Patterns of mass media in Pakistan Afghanistan bordering communities: A public perception analysis

Those who reside near the Pakistan-Afghanistan border in the Khyber,  Mohmand, and Bajaur agencies on Pakistan's side and in the Jalalabad  and Kunar provinces on Afghanistan's side are presumed to provide  some kind of trouble for one or the other border-sharing countries. The  reason for this assumption is not that the residents of these areas are  inherently troublesome; rather, it is the premise that these places are  ignored by mass media and communication networks on both sides of  the border. This study will focus on how different media outlets cover  and depict the Pak-Afghan border villages in order to test this notion. It  is also crucial to research the media and communication that border  communities are exposed to on a local, national, and worldwide level.  Furthermore, since microblogging is possible on mobile devices in  these regions, the growing importance of social media cannot be disregarded. This study will also examine how these populations  interact with the media in Afghanistan and Pakistan. The use of social  media (Twitter and Facebook) as well as print, electronic, radio, and  other media will be statistically studied throughout this study.  According to the hypothesis, communication gaps will be found in the  study and will have a direct influence on how border communities  behave.</p

Participatory communication for effective improvement in socio-cultural context of district swat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

This study was conducted to investigate the factors affecting the participatory communication in socio-cultural context of district swat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. The study was carried out because non-governmental organizations are facing numerous problems that effecting the process and output of the projects. In the remote areas of the country, people are culture restricted where they bound to follow traditional and norms values in daily life. For, the examination of the phenomenon the researcher applied quantitative methodology, while survey research technique was used for the data collection. A questionnaire was used as data collection tool for target population, while data was collected from the district Swat based non-governmental organization practitioners through convenient sampling method. Data was collected from 230 workers of the area, while the response rate was 67.9% in this regard. Statistical Package for Social Science (version: 19) was used for the data analysis. The results of the study proved the objectives and hypotheses of the study that participatory communicators are facing cultural, social, financial, political, governmental, and organizational and project related issue in district Swat. The findings also confirmed that education is the best remedy to overcome these problems, whereas, people of the area are more dependent on culture, values, tradition and norms. The outcomes of the research also proved that political and religious figures are more influential in the area and working as opinion leaders of the residents of district Swat. It has been also found that good communication skills and use of new technology can overcome the problems of participatory communication in district Swat. This study will help the NGOs and INGOs practitioners to overcome the problems in the project implementation in the rural areas. It will also help the NGOs workers to take the influential figures of the society in confidence before implementation of the project.</p

Pakistani print media coverage of environmental issues: a comparative study of Urdu and English newspapers

Newspaper is the powerful mass media which has played a leading role in the dissemination of knowledge and in building global awareness of different problems in particular in prevalent environmental issues. The purpose of this research is to examine the environmental crisis coverage in both Pakistan's Urdu and English press. It also seeks to examine the role and purpose of the newspaper in environmental awareness. For this analysis, the researchers have examined the content of the two national newspapers: the English (Dawn) and Urdu (Aaj) newspapers. Based on the study findings, it has been confirmed that the government and the general public accept the importance of the issue, if the media set the agenda for a matter. In this respect, the results of the study showed that the media did not develop an appropriate agenda for environmental problems in the country

Does war like situation create war phobia among television viewers? A clash between Pakistan & India On Pulwama incident in Kashmir

Media is powerful enough to influence the minds of the people. The study investigates the television viewers’ stances about situation which happened between Pakistan and India in the shape of Pulwama incident. Television channels of both sides presented different aspects of the terror attack, whereas both look defensive according to their respective state rules and policies and it also created a war-like situation on both sides of the border. The researchers examined the level of fear of war on the basis of television exposure. For this aim, the researchers applied survey method and data was collected through purposive sampling from 50 viewers of two high ranked Pakistani television channels, i.e., Geo and ARY. The correlation results p=.001 & p=.000 supported the hypotheses of the study that those who consume more time with TV in war-like situation will have more fear of war, which is due to exaggeration and repetition of aggressive contents. The findings also supported the Cultivation Theory assumption that heavy viewers of TV have more insecurity feeling in such kind of situation.</p

Integration of artificial intelligence in academia: A case study of critical teaching and learning in higher education

This study scrutinizes the role of AI literacy and ChatGPT-3 in enhancing critical reasoning and journalistic writing competencies among 50 third-term journalism students at Tajik National University. Given the escalating relevance of AI across sectors, including journalism, we aim to highlight the potential advantages of incorporating AI utilities in journalism pedagogy. We utilized a mixedmethods approach, comprising both quantitative and qualitative data collection techniques, for a comprehensive examination of the influence of AI literacy and ChatGPT-3 on student skill development. We gathered insights via surveys and interviews, revealing the impact of AI on learning outcomes. Our findings suggest a significant improvement in students' critical thinking and journalistic writing skills with ChatGPT-3 usage. The integration of AI tools in the classroom encourages in-depth analysis and collaboration, thereby enhancing students' writing skills. The results underline the importance of AI literacy in journalism education, preparing students for the rapidly transforming, AI-centric journalism industry. Measuring Improvement in Critical Thinking and Journalism Writing Skills:  A pre-and-post-test model was applied to measure the improvement in students' critical reasoning and journalistic writing competencies. The students undertook a critical analysis evaluation and a journalistic writing assignment prior to and subsequent to the use of ChatGPT-3. Descriptive and inferential statistical methods were used to analyse the quantitative data.  Collecting Qualitative Data through Semi-Structured Interviews Semi-structured interviews were conducted with the students to obtain qualitative data regarding their experiences and perceptions of using ChatGPT-3. These interviews were transcribed and subjected to thematic analysis. Assessing Critical Thinking and Journalism Writing Tasks Before the intervention (pre-test) and after utilizing ChatGPT-3 (post-test), participants undertook a critical reasoning evaluation and a journalistic writing assignment. The critical reasoning evaluation was modelled on the Cornell Critical Thinking Test Level Z (Ennis et al., 2005), assessing critical reasoning abilities like inductive and deductive reasoning, credibility appraisal, and identification of presuppositions. The evaluation contained 25 multiple-choice queries, where higher scores represented enhanced critical thinking competencies. The journalism writing task required participants to compose a 500-word news article based on a given set of information. The articles were evaluated using a rubric developed by Rivenburgh et al. (2018), which assessed the articles based on accuracy, clarity, structure, and objectivity. Two experienced journalism educators, blinded to the study's purpose and the participants' pre- and post-test conditions, independently assessed the articles. The inter-rater reliability was calculated using Cohen's kappa coefficient (Cohen, 1960).  Quantitative Data Analysis The quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics to describe the sample's characteristics and to summarize the scores in the critical thinking assessment and the journalism writing task. Paired sample t-tests were performed to compare the pre-test and post-test scores for both the critical thinking assessment and the journalism writing task, determining whether there were significant improvements after using ChatGPT-3.  Qualitative Data Collection and Analysis: Semi-Structured Interviews Semi-formal interviews were held with the participants to gather qualitative insights regarding their experiences and viewpoints on the application of ChatGPT-3 in journalism pedagogy. An interview blueprint, crafted in light of the literature review (Cukier et al., 2019; Graefe, 2016; Broussard, 2018), encompassed open ended queries about the perceived advantages, hurdles, and learning encounters linked to the usage of ChatGPT-3. Each interview, lasting roughly 30 minutes, was audibly documented and transcribed word-for-word. </p

Social media role marketing management the tourist perception in Malakand Division of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

The aim of the current research was to find out the role of social media in tourism marketing. In this regard the researcher investigates the perception of tourism in Malakand division. The role of social media in tourism is positive toward tourist spots, and through social media people have become aware about tourism marketing, tourism can touch the sky of popularity and highlighted the problem in tourist spots and types of problem were faced by tourist there. The Researcher used quantitative method to collect data from those people who had visited to tourists’ spots; the populations of the research study were the tourist of Malakand division. Data was collected from the four-district people who visited to tourist spots. The result of the study revealed that the visitors were influenced by the social media. The finding also explored that social media as a tool for the govt or local that they make the tourism industry economically strong. Keywords: Tourism Marketing, Social Media, Tourist Perception, Malakand Division</p

Insights into Student Perceptions: Investigating Artificial Intelligence (AI) Tool Usability in Irish Higher Education at the University of Limerick

This research study scrutinizes the perception of Artificial Intelligence (AI) utilities, particularly focusing on the student cohort at the University of Limerick, Republic of Ireland. The research aims to compile an exhaustive assortment of both affirmative and critical perspectives to construct a holistic comprehension of the students' viewpoints. Utilizing a quantitative research design that entails the distribution of survey questionnaires to a sample size of 120 students spanning multiple departments and faculties, of which 93 students responded. The survey questionnaire consists of 9 questions meticulously structured to procure insights into the students' opinions with AI utilities like Chat GPT. The findings are highlighting the strengths and shortcomings of AI tools in education and critical thinking, suggesting potential areas of enhancement. It is illuminating the interplay of hope and fear among the students in relation to the use of AI tools in their educational journey and critical thinking with learning.</p

Influence of mobile phone usage on the academic performance of students: A case study of Malakand division students

The purpose of this exploratory study was to determine the value of smartphone use by students at two Khyber Pakhtunkhwa universities in terms of learning and to examine the relationship between smartphone use between learning activities and students' academic performance. This research used a quantitative approach and a correlational research methodology. Its goal was to describe the specified demographic features and find links between smartphone usage and student demographics.150 questionnaires were randomly given among students at the University of Swat and the University of Malakand, with 135 of them being backed. The correlation analysis revealed that students at the University of Malakand and Swat's use of mobile phones is a significant factor that contributes to their poor academic performance due to a lack of awareness of its positive uses that can help them improve their skills, knowledge, and competencies. The value of R is 0.651, indicating that students' use of cellphones has a significant impact on their academic performance. That is, when students' academic performance is positively influenced by their favourable use of mobile phones, they will do better. Furthermore, the R Square value is 0.429, implying that pupils' academic performance will shift by 42 percent, either positively or negatively.</p

Gram-Scale Laboratory Synthesis of UM171, a Potent Agonist of Human Hematopoietic Stem Cell Self-Renewal

A short economic synthesis of pyrimidoindole derivative UM171, a potent agonist for the ex vivo expansion of hematopoietic stem cells, has been developed in this work. A unique [3,3]-sigmatropic rearrangement upon a hydroxamic precursor followed by base-promoted cyclization was successfully applied as the key step, furnishing the fully functionalized indole nucleus. The current synthesis is not only capable of affording UM171 in gram quantities but also offers great flexibility in late-stage diversification. Three new analogues of UM171 were synthesized accordingly in excellent yields using the common indole-carboxamide intermediate

Role of press in political socialization of youth of Pakistan during 2018

This paper examined the political upheaval in Pakistan, the role of the Press and the emerging trend of political socialization of youth are inevitablybecoming a necessity for the political parties. They use the press for their media campaigns, promote their manifestos and to get the support of public. The main motive this study is to dig out the role of press and political socialization of youth during the elections of 2018. Survey design was applied, while questionnaire was used to gather data regarding the political socialization of youth and the role of press. The findings of the study revealed that different political parties employ a variety of strategies to politically socialize the youth, including designed campaigns and promoted their agendas through the media in a way that can socialize the youth.</p