Rotulagem de suplementos hidroeletrolíticos para atletas : adequabilidade segundo RDC 18/2010

Monografia (graduação)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Departamento de Nutrição, 2015.O presente estudo é uma pesquisa descritiva de caráter exploratório, com o objetivo de avaliar o rótulo de suplementos hidroeletrolíticos para atletas comercializados em Brasília- DF, frente a atual legislação nacional de rotulagem. O rótulo é o principal meio de comunicação entre a indústria e o consumidor e deve conter informações fidedignas. A amostra de suplementos hidroeletrolíticos para atletas (n=13) foi avaliada de acordo com os critérios de rotulagem e composição publicados pela ANVISA na resolução RDC 18/2010, a partir da leitura dos rótu-los. Neste estudo, 93% dos suplementos hidroeletrolíticos para atletas descumpriram ao menos um item de rotulagem e somente um suplemento está conforme em todos os critérios de rotu-lagem exigidos pela RDC 18/2010. As inadequações mais encontradas nos rótulos estiveram relacionadas à frase obrigatória (9 suplementos) e a designação do produto (9 suplementos) sendo necessários mais esforços para reverter essa situação que, em longo prazo, pode gerar despesas altas para o serviço público de saúde assim como as doenças crônicas não transmis-síveis (DCNT). Portanto, conclui-se que a maioria dos suplementos hidroeletrolíticos para atletas comercializados em Brasília apresentam ideias distorcidas, contribuem para confundir o consumidor, não sofrem ações contundentes do órgão competente para serem retirados do mercado e permanecem sem fiscalização

Unraveling Amazon tree community assembly using Maximum Information Entropy: a quantitative analysis of tropical forest ecology

In a time of rapid global change, the question of what determines patterns in species abundance distribution remains a priority for understanding the complex dynamics of ecosystems. The constrained maximization of information entropy provides a framework for the understanding of such complex systems dynamics by a quantitative analysis of important constraints via predictions using least biased probability distributions. We apply it to over two thousand hectares of Amazonian tree inventories across seven forest types and thirteen functional traits, representing major global axes of plant strategies. Results show that constraints formed by regional relative abundances of genera explain eight times more of local relative abundances than constraints based on directional selection for specific functional traits, although the latter does show clear signals of environmental dependency. These results provide a quantitative insight by inference from large-scale data using cross-disciplinary methods, furthering our understanding of ecological dynamics

Unraveling Amazon tree community assembly using Maximum Information Entropy: a quantitative analysis of tropical forest ecology

In a time of rapid global change, the question of what determines patterns in species abundance distribution remains a priority for understanding the complex dynamics of ecosystems. The constrained maximization of information entropy provides a framework for the understanding of such complex systems dynamics by a quantitative analysis of important constraints via predictions using least biased probability distributions. We apply it to over two thousand hectares of Amazonian tree inventories across seven forest types and thirteen functional traits, representing major global axes of plant strategies. Results show that constraints formed by regional relative abundances of genera explain eight times more of local relative abundances than constraints based on directional selection for specific functional traits, although the latter does show clear signals of environmental dependency. These results provide a quantitative insight by inference from large-scale data using cross-disciplinary methods, furthering our understanding of ecological dynamics

Global, regional, and national burden of disorders affecting the nervous system, 1990–2021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021

BackgroundDisorders affecting the nervous system are diverse and include neurodevelopmental disorders, late-life neurodegeneration, and newly emergent conditions, such as cognitive impairment following COVID-19. Previous publications from the Global Burden of Disease, Injuries, and Risk Factor Study estimated the burden of 15 neurological conditions in 2015 and 2016, but these analyses did not include neurodevelopmental disorders, as defined by the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-11, or a subset of cases of congenital, neonatal, and infectious conditions that cause neurological damage. Here, we estimate nervous system health loss caused by 37 unique conditions and their associated risk factors globally, regionally, and nationally from 1990 to 2021.MethodsWe estimated mortality, prevalence, years lived with disability (YLDs), years of life lost (YLLs), and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), with corresponding 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs), by age and sex in 204 countries and territories, from 1990 to 2021. We included morbidity and deaths due to neurological conditions, for which health loss is directly due to damage to the CNS or peripheral nervous system. We also isolated neurological health loss from conditions for which nervous system morbidity is a consequence, but not the primary feature, including a subset of congenital conditions (ie, chromosomal anomalies and congenital birth defects), neonatal conditions (ie, jaundice, preterm birth, and sepsis), infectious diseases (ie, COVID-19, cystic echinococcosis, malaria, syphilis, and Zika virus disease), and diabetic neuropathy. By conducting a sequela-level analysis of the health outcomes for these conditions, only cases where nervous system damage occurred were included, and YLDs were recalculated to isolate the non-fatal burden directly attributable to nervous system health loss. A comorbidity correction was used to calculate total prevalence of all conditions that affect the nervous system combined.FindingsGlobally, the 37 conditions affecting the nervous system were collectively ranked as the leading group cause of DALYs in 2021 (443 million, 95% UI 378–521), affecting 3·40 billion (3·20–3·62) individuals (43·1%, 40·5–45·9 of the global population); global DALY counts attributed to these conditions increased by 18·2% (8·7–26·7) between 1990 and 2021. Age-standardised rates of deaths per 100 000 people attributed to these conditions decreased from 1990 to 2021 by 33·6% (27·6–38·8), and age-standardised rates of DALYs attributed to these conditions decreased by 27·0% (21·5–32·4). Age-standardised prevalence was almost stable, with a change of 1·5% (0·7–2·4). The ten conditions with the highest age-standardised DALYs in 2021 were stroke, neonatal encephalopathy, migraine, Alzheimer's disease and other dementias, diabetic neuropathy, meningitis, epilepsy, neurological complications due to preterm birth, autism spectrum disorder, and nervous system cancer.InterpretationAs the leading cause of overall disease burden in the world, with increasing global DALY counts, effective prevention, treatment, and rehabilitation strategies for disorders affecting the nervous system are needed

