Uji Efektivitas Yoghurt Single dan Double Strain dalam Menghambat Bakteri Salmonella typhi Penyebab Demam Tifoid

Salmonella typhi adalah bakteri gram negatif penyebab demam tifoid. Penyakit ini dapat dicegah dengan mengonsumsi makanan fermentasi yang mengandung bakteri asam laktat (BAL). Yoghurt merupakan salah satu produk olahan hasil fermentasi BAL dengan bahan dasar susu. BAL yang digunakan dalam pembuatan yoghurt adalah single strain Lactobacillus bulgaricus, Streptococcus thermophilus serta double strain Lactobacillus bulgaricus dan Streptococcus thermophilus. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbandingan BAL yoghurt single strain dengan double strain dalam menghambat pertumbuhan Salmonella typhi dengan menghitung rata-rata zona hambat yang terbentuk. Metode penelitian ini adalah experimental design dengan post test only with control group design. Pengujian bakteri menggunakan difusi sumuran. Total sampel sebanyak 12 sampel dibagi menjadi 4 kelompok konsentrasi masing-masing 0%, 20%, 40%, 60%, dan 80%. Rancangan percobaan pada penelitian ini menggunakan metode Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL). Analisis data menggunakan uji Kruskal Wallis dan Post Hoc Mann Whitney. Hasil penelitian didapatkan median diameter zona hambat BAL yoghurt double strain Streptococcus thermophilus dan Lactobacillus bulgaricus > single strain Lactobacillus bulgaricus > Streptococcus thermophilus. Pada uji Kruskal Wallis didapatkan nilai p = 0,000, terdapat perbedaan antara kelompok yang diberi perlakuan dan tidak diberi perlakuan. Hasil uji penelitian didapatkan perbedaan signifikan median diameter zona hambat antar kelompok. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa yoghurt double strain memiliki kemampuan penghambatan pertumbuhan Salmonellla typhi yang lebih baik dibandingkan yoghurt single strain Lactobacillus Blugaricus atau Streptococcus thermophilus

Uji Aktivitas Yoghurt UJI EFEKTIVITAS YOGHURT SINGLE DAN DOUBLE STRAIN DALAM MENGHAMBAT BAKTERI Salmonella typhi PENYEBAB DEMAM TIFOID

Salmonella typhi adalah bakteri gram negatif penyebab demam tifoid. Penyakit ini dapat dicegah dengan mengonsumsi makanan fermentasi yang mengandung bakteri asam laktat (BAL). Yoghurt merupakan salah satu produk olahan hasil fermentasi BAL dengan bahan dasar susu. BAL yang digunakan dalam pembuatan yoghurt adalah single strain Lactobacillus bulgaricus, Streptococcus thermophilus serta double strain Lactobacillus bulgaricus dan Streptococcus thermophilus. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbandingan BAL yoghurt single strain dengan double strain dalam menghambat pertumbuhan Salmonella typhi dengan menghitung rata-rata zona hambat yang terbentuk. Metode penelitian ini adalah experimental design dengan post test only with control group design. Pengujian bakteri menggunakan difusi sumuran. Total sampel sebanyak 16 sampel dibagi menjadi 4 kelompok konsentrasi masing-masing 0%, 20%, 40%, 60%, dan 80%. Rancangan percobaan pada penelitian ini menggunakan metode Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL). Analisis data menggunakan uji Kruskal Wallis dan Post Hoc Mann Whitney. Hasil penelitian didapatkan median diameter zona hambat BAL yoghurt double strain Streptococcus thermophilus dan Lactobacillus bulgaricus > single strain Lactobacillus bulgaricus > Streptococcus thermophilus. Pada uji Kruskal Wallis didapatkan nilai p = 0,000, terdapat perbedaan antara kelompok yang diberi perlakuan dan tidak diberi perlakuan. Hasil uji  penelitian didapatkan perbedaan signifikan median diameter zona hambat antar kelompok. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa yoghurt double strain memiliki kemampuan penghambatan pertumbuhan Salmonellla typhi yang lebih baik dibandingkan yoghurt single strain Lactobacillus Blugaricus atau  Streptococcus thermophilus

Microleakage Difference of Self-Adhering Flowable Composite and Flowable Composite After Sitric Acid Immersion

Background: Flowable composite (FC) is a composite that has low viscosity so that it can flow to the cavity. Self-adhering flowable composite (SAC) is a type of flowable composite which is applied without the stages of etching and bonding because it has an acid monomer. Degradation in the oral cavity such as exposure to acidic fluid and changes in temperature can result in microleakage between the restoration and the cavity wall which can cause secondary caries, and hypersensitivity. Purpose: To prove the difference of microleakage between self-adhering flowable composite (SAC) and flowable composite (FC) after immersed in citric acid. Methods: 28 bovine incisors were cleaned and soaked with 0.01% thymol then divided randomly into 4 groups, groups 1 and 2 are immersed in citric acid with SAC restoration and FC restoration. Groups 3 and 4 are SAC and FC material control groups. All groups were prepared class V with cylindrical shapes. Groups 1 and 2 were treated with thermocycling from 5o and 55oC for 120 cycles and immersed in 3364 ppm citric acid for 24 hours. All groups were immersed in 2% methylene blue for 24 hours, then buccolingual cut for 1 mm. Evaluation of microleakage was seen by the amount of color that entered between the restoration wall and the cavity using a 40x magnification Digital Microscope. Test data analysis using the Kruskal Wallis and Mann Whitney U. Results: Significant differences were found between SAC and FC. Significant differences were also obtained from SAC compared with the SAC control group. Whereas in the comparison between FC and FC control group no differences were found. Conclusion: Microleakage SAC is bigger than FC and SAC control group, but FC has no difference with FC control group

Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Community Engagement and Education for Sustainable Development

This proceeding contains articles on the various ideas of the academic community presented at The 3rd International Conference on Community Engagement and Education for Sustainable Development (ICCEESD 2022) organized by the Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia on 7th-8th December 2022.  ICCEESD is a biannual forum for sharing, benchmarking, and discussing HEI’s activities in developing Education for Sustainable Development towards community engagement. Education for Sustainability as a teaching strategy for resolving community challenges through formal, informal, or non-formal education is expected to benefit from various community service best practices by academics, researchers, and students. The 3rd ICCEESD has “Strengthening Education for Sustainability Towards Better Community Engagement” as its theme this year. It is expected that the 3rd ICCEESD will provide a forum for the presenters and participants to exchange best practices, policies, and conceptual implementation of Education for Sustainability towards better community engagement and explore ideas to address community needs.  Conference Title: 3rd International Conference on Community Engagement and Education for Sustainable DevelopmentConference Theme: Strengthening Education for Sustainability Towards Better Community EngagementConference Acronyms: ICCEESD 2022Conference Date: 7th-8th December 2022Conference Location: Grand Rohan Jogja Yogyakarta, IndonesiaConference Organizer: Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesi