A dynamic programming model for optimising the timing of replacement of sows

Replaced with revised version of poster 07/20/10.Farm Management, Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies,

Composition and cross-sectional area of muscle fibre types in relation to daily gain and lean and fat content of carcass in Landrace and Yorkshire pigs

The muscle fibre-type properties of longissimus were compared between Landrace and Yorkshire breeds and between the sexes in an attempt to shed light on the relationship of these histochemical parameters to animal growth and carcass composition. Muscle fibres were classified into three groups, type I, type lIA and type 11B, using the myosin ATPase method. At a given live weight, the cross-sectional area of type I fibres (CSA1) was smaller (

Lehmien ylläpitotarpeen ja muuntokelpoisen energian käytön tehokkuuden perinnöllinen vaihtelu maidontuotannossa

201

Modeling the Costs of Postpartum Dysgalactia Syndrome and Locomotory Disorders on Sow Productivity and Replacement

Peer reviewe

Identification of copy number variations and candidate genes for reproduction traits in Finnish pig populations

Animal breeding programs can be improved by genetic markers associated with production and reproduction traits. Reproduction traits are important for economic success of pig production and therefore development of genetic tools for selection is of high interest to pig breeding. In this study our objective was to identify genomic regions as-sociated with fertility traits in two Finnish pig breeds using large scale SNP genotyping and genome wide association analysis and characterization of copy number variations (CNV). Since CNVs are structural variations of the genome they potentially have a large effect on gene expression and protein function. We analyzed 1265 genotyped boars for nine different reproduction traits and identified 46 CNV regions encompassing 13 genes. 11 of the CNV regions were shared between the breeds, 20 were unique to the Finnish Yorkshire and 15 to the Finnish Landrace. The ge-nome wide association (GWAS) analysis identified zero to five reproduction associated genomic regions per trait. Furthermore, we identified 23 genomic regions with 20 candidate genes associated with fertility traits using GWAS analysis. The identified CNV regions were compared against GWAS regions to detect candidate regions with an ef-fect on reproduction traits. This study reports candidate genes and genomic regions within two Finnish pig breeds for reproduction traits, which can be utilized in breeding programs.Peer reviewe

Whole-genome association analysis of pork meat pH revealed three significant regions and several potential genes in Finnish Yorkshire pigs

Background: One of the most commonly used quality measurements of pork is pH measured 24 h after slaughter. The most probable mode of inheritance for this trait is oligogenic with several known major genes, such as PRKAG3. In this study, we used whole-genome SNP genotypes of over 700 AI boars; after a quality check, 42,385 SNPs remained for association analysis. All the boars were purebred Finnish Yorkshire. To account for relatedness of the animals, a pedigree-based relationship matrix was used in a mixed linear model to test the effect of SNPs on pH measured from loin. A bioinformatics analysis was performed to identify the most promising genes in the significant regions related to meat quality. Results: Genome-wide association study (GWAS) revealed three significant chromosomal regions: one on chromosome 3 (39.9 Mb-40.1 Mb) and two on chromosome 15 (58.5 Mb-60.5 Mb and 132 Mb-135 Mb including PRKAG3). A conditional analysis with a significant SNP in the PRKAG3 region, MARC0083357, as a covariate in the model retained the significant SNPs on chromosome 3. Even though linkage disequilibrium was relatively high over a long distance between MARC0083357 and other significant SNPs on chromosome 15, some SNPs retained their significance in the conditional analysis, even in the vicinity of PRKAG3. The significant regions harbored several genes, including two genes involved in cyclic AMP (cAMP) signaling: ADCY9 and CREBBP. Based on functional and transcription factor-gene networks, the most promising candidate genes for meat pH are ADCY9, CREBBP, TRAP1, NRG1, PRKAG3, VIL1, TNS1, and IGFBP5, and the key transcription factors related to these genes are HNF4A, PPARG, and Nkx2-5. Conclusions: Based on SNP association, pathway, and transcription factor analysis, we were able to identify several genes with potential to control muscle cell homeostasis and meat quality. The associated SNPs can be used in selection for better pork. We also showed that post-GWAS analysis reveals important information about the genes' potential role on meat quality. The gained information can be used in later functional studies.Peer reviewe

Tavoitteet kirkkaiksi - jalostusarvot avuksi

201

Parempia ja kestävämpiä emakoita

vo

Sukusiitoksen hallinta valintaohjelmissa

201

Lihassolutyypin ja lihassolun poikkipinta-alan yhteys sian kasvuun ja ruhon koostumukseen maatiaisessa ja yorkshiressa

The muscle fibre-type properties of longissimus were compared between Landrace and Yorkshire breeds and between the sexes in an attempt to shed light on the relationship of these histochemical parameters to animal growth and carcass composition. Muscle fibres were classified into three groups, type I, type lIA and type 11B, using the myosin ATPase method. At a given live weight, the cross-sectional area of type I fibres (CSA1) was smaller (pTutkimuksessa verrattiin maatiais- ja yorkshire-sikarotuja keskenään määrittämällä histokemiallisesti longissimus-lihaksen lihassolutyyppien ominaisuuksia. Lisäksi selvitettiin histokemiallisten ominaisuuksien suhdetta eläimen kasvuun ja ruhon laatuun. Käsiteltävinä muuttujina olivat ikä, päiväkasvu, elopaino, teuraspaino, pH1,- ja pH2 -arvot, ulkofileen poikkipinta-ala sekä ruhon liha- ja rasvaprosentit. Lihassolut määritettiin myosiini ATPaasimenetelmällä ja luokiteltiin kolmeen ryhmään: I, lIA ja IIB. Lihassolujen lukumäärä laskettiin jakamalla fileen poikkipinta-ala keskimääräisellä lihassolun poikkipinta-alalla. Maatiaisen longissimus-lihaksessa oli tyypin 1 lihassolujen poikkipinta-ala pienempi ja tyypin IIB lihassolujen poikkipinta-ala suurempi kuin yorkshiren longissimus-lihaksessa. Leikkojen sessa tyypin IIB lihassolut olivat suurempia kuin imisien longissimus-lihaksessa. Rotuja sukupuoli eivät vaikuttaneet ulkofileen lihassolujen määriin. Maatiaisessa olivat alhaisempia kuin yorkshiressa. Imisissä oli ruhon lihamäärä suurempi ja rasvamäärä pienempi kuin leikoissa. Myös ulkofileen poikkipinta-ala oli imisissä suurempi kuin leikoissa. Eri eläinyksilöiden histokemialliset, kasvu ja ruhon laatuominaisuudet vaihtelivat paljon. Histokemialliset ominaisuudet eivät vaikuttaneet eläimen kasvuun ja ruhon laatuominaisuuksiin