Hubungan Kadar Albumin dan Enrofloksasin dalam Plasma Anjing yang Diterapi Enrofloksasin

Ikatan protein plasma terutama albumin dengan obat merupakan faktor penting yang harus dipertimbangan dalam terapi pada hewan. Hewan sakit umumnya mengalami hipoalbuminemia yang diakibatkan oleh kurangnya asupan nutrisi atau gangguan metabolisme protein pembentukan albumin akibat agen penyakit. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui hubungan kadar albumin pada pasien anjing yang sedang diterapi enrofloksasin dengan kadar enrofloksasin dalam plasma, untuk mengetahui seberapa besar persentase obat bebas yang memiliki nilai terapetik. Sampel darah diambil dari 10 pasien anjing dewasa berbagai ras satu jam setelah injeksi intra muskuler enrofloksasin dosis terapi (10 mg/kg berat badan) dan dimasukkan ke dalam tabung mengandung heparin. Sebagai pembanding juga dilakukan sampling darah terhadap 5 ekor anjing dewasa sehat berbagai ras untuk melihat kadar albumin dan kadar obat secara in vitro. Plasma diperoleh setelah proses sentrifugasi dan albumin diukur dengan metode bromcresolgreen serta kadar enrofloksasin diukur secara Kromatografi Cair Kinerja Tinggi. Hasil pengukuran kadar albumin menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan antara anjing sehat dan sakit yaitu 3,10 : 2,24 g/dL (P<0,05). Hasil pengukuran kadar enrofloksasin plasma anjing sakit menunjukkan rerata kadar 1,10 μg/mL, atau setara pada kadar albumin 1,7-2,6 g/dL pada uji kadar obat secara in vitro. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa semakin rendah kadar albumin maka kadar enrofloksasin yang terukur semakin tinggi, yang menunjukkan semakin rendah persentase ikatan albumin-obat

Reaksi Transfusi pada Kucing Hipoalbuminemia yang Diinfus dengan Human Serum Albumin 20%

Hipoalbuminemia umum terjadi pada hewan sakit yang dapat memperburuk kesembuhan beberapa penyakit karena berkorelasi dengan peningkatan morbiditas dan mortalitas. Infus human serum albumin 20% digunakan sebagai terapi suportif pada kasus hipoalbuminemia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui reaksi transfusi yang dihasilkan pada kucing hipoalbuminemia yang diinfus human serum albumin 20% berdasarkan hasil pemeriksaan fisik dan pengamatan tanda klinis. Hewan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kucing berbagai ras, dewasa umur 1-3 tahun, jantan maupun betina dengan kondisi hipoalbuminemia. Dilakukan pengambilan darah sebelum terapi dan penghitungan defisit kadar albumin. Larutan human serum albumin 20% diberikan melalui infus intravena dengan dosis tunggal selama 4-5 jam. Volume albumin yang diberikan dihitung menggunakan modifikasi rumus dan metode Hackner. Data hasil pengamatan reaksi transfusi yang dihasilkan pada kucing hipoalbuminemia dianalisis secara deskriptif. Pada kucing terjadi reaksi transfusi segera yang meliputi terjadinya peningkatan suhu rektal, aritmia jantung, ritme napas ireguler, tremor, dan kelemahan, yang umumnya teramati pada 1 jam pertama selama infus. Sementara itu, reaksi transfusi tertunda meliputi penurunan nafsu makan, kelemahan, edema perifer, erithema, kepincangan, ultikaria, lesi kulit, diare, dan inflamasi perivaskuler. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi infus human serum albumin 20% menghasilkan reaksi transfusi segera maupun tertunda yang teramati pada 8 ekor kucing. Tidak ditemui adanya reaksi merugikan yang parah selama aplikasi infus human serum albumin 20%

Kadar Malondialdehid Tikus Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 dengan Terapi Ekstrak Media Penumbuh Sel Punca Mesenkimal

