The promise of microRNA-based therapies in Alzheimer's disease: challenges and perspectives

Multi-pathway approaches for the treatment of complex polygenic disorders are emerging as alternatives to classical monotarget therapies and microRNAs are of particular interest in that regard. MicroRNA research has come a long way from their initial discovery to the cumulative appreciation of their regulatory potential in healthy and diseased brain. However, systematic interrogation of putative therapeutic or toxic effects of microRNAs in (models of) Alzheimer’s disease is currently missing and fundamental research findings are yet to be translated into clinical applications. Here, we review the literature to summarize the knowledge on microRNA regulation in Alzheimer’s pathophysiology and to critically discuss whether and to what extent these increasing insights can be exploited for the development of microRNA-based therapeutics in the clinic

Effects of Cadmium (Cd) on Dry Matter and on Cd Concentration in Leaves and Roots of Purple Coneflower (Echinacea purpurea L.)

The aim of this research was to examine the effect of Cd on leaves dry matter (LDM), root dry matter (RDM) and on Cd concentration in leaves (Cd-leaves) and roots (Cd-roots) of purple coneflower (E. purpurea) grown in an acid and in a neutral substrate. A completely randomized block design with four treatments (0-control, 1, 2, and 5 mg Cd L-1) and six replications for each treatment and each substrate (acid, neutral) was conducted in pot experiments. Cd concentration in leaves grown in acid substrate as well as in roots of plants grown in neutral substrate increased at Cd rates greater than 2 mg Cd L-1. Cd concentration in roots of the plants grown in neutral substrate raised with increasing doses of Cd. In general Cd concentration in the roots and leaves of purple coneflower grown either in acid or in neutral substrate was affected by Cd applications

Approaches and interventions of the Biblioteca Nacional Mariano Moreno de la República Argentina with respect to RDA: 2012-2017

Se describen las acciones que la Biblioteca Nacional Mariano Moreno de la República Argentina (BNMM) desarrolló con respecto a RDA, desde 2012 hasta 2017. Se informa sobre la creación del Grupo de Trabajo sobre RDA y su desenvolvimiento entre 2012 y 2015. En primer lugar, se detalla el análisis del modelo FRBR y la elaboración de ejemplos de aplicación a obras emblemáticas de la literatura argentina. En segundo lugar, se da cuenta de la metodología seguida y los hallazgos que resultaron del análisis de RDA en relación con AACR2, ISBD y FRBR. Se detalla la elaboración de metadatos con AACR2 y RDA en español de manifestaciones vinculadas con obras de ficción argentinas. Se describe el proyecto actual de traducción al español del material de entrenamiento sobre RDA elaborado y almacenado por Library of Congress (LC), aprobado por ABINIA (Asociación de Bibliotecas Nacionales de Iberoamerica), dirigido y coordinado por BNMM, que cuenta con la participación de las Bibliotecas Nacionales de Chile, de Colombia y de España y la consultoría de LC. Se concluye con una reflexión acerca de los pasos dados por BNMM y las enseñanzas que dicho recorrido arrojó en cuanto a la transición emprendida con respecto a RDA.This article describes actions developed by the Biblioteca Nacional Mariano Moreno de la República Argentina (BNMM) in relation to RDA, between 2012 and 2017. It informs about the creation of the Grupo de Trabajo sobre RDA and the actions developed between 2012 and 2015. Firstly, it describes FRBR model analysis and the elaboration of some examples applied to some Argentinian fiction works. Secondly, it outlines a methodology and the findings of RDA analysis in relation to AACR2, ISBD and FRBR.  It describes the project directed and coordinated by BNMM, which translates into Spanish RDA training material elaborated and stored by the Library of Congress (LC). This project was approved by ABINIA (Asociación de Bibliotecas Nacionales de Iberoamérica) and it encompasses the cooperation of the National Libraries of Chile, Colombia and Spain. It concludes with a reflection of actions followed by BNMM and lessons learned about transition followed with respect to RDA

Aproximaciones e intervenciones de la Biblioteca Nacional Mariano Moreno de la República Argentina con respecto a RDA 2012-2017

This article describes actions developed by the Biblioteca Nacional Mariano Moreno de la República Argentina (BNMM) in relation to RDA, between 2012 and 2017. It informs about the creation of the Grupo de Trabajo sobre RDA and the actions developed between 2012 and 2015. Firstly, it describes FRBR model analysis and the elaboration of some examples applied to some Argentinian fiction works. Secondly, it outlines a methodology and the findings of RDA analysis in relation to AACR2, ISBD and FRBR. It describes the project directed and coordinated by BNMM, which translates into Spanish RDA training material elaborated and stored by the Library of Congress (LC). This project was approved by ABINIA (Asociación de Bibliotecas Nacionales de Iberoamérica) and it encompasses the cooperation of the National Libraries of Chile, Colombia and Spain. It concludes with a reflection of actions followed by BNMM and lessons learned about transition followed with respect to RDA

Aproximaciones e intervenciones de la Biblioteca Nacional Mariano Moreno de la República Argentina con respecto a RDA 2012-2017

