Kommunikasjon om seksuell helse

Sammendrag Bakgrunn Gynekologisk kreft fører ofte til komplikasjoner som påvirker den seksuelle helsen. Sykepleiere står i posisjon til å hjelpe disse pasientene til å håndtere seksuelle helseutfordringer. Hensikt Hensikten med denne oppgaven er å belyse betydningen av kommunikasjon i forbindelse med ivaretakelse av gynekologiske kreftpasienters seksuelle helse. Metode Metoden som ble benyttet er en integrativ litteraturoversikt hvor seks vitenskapelige artikler ble analysert. Resultatene fra artiklene, relevant teori og egne refleksjoner utgjør grunnlaget for resultatene. Resultater Flere sykepleiere unngår samtaler om seksuell helse med pasienter grunnet egne følelser, antagelser og fordommer. Avdelingenes organisering, mangel på tid og mangel på retningslinjer er også en påvirkende faktor. Pasientene ønsker mer informasjon om hvilken effekt behandlingen har for deres seksuelle helse. De ønsker at helsepersonell skal ta initiativ til denne dialogen

Skandia-grisen & ICA-Stig

Syftet med uppsatsen är att analysera hur företag kan använda humor i reklam för att återfå konsumenternas positiva attityd. Vilken betydelse en produkts engageringsgrad har för att återfå konsumenters positiva attityd i relation till humoristisk reklam. Detta behandlas utifrån fallföretagen Skandia och ICA. Bidra till förståelse samt belysa sambandet mellan humoristisk reklam, konsumenters attityd samt hög- och lågengagemangsprodukter. Uppsatsen utgår ifrån ett deduktivt angreppssätt och bygger på två fallföretag. Vi använder oss av både kvantitativ och kvalitativ metod i form av en enkätundersökning samt semistrukturerade intervjuer. Det teoretiska ramverket för uppsatsen består av reklam, humor, varumärke, attityd, FCB-modellen samt Reed och Ewings kommunikationsmodell. Vårt empiriska material utgörs av sekundärdata om fallföretagen Skandia och ICA, enkätundersökning samt intervjuer med personer inom reklambranschen. Vårt resultat blev följande: Om en produkt är hög- eller lågengagerande är individuellt. Företag bör ha i åtanke vilken typ av produkt reklaminslaget ska representera då olika produkter endast är lämpliga med viss typ av humor. Tiden är en viktig faktor för att återfå konsumenters positiva attityd efter en skandal samt även produktkategorin avgör hur lätt det är att återfå den positiva attityden

Interaction of Iron Homeostasis and Fatty Acid Metabolism in the Development of Glucose Intolerance in Women with Previous Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

A gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) diagnosis during pregnancy means an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes later in life. By following up with women after GDM we aimed to examine the relationship between iron parameters, individual fatty acids (FAs) and desaturases in the development of impaired glucose metabolism (IGM). Based on an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), six years after GDM, 157 women were grouped as having normal glucose tolerance (NGT) or IGM. Fasting serum FAs, activity of desaturases and iron parameters (ferritin, transferrin, iron, soluble transferrin receptor, total iron binding capacity, hepcidin) were measured, and clinical and anthropometric measurements taken. Soluble transferrin receptor was higher in the IGM group compared to the NGT group (3.87 vs. 3.29 mg/L, p-value = 0.023) and associated positively with saturated FAs and negatively with monounsaturated FAs in the IGM group (adjusted for BMI, age and high sensitivity C-reactive protein; p-value < 0.05). Iron, as well as transferrin saturation, showed a positive association with MUFAs and desaturase activity. These associations were not seen in the NGT group. These results suggest that iron homeostasis and FA metabolism interact in the development of glucose intolerance in women with previous GDM

Lower Non-Heme Iron Absorption in Healthy Females from Single Meals with Texturized Fava Bean Protein Compared to Beef and Cod Protein Meals: Two Single-Blinded Randomized Trials

Meat analogs based on plant protein extracts are rising in popularity as meat consumption declines. A dietary shift away from meat, which has a high iron bioavailability, may have a negative effect on the amount of iron absorbed from the diet. Iron absorption from legumes cultivated in regions not suitable for soy production, such as fava bean, has not yet been explored. The aim of this study was to evaluate non-heme iron absorption from a meal with texturized fava bean protein compared to beef and cod protein meals. The study included two single-blinded iron isotope trials in healthy Swedish women of the ages 18–45 years, each of whom served as their own control. The participants were served matched test meals containing beef and fava bean protein (Study 1) or cod and fava bean protein (Study 2) with radiolabeled non-heme iron\ua055Fe and\ua059Fe. The absorption of non-heme iron from test meals was measured by whole-body counting and erythrocyte incorporation. The absorption of non-heme iron, measured as erythrocyte incorporation ratio, from beef protein meal was 4.2 times higher compared to texturized fava bean meal, and absorption from cod protein meal was 2.7 times higher compared to the fava bean meal. The adjusted non-heme iron absorption, normalized to a 40% reference dose uptake, was 9.2% for cod protein meal, 21.7% for beef protein meal, and 4.2% for texturized fava bean meal. A fava bean protein meal has markedly lower iron bioavailability in healthy females compared with a meal of beef or cod protein. Therefore, a dietary shift from meat and fish protein to fava bean protein may increase the risk of iron deficiency