Berbagai penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak media penumbuh sel punca mesenkimal (EMPSPM), tanpa sel punca itu sendiri, telah ditemukan terdapat berbagai faktor tropik hasil sekresi sel punca mesenkimal di dalam media kultur yang dapat meregenerasi jaringan yang rusak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran kadar malondialdehid (MDA) dalam plasma dan ginjal tikus diabetes melitus tipe 2 (DMT2) dengan terapi EMPSPM. Dua puluh lima ekor tikus wistar digunakan dalam penelitian ini dibagi menjadi 5 kelompok yaitu kelompok DMT2 + 0,05 ml/kg BB EMPSPM (0,05); kelompok DMT2 + 0,1 ml/kg BB EMPSPM (0,1); kelompok DMT2 + 0,2 ml/kg BB EMPSPM (0,2), kelompok kontrol DMT2 (DMT2), dan kelompok sehat (KS). Induksi DMT2 dengan menggunakan streptozotosin nikotinamid (STZ-NA). Terapi mulai dilakukan pada hari ke 7 setelah kondisi DM tercapai, diberikan 4 kali dengan selang waktu 7 hari secara intraperitoneal. Data kadar glukosa darah dan MDA dianalisi secara statistik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa induksi DMT2 dengan STZ-NA dapat menaikkan kadar glukosa dan MDA dalam darah (P<0,05). Terapi 0,05; 0,1; dan 0,2 ml/kg BB EMPSPM menunjukkan dapat menurunkan kadar glukosa darah, kadar MDA plasma dan ginjal (P<0,05). Kadar 0,2 ml/kg BB EMPSPM menunjukkan aktifitas lebih baik dalam menurunkan kadar glukosa darah dan MDA. Berdasarkan penelitian ini, EMPSPM dapat menurunkan kadar glukosa darah serta kadar MDA dalam darah dan ginjal tikus DMT2

STUDI MANAJEMEN OBAT DI RUMAH SAKIT HEWAN PROF. SOEPARWI UNIVERSITAS GADJAH MADA YOGYAKARTA PADA TAHUN 2009-2012

Hospital is health facilites that provide, give and use pharmaceutical drugs and medical equipment. Hospital study have been discussed before but veterinary hospital study have not been discussed yet. This study was conducted to give a portrait of drugs management used by Prof. Soeparwi Veterinary Hospital during 2009-2012 include selection process, procurement, distribution, and use with efficiency that looked from the perspective of general hospital management. This study were retrospective and concurent descriptive study. Retrospective data was taken during 2009-2012, while concurent data were from 2013. The data was qualitative and quantitative data. Qualitative data were obtained using depth interviews with related parties, while quantitatives data were obtained from survays on drugs, prescriptions and the director annual report. The taken data were analyzed using efficiency indicators from Department of Health Republic of Indonesia, Department of Agriculture, and WHO. The result indicated that a lot of factors according to the Department of Health, WHO and Department of Agriculture were match with the rules, such as the conformity of drugs with the rules, the conformity of drugs with stock card, and the precision of drugs distribution, which reach 100 %. The data of conformity of disease pattern and drugs availability, Turn Over Ratio and unmove stock were unable to collect. Procurement frequency dominated by low frequent drugs. Percentage of drugs budget 22.1- 27.6% during 2010-2012 . The drugs setting with First Expired First Out (FEFO) method. Percentage of damaged and expired drugs in 2012 were 2.1%. The average of services on the drugs were 11.9 minutes on ready drugs dan 16.7 minutes on pulveres drugs. The average of the drugs on a prescriptions, drugs percentage with generic named , percentage on prescription with antibiotics, percentage of injection prescription , percentage polifarmasi that high indicated there must be improvement in drugs management for the future at RSH Prof. Soeparw

Residu Deltamethrin Terlacak pada Hati Ayam Pedaging yang Dipasarkan di Yogyakarta (DETECTION OF DELTAMETHRIN RESIDUE IN BROILER LIVER TRADED IN YOGYAKARTA)

