An evaluation of the Islington community education provider network super hub.

‘Super Hubs’ are novel initiatives which have arisen in order to aid various workforce developments and service improvements for promoting creative thinking and practice. The Islington Super Hub is a workstream of the Islington Community Education Provider Network (CEPN) which aids the learning and development of community nursing and new apprenticeships (Health Education North Central and East London 2015). In this paper we report on the findings from a realist evaluation of the Islington Super Hub (Pawson and Tilley 1997) using data from a range of provider organisations. The following areas of direct relevance to the Super Hub’s activity will be analysed: i) the factors enabling nursing staff to transfer between sectors; ii) the variety of current preceptorship and induction programmes supporting newly registered nurses moving into community roles; iii) the current links between primary/secondary care for strengthening inter-sectoral working and the core training needed for hospital-based nurses to support patient journeys; iv) the practice learning experiences of specialist practice community nurses, such as General Practice Nurses, District Nurses and Health Visitors as well as non-specialist practitioners and health care assistants; v) the current approaches for sustaining practice-based learning for enhanced learning/development; vi) the current approaches to multi-professional education across localities which contribute to establishing robust community focussed multi-professional collaborative educational approaches; vii) the availability of student nurse placements in community settings and the associated mentorship capacity. Our analysis concludes with critical reflection on the relative merits of the Super Hub’s programme of learning and development which aims to promote creative thought/practice and the contextual factors surrounding the newly emerging apprenticeship roles. References Health Education North Central and East London (2015) Nursing and Midwifery Education Strategy. London: Health Education North Central and East London. Pawson R, Tilley N (1997) Realistic Evaluation. London: Sag

Social disruption: Sublethal pesticides in pollen lead to Apis mellifera queen events and brood loss

Eusocial Apis mellifera colonies depend on queen longevity and brood viability to survive, as the queen is the sole reproductive individual and the maturing brood replenishes the shorter-lived worker bees. Production of many crops rely on both pesticides and bee pollination to improve crop quantity and quality, yet sublethal impacts of this pesticide exposure is often poorly understood. We investigated the resiliency of queens and their brood after one month of sublethal exposure to field relevant doses of pesticides that mimic exposure during commercial pollination contracts. We exposed full size colonies to pollen contaminated with field-relevant doses of the fungicides (chlorothalonil and propicanizole), insecticides (chlorypyrifos and fenpropathrin) or both, noting a significant reduction in pollen consumption in colonies exposed to fungicides compared to control. While we found no difference in the total amount of pollen collected per colony, a higher proportion of pollen to nonpollen foragers was detected in all pesticide exposed colonies. After ceasing treatments, we measured brood development, discovering a significant increase in brood loss and/or cannibalism across all pesticide exposed groups. Sublethal pesticide exposure in general was linked to reduced production of replacement workers and a change in protein acquisition (pollen vs. non-pollen foraging). Fungicide exposure also resulted in increased loss of the reproductive queen

The effect of spending time outdoors in daylight on the psychosocial well-being of older people and their family carers

Abstract of presentation from the Dementia Collaborative Research Centres\u27 (DCRC) 2014 National Dementia Research Forum, Sydney, 19 September 2014

Engaging perioperative students in online learning: human factors

The aim of this article is to reflect on how a specific approach to teaching and learning – role-play and in particular the ‘radio play’ format – can overcome some of the alienation and barriers to student engagement that the necessity for online teaching can engender. The example used is a post-registration module in perioperative nursing delivered in a London University. Authors reflect on experiences of developing and implementing an activity designed to increase student engagement in an online session focussing on Human Factors in the perioperative setting. The aim of the session was to highlight the factors that potentially lead to clinical error in a way that engaged students and enabled them to relate learning to their own experiences. The challenge was how best to do this in an online setting. This article describes the use of an approach devised by AdvanceHE. Two student participants contribute their reflections to this article and focus on the extent to which the session facilitated a new understanding of the impact of human factors in a perioperative setting. These reflections suggest that the approach to the teaching employed was useful to participants and that it has promise as an online approach. The authors recommend evaluation of this approach

Development and preliminary validation of a tool measuring concordance and belief about performing pressure-relieving activities for pressure ulcer prevention in spinal cord injury

Objective: To develop and examine the reliability, and validity of a questionnaire measuring concordance for performing pressure-relief for pressure ulcer (PrU) prevention in people with Spinal Cord Injury (SCI). Methods: Phase I included item development, content and face validity testing. In phase II, the questionnaire was evaluated for preliminary acceptability, reliability and validity among 48 wheelchair users with SCI. Results: Thirty-seven items were initially explored. Item and factor analysis resulted in a final 26-item questionnaire with four factors reflecting concordance, perceived benefits, perceived negative consequences, and personal practical barriers to performing pressure-relief activities. The internal consistency reliability for four domains were very good (Cronbach's α = .75-.89). Pearson correlation coefficient on a test-retest of the same subjects yielded significant correlations in concordance (r = .91, p = .005), perceived benefit (r = .71, p < .04), perceived negative consequences (r = .98, p < .0001), personal barriers (r = .93, p= .002). Participants with higher levels of concordance reported a greater amount of pressure-relieving performed. Individuals viewing PrU as a threatening illness were associated with higher scores of concordance and tended to report a greater amount of pressure-relieving performance which provides evidence of criterion related validity. Conclusion: The new questionnaire demonstrated good preliminary reliability and validity in people with SCI. Further evaluation is necessary to confirm these findings using larger samples with follow-up data for predictive validity. Such a questionnaire could be used by clinicians to identify high risk of patients and to design individualised education programme for PrU prevention

An evaluation of the Islington community education provider network super hub

‘Super Hubs’ are novel initiatives which have arisen in order to aid various workforce developments and service improvements for promoting creative thinking and practice. The Islington Super Hub is a workstream of the Islington Community Education Provider Network (CEPN) which aids the learning and development of community nursing and new apprenticeships (Health Education North Central and East London 2015). In this paper we report on the findings from a realist evaluation of the Islington Super Hub (Pawson and Tilley 1997) using data from a range of provider organisations. The following areas of direct relevance to the Super Hub’s activity will be analysed: i) the factors enabling nursing staff to transfer between sectors; ii) the variety of current preceptorship and induction programmes supporting newly registered nurses moving into community roles; iii) the current links between primary/secondary care for strengthening inter-sectoral working and the core training needed for hospital-based nurses to support patient journeys; iv) the practice learning experiences of specialist practice community nurses, such as General Practice Nurses, District Nurses and Health Visitors as well as non-specialist practitioners and health care assistants; v) the current approaches for sustaining practice-based learning for enhanced learning/development; vi) the current approaches to multi-professional education across localities which contribute to establishing robust community focussed multi-professional collaborative educational approaches; vii) the availability of student nurse placements in community settings and the associated mentorship capacity. Our analysis concludes with critical reflection on the relative merits of the Super Hub’s programme of learning and development which aims to promote creative thought/practice and the contextual factors surrounding the newly emerging apprenticeship roles

Scanning Electron Microscopy Study of Particles Generated by Laser Damage of Aluminum Surfaces

A high intensity iodine laser (1.315 μm wavelength) was used to study laser-surface damage in vacuum. A 22mm diameter laser beam containing 3.9 J of energy was focused to a 1 mm spot on an aluminum plate mounted in a vacuum chamber. The laser pulse width was 7 μs (FWHM). A copper strip mounted on a quarter circle plate 3.5 cm from the laser spot was used to collect particles ejected from the surface. A scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to measure the size and spatial distribution of the particles collected on the copper strip. It was found that aluminum droplets were ejected from the crater formed by the laser pulse. The particle sizes ranged from 0.25 to 45 μm in diameter. The peak of the particle size distribution occurred at 1 μm diameter. The maximum spatial distribution of droplets occurred at near 47° from the normal to the target surface. Measurement of the mass lost by the target plate and the volume of aluminum removed from the craters showed that most of the aluminum ejected from the craters remained on the target surface. SEM examination of the surface adjacent to the craters showed that most of the ejected aluminum was liquid splattered around the crater. The particle size and spatial distributions are considered preliminary because droplets smaller than 0.25 μm could not be detected and the copper collector strip was examined in only six areas corresponding to six emission angles