System Engineering for Project Organization

The theory of systems allows to organize to more efficient management of the development and changes of the project. Classification of M. Jackson for classification of various practices of the systems approach was used for research and analysis. The paper deals with the use of systematic approach in organization management  to enhance efficiency in project progress and change management. Based on the classification of M. Jackson different applications of systematic approach are examined and analyzed. A case study of soft system thinking is described. The goal of ongoing research is development of a method to evaluate the effectiveness of project teams at HES MEPhI. The efforts involved application of soft systems methodology and yielded a unified methodology comprising tools and approaches of more efficient management of project teams. The merger of the soft systems methodology and evolution of developed tools into a combined methodology, its deployment in the practice of managing project teams in the field of education provides the launching site for its further extrapolation to other fields where project teams operate. Keywords: system approach, project teams, education, soft systems thinking, organizational cybernetics, changes, management, efficiency, project, tea

Structure of salts solution in polar dielectric liquids and electrically induced separation of solvated ions

The aim of study is to demonstrate that separation of solvated ions in solution of mix of salts under the action of external periodic electric field happens because of around ions there are formed clusters consisting of molecules of solvent and the sizes of such clusters have dimensions ~ 0.1 [mu]m. In investigations the sizes of clusters theoretically were defined and experimentally value of frequency of external electric field which action excites the effect of separation of the solvated ions was defined. Experiments were done in the Technical Physics Chair of the National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University. At theoretical determination of the dimensions of clusters Poisson's equation was solved and was considered that polar molecules of solvent are oriented under the action of electric field of an ion. The chemical composition of samples of solutions was determined by means of the spectrophotometry and he X-ray excited fluorescent radiation analysis method. Theoretical estimates and results of experiments confirmed the assumption that clusters which are formed around ions in solutions have the dimensions ~ 0.1 [mu]m. Results of investigation testify that placing of volume distributed electric charge of ion in dielectric liquid is accompanied by formation of the supramolecular particles, which we called "clusters", linear sizes of which is significantly more than first and second radiuses of solvation (~ 1 Angstrom) and reach size ~ 0.1 [mu]m. At such sizes inertial properties of clusters and their natural frequencies give the chance to operate their movement by means of action of external electric field on solution

Self-propagating high-temperature synthesis of the high- current emission lanthanum and niobium contained ceramics

The paper describes the production of metal-ceramic high-current emitters containing lanthanum hexaboride LaB[6] by self-propagating high-temperature synthesis. Tests of emitters as explosive-emission cathodes in an OMEGA-350 microsecond accelerator are presented. Experiments show that when a metal-ceramic cathode is used, the emitted energy was 12-17% higher than that produced by tungsten and graphite cathodes and the beam "signature" is a circle with a small (~ 15%) variation in radius

Study of plasma formation in a planar type ion diode with self-magnetic isolation

One of the sources of high-power ion beams is an ion diode with isolation by external or self-magnetic field. Due to the simplicity and reliability of the design, this type of diodes is widely used in applied research. The explosive plasma generation on the anode surface under a bipolar voltage pulse is accompanied by a loss of the electron current from the anode-cathode region of the diode. The electron current characteristics depending on the operation mode of diode and the energy supplied are presented. Investigation of the cathode emission surface and distribution of the ion current density at the output of the diode along the anode surface were carried out. The ion current density reaches 15-25 A/cm2 at the outer edge of the anode, and 5-8 A/cm2 – in the central region. The area of emission surface of the anode is approximately 25-30% of the total anode area. Electron loss current in the matching mode of diode reaches 6.5 kA

Analysis constants for database of neutron nuclear data

At present there is a variety of experimental and calculation nuclear data which arerather entirely presented in the following evaluated nuclear data libraries: ENDF (USA), JEFF(Europe), JENDL (Japan), TENDL (Russian Federation), ROSFOND (Russian Federation).Libraries of nuclear data, used for neutron-physics calculations in programs: Scale (OrigenArp),MCNP, WIMS, MCU, and others. Nevertheless all existing nuclear data bases, includingevaluated ones, contain practically no information about threshold neutron reactions on {232}Thnuclei; available values of outputs and cross-sections significantly differ by orders. The workshows necessity of nuclear constants corrections which are used in the calculations of grids andthorium storage systems. The results of numerical experiments lattices and storage systemswith thorium

Dynamics of population of gadolinium-156 nuclei energy levels during neutron pumping of isotope-modified gadolinium oxide

The possibility of transformation of energy of fast and epithermal neutrons to energy of coherent photon radiation at the expense of a neutron pumping of the active medium formed by nucleus with long-living isomerous states is theoretically described. The channel of the nucleus formation in isomeric state as a daughter nucleus resulting from the nuclear reaction of neutron capture by a lighter nucleus is taken into consideration for the first time. The analysis of cross sections dependence of radiative neutron capture by the nuclei of gadolinium isotopes Gd155 and Gd156 is performed. As a result, it is stated that the speed of Gd156 nuclei formation exceeds the speed of their “burnup” in the neutron flux. It is provided by a unique combination of absorbing properties of two isotopes of gadolinium Gd155 and Gd156 in both thermal and resonance regions of neutron energy. The possibility of excess energy accumulation in the participating medium created by the nuclei of the pair of gadolinium isotopes Gd155 and Gd156 due to formation and storage of nuclei in isomeric state at radiative neutron capture by the nuclei of the stable isotope with a smaller mass is shown. It is concluded that when the active medium created by gadolinium nuclei is pumped by neutrons with the flux density of the order of 1013 cm-2·s-1, the condition of levels population inversion can be achieved in a few tens of seconds. The wave length of the radiation generated by the medium is 0.0006 nm

Study of Plasmachemical Synthesis of Fuel Compositions for Dispersion Nuclear Fuel

The paper presents the results of studies of the plasmachemical synthesis of fissile material (uranium dioxide) and the matrix (yttria) for dispersion nuclear fuel. For this purpose, simulated water-organic solutions of zirconyl nitrate, yttrium nitrate and organic component (acetone) have been used. For the first time, the compositions of such solutions and the modes of their processing, which ensure the synthesis of nanosized oxide powders in air plasma, were determined