This article describes actions developed by the Biblioteca Nacional Mariano Moreno de la República Argentina (BNMM) in relation to RDA, between 2012 and 2017. It informs about the creation of the Grupo de Trabajo sobre RDA and the actions developed between 2012 and 2015. Firstly, it describes FRBR model analysis and the elaboration of some examples applied to some Argentinian fiction works. Secondly, it outlines a methodology and the findings of RDA analysis in relation to AACR2, ISBD and FRBR. It describes the project directed and coordinated by BNMM, which translates into Spanish RDA training material elaborated and stored by the Library of Congress (LC). This project was approved by ABINIA (Asociación de Bibliotecas Nacionales de Iberoamérica) and it encompasses the cooperation of the National Libraries of Chile, Colombia and Spain. It concludes with a reflection of actions followed by BNMM and lessons learned about transition followed with respect to RDA

Response of St John’s wort (Hypericum empetrifolium) plants to cadmium (Cd) treatment in relation to substrate acidity/alkalinity

The effect of cadmium (Cd) on growth and Cd accumulation in shoots and roots St John’s wort (Hypericum empetrifolium) was studied over three months in a greenhouse. Plants were cultivated in pots containing a uniform mixture of either acid or alkaline substrate consisting of peat and perlite (1:1 v/v). The pots were arranged in a completely randomized block design within two groups (acid substrate and alkaline substrate) with four Cd treatments (0-control, 1, 2, and 5 mg Cd L-1) and six replicates per treatment. Cadmium was applied as CdSO4*8/3H2O. The total amount of Cd applied per pot was 260 ml, corresponding to 0.26, 0.52, and 1.3 mg Cd per pot for doses 1, 2, and 5 mg L-1, respectively. No visual symptoms of toxicity or nutrient deficiency, as well as no differences in plant height were observed in response to Cd application, irrespective of the growth stage or substrate. There were also no differences in height development rate between the plants grown in an acidic or alkaline substrate. Cd accumulation in shoots and roots increased with increasing concentrations of applied Cd and was higher in the acidic substrate. Thus, St John’s wort plant is a Cd accumulator, especially in an acidic environment, and this in combination with its high tolerance to Cd, makes it a suitable species to remove Cd from cadmium-contaminated sites. However, for its use in the preparation of medical products, St John’s wort must be grown in a Cd-free soil so as not to pose a risk to human health. Cd extraction by (DTPA-TEA) can be employed to predict Cd accumulation in this plant

Phytosterols in frying oils: evaluation of their absorption in pre-fried potatoes and determination of their destruction kinetics after repeated deep and pan frying

AbstractThe levels of β-sitosterol and total phytosterols were monitored in pre-fried potatoes during eight successive pan- and deep-frying sessions in five different commercial frying oils (virgin olive oil, sunflower oil, palm oil, cottonseed oil and vegetable shortening oil). The amount of these constituents that were transferred from the frying oils to the potatoes at the end of each frying session was determined prior and after frying by GC/FID. Except for the potato enrichment with phytosterols, the kinetics of the destruction of β-sitosterol and total phytosterols, mainly due to thermal oxidation of the oils, were evaluated for each of the five different types of oil. The experiments showed that in most cases the destruction of both β-sitosterols and total phytosterols followed first order kinetics with quite good correlation coefficients (R>0.92) and the reaction constant k was found to be at the range of 0.004 - 0.028min-1. Concerning the absorption of the two types of phytosterols in the fried potatoes during frying, they were found to be at the range (average) of 0.4-27% of their initial content in the oil at the beginning of each frying process (eight frying processes/session), depending on the type of oil and the constituent

Corrosion protection of hot dip galvanized steel in mortar

Corrosion of steel in concrete is one of the major causes of structure degradation, requiring expensive maintenance. The using of hot dip galvanized steel (HDGS) has been recognized as one effective measure to increase the service life of reinforced concrete structures in marine environmental. However, HDGS corrodes in contact with high alkaline environment of fresh concrete. Although this initial corrosion process allows the formation of a protecting layer barrier, the corrosion that occurs initially is harmful and chromate conversion layers are usually used to prevent it. Due to toxicity of Cr(VI), these kinds of pre-treatments have been forbidden and hybrid coatings have been proposed as alternatives [1-3]. To evaluate the performance of these coatings, beyond the laboratory characterization, in situ tests in real conditions should be performed. An electrochemical system to measure the macrocell current density (igal) was designed to evaluate the degradation of HDGS coated samples with different organic-inorganic hybrid films, embedded in mortar during 70 days, using an automatic data acquisition system. This system revealed to be feasible and highly sensitive to coatings degradation. Also, allow distinguishing different hybrid coatings with different thicknesses.The authors would like to gratefully acknowledge the financial support from Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (FCT) for the PhD grant SFRH/BD/62601/2009 and the financial support by Centro de Química [project F-COMP-01-0124-FEDER-022716 (ref. FCT Pest-C/Qui/UI0686/2011)-FEDER-COMPETE]. The authors would also like to thank Hugo Marques Gomes for assisting in the schematic representations.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio