26,944 research outputs found
Response of Bose gases in time-dependent optical superlattices
The dynamic response of ultracold Bose gases in one-dimensional optical
lattices and superlattices is investigated based on exact numerical time
evolutions in the framework of the Bose-Hubbard model. The system is excited by
a temporal amplitude modulation of the lattice potential, as it was done in
recent experiments. For regular lattice potentials, the dynamic signatures of
the superfluid to Mott-insulator transition are studied and the position and
the fine-structure of the resonances is explained by a linear response
analysis. Using direct simulations and the perturbative analysis it is shown
that in the presence of a two-colour superlattice the excitation spectrum
changes significantly when going from the homogeneous Mott-insulator the quasi
Bose-glass phase. A characteristic and experimentally accessible signature for
the quasi Bose-glass is the appearance of low-lying resonances and a
suppression of the dominant resonance of the Mott-insulator phase.Comment: 20 pages, 9 figures; added references and corrected typo
Descending telencephalic information reaches longitudinal torus and cerebellum via the dorsal preglomerular nucleus in the teleost fish, Pantodon buchholzi
The exchange-stable marriage problem
In this paper we consider instances of stable matching problems, namely the classical stable marriage (SM) and stable roommates (SR) problems and their variants. In such instances we consider a stability criterion that has recently been proposed, that of <i>exchange-stability</i>. In particular, we prove that ESM — the problem of deciding, given an SM instance, whether an exchange-stable matching exists — is NP-complete. This result is in marked contrast with Gale and Shapley's classical linear-time algorithm for finding a stable matching in an instance of SM. We also extend the result for ESM to the SR case. Finally, we study some variants of ESM under weaker forms of exchange-stability, presenting both polynomial-time solvability and NP-completeness results for the corresponding existence questions
Size versus stability in the marriage problem
Given an instance I of the classical Stable Marriage problem with Incomplete preference lists (smi), a maximum cardinality matching can be larger than a stable matching. In many large-scale applications of smi, we seek to match as many agents as possible. This motivates the problem of finding a maximum cardinality matching in I that admits the smallest number of blocking pairs (so is “as stable as possible”). We show that this problem is NP-hard and not approximable within n1−ε, for any ε>0, unless P=NP, where n is the number of men in I. Further, even if all preference lists are of length at most 3, we show that the problem remains NP-hard and not approximable within δ, for some δ>1. By contrast, we give a polynomial-time algorithm for the case where the preference lists of one sex are of length at most 2. We also extend these results to the cases where (i) preference lists may include ties, and (ii) we seek to minimize the number of agents involved in a blocking pair
The College Admissions problem with lower and common quotas
We study two generalised stable matching problems motivated by the current matching scheme used in the higher education sector in Hungary. The first problem is an extension of the College Admissions problem in which the colleges have lower quotas as well as the normal upper quotas. Here, we show that a stable matching may not exist and we prove that the problem of determining whether one does is NP-complete in general. The second problem is a different extension in which, as usual, individual colleges have upper quotas, but, in addition, certain bounded subsets of colleges have common quotas smaller than the sum of their individual quotas. Again, we show that a stable matching may not exist and the related decision problem is NP-complete. On the other hand, we prove that, when the bounded sets form a nested set system, a stable matching can be found by generalising, in non-trivial ways, both the applicant-oriented and college-oriented versions of the classical Gale–Shapley algorithm. Finally, we present an alternative view of this nested case using the concept of choice functions, and with the aid of a matroid model we establish some interesting structural results for this case
Where is the fuzz? Undetected Lyman alpha nebulae around QSOs at z~2.3
We observed a small sample of 5 radio-quiet QSOs with integral field
spectroscopy to search for possible extended emission in the Ly line.
We subtracted the QSO point sources using a simple PSF self-calibration
technique that takes advantage of the simultaneous availability of spatial and
spectral information. In 4 of the 5 objects we find no significant traces of
extended Ly emission beyond the contribution of the QSO nuclei itself,
while in UM 247 there is evidence for a weak and spatially quite compact excess
in the Ly line at several kpc outside the nucleus. For all objects in
our sample we estimated detection limits for extended, smoothly distributed
Ly emission by adding fake nebulosities into the datacubes and trying
to recover them after PSF subtraction. Our observations are consistent with
other studies showing that giant Ly nebulae such as those found
recently around some quasars are very rare. Ly fuzz around typical
radio-quiet QSOs is fainter, less extended and is therefore much harder to
detect. The faintness of these structures is consistent with the idea that
radio-quiet QSOs typically reside in dark matter haloes of modest masses.Comment: 12 Pages, Accepted for publication in A&
Thermal detector model for cryogenic composite detectors for the dark matter experiments CRESST and EURECA
The CRESST (Cryogenic Rare Event Search with Superconducting Thermometers)
and the EURECA (European Underground Rare Event Calorimeter Array) experiments
are direct dark matter search experiments where cryogenic detectors are used to
detect spin-independent, coherent WIMP (Weakly Interacting Massive
Particle)-nucleon scattering events by means of the recoil energy. The
cryogenic detectors use a massive single crystal as absorber which is equipped
with a TES (transition edge sensor) for signal read-out. They are operated at
mK-temperatures. In order to enable a mass production of these detectors, as
needed for the EURECA experiment, a so-called composite detector design (CDD)
that allows decoupling of the TES fabrication from the optimization procedure
of the absorber single-crystal was developed and studied. To further
investigate, understand and optimize the performance of composite detectors a
detailed thermal detector model which takes into account the CDD has been
developed.Comment: To appear in Journal of Physics: Conference Series; Proceedings of
Neutrino 2008, Christchurch, New Zealan
Morphometric approach to many-body correlations in hard spheres
We model the thermodynamics of local structures within the hard sphere liquid
at arbitrary volume fractions through the \textit{morphometric} calculation of
-body correlations. We calculate absolute free energies of local geometric
motifs in excellent quantitative agreement with molecular dynamics simulations
across the liquid and supercooled liquid regimes. We find a bimodality in the
density library of states where five-fold symmetric structures appear lower in
free energy than four-fold symmetric structures, and from a single reaction
path predict a relaxation barrier which scales linearly in the compressibility
factor. The method provides a new route to assess changes in the free energy
landscape at volume fractions dynamically inaccessible to conventional
techniques.Comment: 6+17 pages, 3 figure
Di-boson Production beyond NLO QCD and Anomalous Couplings
In these proceedings, we review results for several di-boson production
processes beyond NLO QCD at high transverse momenta using the VBFNLO
Monte-Carlo program together with the LOOPSIM method. Additionally, we show for
the WZ production process how higher order QCD corrections can resemble
anomalous coupling effects.Comment: Conference Proceedings:C15-05-25.
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