Dermatological lesions of patients with inflammatory bowel disease - single center study

Introduction Inflammatory bowel diseases affect approximately 10 million people in the world and a third of them develop dermatological lesions during their illness. This work was carried out to verify the incidence of this type of lesions. Materials and methods: 120 patients with a diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease were included in this study and documentation of the dermal lesions presented in their disease was carried out. Results: The most common age of presentation of dermal lesions was between 15 and 25 years with an incidence of approximately 70%, the most frequent was erythema nodosum with a 53% incidence followed by pyoderma gangrenosum present in 29%; Most lesions were chronic in 58% of cases and occurred mainly in patients with mild outbreaks in 79%, followed by patients with severe outbreaks in 18%. Conclusions: These dermal lesions are more frequent in young patients with a mild outbreak and were very rare in those patients with inactive disease

Actualización diagnóstica y tratamiento de la atrofia muscular tipo 1

Introduction: Spinal muscular atrophy type 1 is the most severe form of spinal muscular atrophy. It affects newborns and manifests within the first months of life. It is a progressive disease that significantly impacts the quality of life and has a high childhood mortality rate.Objective: This article aims to provide an update on the diagnosis and treatment of spinal muscular atrophy type 1.Methods: A literature review was conducted on articles published in the last five years, utilizing databases such as PubMed, the Cochrane Library, and Web of Science. Clinical studies, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses related to the topic were selected.Results: Recent advances in genetics have enabled a more precise diagnosis through the Survival Motor Neuron 1 genetic test, in addition to electrodiagnostic studies and, in some cases, muscle biopsy. These tests allow for accurate disease confirmation, which is essential for effective treatment. Regarding treatment, it includes the use of Nusinersen, Onasemnogene Abeparvovec, and Risdiplam. These medications have shown promising results in improving motor function and patient survival. Each of these treatments addresses the disease from different mechanisms, offering various options for managing spinal muscular atrophy type 1.Conclusions: Although there is still no cure, advances in the diagnosis and treatment of spinal muscular atrophy type 1 provide hope. Early detection and emerging therapies are crucial in improving outcomes for patients.Introducción: La atrofia muscular tipo 1 es la forma más severa de atrofia muscular espinal. Afecta a los recién nacidos y se manifiesta en los primeros meses de vida. Es una enfermedad progresiva que impacta significativamente en la calidad de vida y tiene una alta tasa de mortalidad en la infancia.Objetivo: este articulo tiene como objetivo describir una actualización sobre el diagnóstico y tratamiento de la atrofia muscular tipo 1Métodos: se realizó una revisión bibliográfica de artículos publicados en los últimos cinco años, utilizando bases de datos como pubMed, cochrane library y web of science. Se seleccionaron estudios clínicos, revisiones sistemáticas y metaanálisis relacionados con el tema.Resultados: los avances recientes en genética han permitido un diagnóstico más preciso a través del test genético de supervivencia de la Neurona Motora 1, además de los estudios electrodiagnósticos y, en algunos casos, la biopsia muscular. Estas pruebas permiten una confirmación precisa de la enfermedad, esencial para un tratamiento efectivo. En cuanto al tratamiento, incluyen el uso de Nusinersen, Onasemnogene Abeparvovec y Risdiplam. Estos fármacos han mostrado resultados prometedores en la mejora de la función motora y la supervivencia de los pacientes. Cada uno de estos tratamientos aborda la enfermedad desde diferentes mecanismos, ofreciendo opciones variadas para el manejo de la atrofia muscular tipo 1. Conclusiones: aunque aún no hay cura, los avances en el diagnóstico y tratamiento de la atrofia muscular tipo 1 ofrecen esperanza. La detección temprana y las terapias emergentes

Factores asociados a microalbuminuria y enfermedad renal crónica en pacientes diabéticos que acuden al Hospital Básico de Paute, Ecuador

Objective: To determine the associated factor to microalbuminuria and Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) in diabetic patients of the Hospital Basico de Paute, Ecuador. Materials and methods: This was a descriptive and cross-sectional study in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus of the Hospital Básico de Paute diabetes club during the period January to August 2018, a questionnaire validated by 2 experts in diabetes mellitus was used, the following data was reported: personal, anthropometric, microalbuminuria levels and glomerular filtration rate. Results: Out of the 80 patients evaluated, 73.8% (n=59) were female, microalbuminuria was present in 20% (n=16) of the cases and the majority of subjects were in stage 2 of CKD when applying the MDRD-4 formula. The main factor associated with microalbuminuria was occupation, with a lower frequency in patients with household activities (70 years of age increased as the Glomerular Filtration Rate decreased (Stage 1: 6.7% vs. Stage 3: 53.8%). Conclusion: The patients of the Hospital Basico de Paute diabetes club, Ecuador have a prevalence of microalbuminuria similar to previous reports, especially Latin America, with a classification of CKD in the first stages. Being the laboral status the main factor associated to microalbuminuria and the age related to the stage of CKD