистей, мышечную слабость, артралгии/артриты, гипотонию пищевода. Течение заболевания преимущественно доброкачественное, однако имеются случаи тяжелого течения с поражением легких, почек, сердечно-сосудистой системы и ЦНС. Плохой прогноз и наибольшая смертность связаны с легочной артериальной гипертензией. Диагностика СМЗСТ затруднена в связи с отсутствием унифицированных диагностических критериев и специфических проявлений в дебюте заболевания. Кроме того, не существует общепринятых рекомендаций по лечению СМЗСТ.В статье рассмотрены современные представления о СМЗСТ: имеющиеся критерии диагностики, клинические и иммунологические особенности, лечение

Позитивность по антителам к рибонуклеопротеину при ревматических заболеваниях: фокус на системную склеродермию

The review deals with the problem of antibody production in scleroderma systematica (SDS), with a focus on antiribonucleoprotein (RNP) antibodies: frequency, structure, and clinical associations. SDS is a progressive polysyndromic disease with characteristic lesion of the skin, locomotor apparatus, viscera (heart, lungs, digestive tract, and kidneys), and common vasospastic disorders as Raynaud's syndrome, the basis for which are the processes of connective tissue disorganization with a predominance of fibrosclerotic changes and vascular pathology as peculiar endarteritis obliterans. The presence of antibodies to different autoantigens is a distinguishing feature of SDS. Among the patients who meet the classification criteria for SDS, there is a subgroup of patients who are not found to have SDS-specific antinuclear antibodies, but have antibodies to soluble nuclear autoantigens, namely, antibodies to RNP. This type of autoantibodies is described in various systemic connective tissue diseases: systemic lupus erythematosus, dermatomyositis, polymyositis, and SDS. The detection rate of anti-RNP antibodies in SDS varies from 5 to 30% in different ethnic groups. In addition, positivity for anti-RNP antibodies is a characteristic feature of mixed connective tissue disease. A more detailed study of anti-U1-RNP antibody-positive patients with SDS, by identifying a new subtype of SDS, comparing, and searching for dissimilarities of anti-U1-RNP antibody carriers from other well-described phenotypes of SDS, is of interest today. This problem is relevant, by taking into account the personalized approach to following up patients, which is actively being elaborated in rheumatology. Обзор посвящен проблеме антителообразования при системной склеродермии (ССД), с акцентом на антитела к рибонуклеопротеину (РНП): частоте встречаемости, структуре, клиническим ассоциациям. ССД – прогрессирующее полисиндромное заболевание с характерным поражением кожи, опорно-двигательного аппарата, внутренних органов (сердца, легких, пищеварительного тракта, почек) и распространенными вазоспастическими нарушениями по типу синдрома Рейно, в основе которых лежат процессы дезорганизации соединительной ткани с преобладанием фиброзно-склеротических изменений и сосудистой патологии по типу своеобразного облитерирующего эндартериита. Наличие антител к различным аутоантигенам – характерная черта ССД. Среди пациентов, удовлетворяющих классификационным критериям ССД, имеется подгруппа больных, у которых не выявляются специфические для ССД антиядерные антитела, но присутствуют антитела к растворимым ядерным аутоантигенам, а именно – антителам к РНП. Данный тип аутоантител (аутоАТ) описан при различных системных заболеваниях соединительной ткани: системной красной волчанке, дерматомиозите и полимиозите, ССД. Частота выявления антител к РНП при ССД варьирует в разных этнических группах в пределах 5–30%. Кроме того, позитивность по антителам к РНП является характерной чертой смешанного заболевания соединительной ткани. На сегодняшний день представляет интерес более детальное изучение больных ССД, позитивных по антителам к U1-РНП, с возможностью выделения нового субтипа ССД, а также сравнения и поиска отличий носителей антител к U1-РНП от других хорошо описанных фенотипов ССД. Данная проблема представляется актуальной, учитывая активно разрабатываемый в ревматологии персонифицированный подход к курации больных.

Production of sulfur composite materials from sulfur containing waste for construction applications

Production of high-quality sulfur composite materials with high performance. The physicochemical analysis and quantum chemical studies established that high physical and mechanical properties of the developed materials resulted from a chemical interaction between the components, which favored the formation of a compact homogeneous structure of the material