Low-phytate wholegrain bread instead of high-phytate wholegrain bread in a total diet context did not improve iron status of healthy Swedish females: a 12-week, randomized, parallel-design intervention study

Purpose To investigate the effects of eating wholegrain rye bread with high or low amounts of phytate on iron status inwomen under free-living conditions.Methods In this 12-week, randomized, parallel-design intervention study, 102 females were allocated into two groups, ahigh-phytate-bread group or a low-phytate-bread group. These two groups were administered: 200 g of blanched wholegrainrye bread/day, or 200 g dephytinized wholegrain rye bread/day. The bread was administered in addition to their habitual dailydiet. Iron status biomarkers and plasma alkylresorcinols were analyzed at baseline and post-intervention.Results Fifty-five females completed the study. In the high-phytate-bread group (n = 31) there was no change in any of theiron status biomarkers after 12 weeks of intervention (p > 0.05). In the low-phytate bread group (n = 24) there were significantdecreases in both ferritin (mean = 12%; from 32 \ub1 7 to 27 \ub1 6 μg/L, geometric mean \ub1 SEM, p < 0.018) and total body iron(mean = 12%; from 6.9 \ub1 1.4 to 5.4 \ub1 1.1 mg/kg, p < 0.035). Plasma alkylresorcinols indicated that most subjects compliedwith the intervention.Conclusions In Swedish females of reproductive age, 12 weeks of high-phytate wholegrain bread consumption had no effecton iron status. However, consumption of low-phytate wholegrain bread for 12 weeks resulted in a reduction of markers ofiron status. Although single-meal studies clearly show an increase in iron bioavailability from dephytinization of cereals,medium-term consumption of reduced phytate bread under free-living conditions suggests that this strategy does not workto improve iron status in healthy women of reproductive age

The viral protein corona directs viral pathogenesis and amyloid aggregation

Artificial nanoparticles accumulate a protein corona layer in biological fluids, which significantly influences their bioactivity. As nanosized obligate intracellular parasites, viruses share many biophysical properties with artificial nanoparticles in extracellular environments and here we show that respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) accumulate a rich and distinctive protein corona in different biological fluids. Moreover, we show that corona pre-coating differentially affects viral infectivity and immune cell activation. In addition, we demonstrate that viruses bind amyloidogenic peptides in their corona and catalyze amyloid formation via surface-assisted heterogeneous nucleation. Importantly, we show that HSV-1 catalyzes the aggregation of the amyloid beta-peptide (A beta(42)), a major constituent of amyloid plaques in Alzheimer's disease, in vitro and in animal models. Our results highlight the viral protein corona as an acquired structural layer that is critical for viral-host interactions and illustrate a mechanistic convergence between viral and amyloid pathologies.Peer reviewe

Robust T cell immunity in convalescent individuals with asymptomatic or mild COVID-19

SARS-CoV-2-specific memory T cells will likely prove critical for long-term immune protection against COVID-19. Here, we systematically mapped the functional and phenotypic landscape of SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell responses in unexposed individuals, exposed family members, and individuals with acute or convalescent COVID-19. Acute-phase SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells displayed a highly activated cytotoxic phenotype that correlated with various clinical markers of disease severity, whereas convalescent-phase SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells were polyfunctional and displayed a stem-like memory phenotype. Importantly, SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells were detectable in antibody-seronegative exposed family members and convalescent individuals with a history of asymptomatic and mild COVID-19. Our collective dataset shows that SARS-CoV-2 elicits broadly directed and functionally replete memory T cell responses, suggesting that natural exposure or infection may prevent recurrent episodes of severe COVID-19

Hidden chromosomal abnormalities in pleuropulmonary blastomas identified by multiplex FISH

BACKGROUND: Pleuropulmonary blastoma (PPB) is a rare childhood dysontogenetic intrathoracic neoplasm associated with an unfavourable clinical behaviour. CASES PRESENTATION: We report pathological and cytogenetic findings in two cases of PPB at initial diagnosis and recurrence. Both tumors were classified as type III pneumoblastoma and histological findings were similar at diagnosis and relapse. In both cases, conventional cytogenetic techniques revealed complex numerical and structural chromosomal abnormalities. Molecular cytogenetic analysis (interphase/metaphase FISH and multicolor FISH) identified accurately chromosomal aberrations. In one case, TP53 gene deletion was detected on metaphase FISH. To date, only few cytogenetic data have been published about PPB. CONCLUSION: The PPB genetic profile remains to be established and compared to others embryonal neoplasia. Our cytogenetic data are discussed reviewing cytogenetics PPBs published cases, illustrating the contribution of multicolor FISH in order to identify pathogenetically important recurrent aberrations in PPB