Second-Neighbor Hopping Effects in the Two-Dimensional Attractive Hubbard Model

The emergence of superconductivity (SC) in lattice models, such as the attractive Hubbard one, has renewed interest since the realization of cold-atom experiments. However, reducing the temperature in these experiments is a bottleneck; therefore, investigating how to increase the energy scale for SC is crucial to cold atoms. In view of this, we examine the effects of next-nearest-neighbor hoppings (t′) on the pairing properties of the attractive Hubbard model in a square lattice. To this end, we analyze the model through unbiased Quantum Monte Carlo simulations for fixed density n=0.87, and perform finite-size scaling analysis to the thermodynamic limit. As our main result, we notice that the existence of further hopping channels leads to an enhancement of the pairing correlations, which, in turn, increases the ground-state order parameter Δ. Finally, at finite temperatures, for t′/t≠0, this enhancement of pairing correlations leads to an increase in the critical temperature Tc. That is, the fine-tuning of second-neighbor hoppings increases the energy scales for SC, and may be a route by which cold-atom experiments can achieve such a phase and to help us further understand the nature of this phenomenon

Critical revision of the medical treatment of gout in Brazil

ABSTRACT Gout is considered the most common form of inflammatory arthritis in men over 40 years. The authors present a brief review of the current treatment of gout and discuss the existing pharmacological limitations in Brazil for the treatment of this disease. Although allopurinol is still the main drug administered for decreasing serum levels of uric acid in gout patients in this country, the authors also present data that show a great opportunity for the Brazilian drug market for the treatment of hyperuricemia and gout and especially for patients using private and public (SUS) health care systems

Valor nutricional de frações da parte aérea de quatro variedades de mandioca Valor nutricional de frações da parte aérea de quatro variedades de mandioca

The purpose of the word was to evaluate the nutritional value of fresh forage of different shoot fractions of four cassava varieties grown in the North of Minas Gerais. The experiment was carried out at the Experimental Farm of UNIMONTES, located in Janaúba district. A complete randomized block design was used with 4 x 3 factorial , with four replications and four cassava varieties (“Amarelinha”, “Olho Roxo”, “Periquita” and “Sabará”) and three forms of shoot exploitation (Whole Plant, Superior Third, Remains of Planting). When the roots were picked, it was also collected fresh material samples from the different varieties and shoot fractions, and taken to the laboratory so that analyses could be made for determination of nutritional value. The variety “Sabará” stood presenting the greatest total digestible nutrients content. The varieties “Sabará” and “Periquita” showed a lower fraction C content in the fractionization of carbohydrates and greater content of Fraction B2 of carbohydrates. The values of total digestible nutrients were similar for the different shoot fractions of cassava. The whole plant fraction stood out as for total carbohydrates content and as for the lowest lignin content, which influenced directly the low fraction C content and the largest fraction B2 content of carbohydrates. It is possible to concluded that the shoot of “Sabará” and “Periquita” varieties showe the best results in the nutritional evaluation.Objetivou-se avaliar o valor nutricional da forragem fresca de diferentes frações da parte aérea de quatro variedades de mandioca cultivadas no Norte de Minas Gerais. O experimento foi conduzido na Fazenda Experimental da UNIMONTES, localizada no município de Janaúba. Utilizou-se um delineamento em blocos casualizados, com esquema fatorial 4 x 3, com quatro repetições, quatro variedades de mandioca (Amarelinha, Olho Roxo, Periquita e Sabará) e três formas de aproveitamento da parte aérea (Planta Inteira, Terço Superior e Sobras de Plantio). No momento de colheita das raízes foram colhidas amostras de material fresco das diferentes variedades e frações da parte aérea e encaminhadas ao laboratório para que fossem feitas analises para a determinação do valor nutricional. A variedade Sabará se destacou, uma vez que apresentou um maior teor de nutrientes digestíveis totais. As variedades Sabará e Periquita apresentaram um baixo teor de lignina com consequente menor valor da fração C no fracionamento de carboidratos e maiores teores da fração B2. Os valores de nutrientes digestíveis totais foram semelhantes para as diferentes frações da parte aérea da mandioca. A fração planta inteira se destacou quanto ao teor de carboidratos totais e quanto ao menor teor de lignina, fato que influenciou diretamente o baixo teor da fração C e o maior teor da fração B2 de carboidratos. Conclui-se que a parte aérea das variedades Sabará e Periquita se destacaram por apresentarem os melhores resultados na avaliação nutricional

América Latina interdisciplinar e plural: Territórios em disputa: línguas, memórias e identidades

Coleção 'América Latina Interdisciplinar e Plural' contempla trabalhos de discentes, docentes, egressos(as) e convidados(as) externos(as) do Programa de Pós-Graduação Interdisciplinar em Estudos Latino-Americanos (PPGIELA) da Universidade Federal da Integração Latino-Americana (UNILA).Livro financiado com recursos do PROAP-UNILA