The consumer assurance to get safe, hygienic, whole, and halal food is an important concern. Analysisof chemical residue is one of some ways  to examine food safety. The objective of this research was to detectdeltamethrin residue in broiler liver sold in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The isocratic HPLC method was usedin this research, using Shimadzu 6.1, 80% of Acetonitrile in Aquabides as mobile phase, with 1ml/minutesof flow rate. C-18 was used as column and the wavelength of UV-Vis detector was 270 nm. The result of theresearch was get from HPLC’s analyses. Deltamethrin’s peak area would be presented in retention time 8-12minutes with specific profile of curve. The result of the research showed that deltamethrin was positivelydetected in 13 broiler livers. It’s concluded that broiler livers that sold in Yogyakarta are detected to containdeltamethrin-contaminated

Isolation, identification, and serotyping of Avibacterium paragallinarum from quails in Indonesia with typical infectious coryza disease symptoms

Background and Aim: Infectious coryza (IC) or snot is an infectious upper respiratory disease affecting chickens and birds, including quails, and it is caused by Avibacterium paragallinarum. The symptoms of IC are facial swelling, malodorous nasal discharge, and lacrimation. This study aimed to isolate, identify, and serotype the A. paragallinarum of snot in quails and to determine the sensitivity and resistance to several antibiotics. Materials and Methods: Nine quails from Yogyakarta, Indonesia with typical snot disease symptoms were used in this study. The nasal swab was obtained and directly streaked onto a chocolate agar plate and blood agar plate (BAP), then incubated in 5% CO2 at 37°C for 24-48 h. Staphylococcus spp. was cross-streaked onto the BAP to show the satellite growth. The observation of the morphology of the suspected colony, Gram staining, and biochemical tests (catalase test, oxidase test, urease test, peptone test, and carbohydrate fermentation such as maltose, mannitol, lactose, and sorbitol) are done to identify the species of bacteria. This research also detects the serovar of A. paragallinarum using hemagglutination inhibition test. The antibiotic sensitivity tests were also performed using several antibiotics against five A. paragallinarum isolates that were cultured on Mueller-Hinton Agar and added with antibiotic discs, then incubated in 5% CO2 at 37°C for 24-48 h. Results: Five isolates out of nine suspected isolates (55.5%) were A. paragallinarum. The growth of isolates from quails did not depend on the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) (NAD-independent). Sensitivity test was done using the five identified A. paragallinarum isolates, results showed that they were 100% sensitive to amoxicillin (AMC) and ampicillin (AMP); 100% resistant toward amikacin (AK), erythromycin (E), gentamycin (CN), and tetracycline (TE); 80% resistant toward kanamycin (K) and trimethoprim (W); 60% resistant toward chloramphenicol (C); and 20% toward enrofloxacin (ENR). The antibiotics that have an intermediate sensitivity (in between sensitive and resistant) were ENR and K, 80% and 20%, respectively. Three out of five A. paragallinarum isolates were identified as serovar B of A. paragallinarum using HI test. Conclusion: Five out of nine isolates (55.5%) from quails with typical IC disease symptoms identified as A. paragallinarum and sensitive toward AMC and AMP. Three out of five A. paragallinarum isolates were identified as serovar B

The Effect of Colistin Administration as Medicated Feed on Alanine Aminotransferase and Creatinine Level in Broiler Infected with

Colistin is a decapeptide antibiotic with narrow spectrum activity, mainly used as treatment for Gram negative bacteria. This study aims to scientifically determine the effect of colistin administration as medicated feed on alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and creatinine level in broiler infected with Escherichia coli. KTOP group as positive control, KTON group as negative control, while I, II, and III groups were infected with Escherichia coli 1 x 108 CFU/ml 0.1 ml via intratracheal route. Group I, II, and III were given colistin treatment dosage of 0.3 g/kg food, 0.6 g/kg food, and 1.2 g/kg food. Blood samples were taken through brachial veins for ALT and creatinine examination with a Caretium NB-201 semi-auto chemistry analyzer. Data were examined statistically using IBM SPSS Statistics 24 software and graphically using Microsoft Excel 365. Conclusion of the research by statistical analysis with Kruskal-Wallis test obtained ALT test results P = 0.147 and creatinine test results P = 0.815. Based on the results of this study, the administration of colistin medicated feed did not cause a significant effect on ALT and creatinine level in broiler infected with Escherichia coli, indicating that colistin has low potential toxicity while given as medicated feed