2 research outputs found
A talajminĹ‘sĂ©g javĂtás Ă©s fenntartás talajhasználati alapjai = Land use bases for soil quality improvement and maintenance
A talajminĹ‘sĂ©g javĂtás Ă©s fenntartás talajhasználati alapjait talajminĹ‘sĂ©g-klĂma kĂsĂ©rletben, tarlĂł-klĂma kĂsĂ©rletben, továbbá eltĂ©rĹ‘ termĹ‘helyeken, monitorozással tanulmányoztuk. Ă–sszefĂĽggĂ©st állapĂtottunk meg a talajminĹ‘sĂ©g romlás Ă©s a káros klĂmahatás mĂ©rtĂ©ke között. A gyökĂ©rzĂłna művelĂ©si hiba által korlátozott lazultságát, a vĂzforgalmat gátlĂł tömör rĂ©teg felszĂn közeli elhelyezkedĂ©sĂ©t, a tömör rĂ©teg kiterjedĂ©sĂ©t, a talajszerkezet romlását, a felszĂnvĂ©delem hiányát minĹ‘sĂ©g rontĂł tĂ©nyezĹ‘nek Ă©rtĂ©keltĂĽk. Kidolgoztuk a talajminĹ‘sĂ©g kĂmĂ©lĂ©s művelĂ©si fogásait. A talajminĹ‘sĂ©g javulás alapvetĹ‘ talajhasználati tĂ©nyezĹ‘i közĂ© tartozik a lazult rĂ©teg optimális mĂ©lysĂ©ge, a morzsakĂmĂ©lĂ©s, pozitĂv nedvessĂ©g mĂ©rleg fenntartása, a felszĂntakarás a kritikus idĹ‘szakban, a szĂ©nkĂmĂ©lĂ©s, az aktĂv földigiliszta tevĂ©kenysĂ©g, a jĂł tápanyag ellátottság Ă©s az egĂ©szsĂ©ges növĂ©nyi termĂ©k előállĂtását garantálĂł vĂ©delem. Ăšj kihĂvás a vĂz- Ă©s szĂ©nkĂmĂ©lĂ©s, feltĂ©tele a kĂmĂ©lĹ‘ művelĂ©s, a szervesanyag reciklikáciĂł, a hĹ‘-stressz enyhĂtĂ©s, Ă©s a felszĂn vĂ©delem. Ă–sszefĂĽggĂ©st találtunk a talajminĹ‘sĂ©g vĂ©delem Ă©s a klĂmakár szintje között. BizonyĂtottuk a kĂmĂ©lĹ‘ talajhasználat komplex hatását a talaj- Ă©s a környezet minĹ‘sĂ©g javulásában Ă©s a klĂmakár enyhĂtĂ©sĂ©ben. A kutatás keretĂ©ben Ăşj fogalmakat alkottunk: hĹ‘-stressz, csapadĂ©k stressz, klĂma stressz, klĂma kockázat, klĂmakár, klĂmakár csökkentĹ‘ talajművelĂ©s, vĂz-Ă©s szĂ©nvesztĹ‘ művelĂ©s, vĂz- Ă©s szĂ©nkĂmĂ©lĹ‘ művelĂ©s. | Land use bases of the soil quality improvement and maintenance were studied in soil quality-climate and stubble-climate trials, and in different arable sites. Close correlation was stated between soil quality deterioration and the level of climate damage. The quality deterioration factors were: looseness of root zone limiting by tillage defect, occurrence of water transport limiting compacted layer, extension of compacted layer, soil structure deterioration and clean surface. Factors affecting soil quality improvement were elaborated that are optimal depth of the loosen layer, aggregate and carbon conservation, maintaining a positive water balance, surface cover during critical periods, good activity of the earthworms, optimal nutrient supply and crop protection guaranteeing a health food production. New challenge is the water and carbon conservation, basing on aggregate conservation tillage, organic matter recycling, heat-stress alleviation and surface mulching. Close correlation was found between level of soil quality conservation and climate damage. Complex effect of the conservation land use on soil and environment quality and climate damage mitigation were also proved. New terms were created due to research, as follows: heat-stress, rain stress, climate stress, climate risk, climate damage, climate damage mitigation tillage, water and carbon loss tillage, water and carbon conservation tillage
Rutin in buckwheat grain meal determined by UV photoacoustic spectroscopy and HPLC
A relatively novel approach for easy and quick determination of rutin in buckwheat grain is suggested. The rutin content of the grain in seven common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum) and six Tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum) varieties was investigated by means of UV photoacoustic spectroscopy and HPLC as reference method. The lowest content was found in 'Botan' and 'Bamby' varieties, while the highest values were obtained in the variety 'Emka'. Rutin content in grain of all Tartary buckwheat varieties was two orders of magnitude higher than in the other varieties. Rutin content in F. esculentum ranges between 9 and 36 mg/100 g dry weight as compared to 921 to 2 132 mg/100 g dry weight in F. tataricum. The UV photoacoustic spectroscopy data show rather good correlations of R2=0.977 and R2=0.980 with values obtained by HPLC data for all measured samples. Therefore, UV photoacoustic spectroscopy can be a cheap and quick method for determining rutin content in buckwheat grain