Characterisation of snowfall events in the northern Iberian Peninsula and the synoptic classification of heavy episodes (1988-2018)

Historic snowfall events in the northern Iberian Peninsula recorded between 1988 and 2018 are presented and analysed. This study makes use of data collected over a course of 31 years from 105 observation stations. These weather reports describe the temporal and spatial characteristics of five Spanish provinces facing the Cantabrian Sea. The average number of snow events observed per year (as recorded by all 105 stations) was 133, where a maximum of 421 snow events was recorded in 2010 and a minimum of 24 events were recorded in 2002. In addition, the monthly distribution of snow events per day had a maximum of 630 events, (February), with a mean monthly value of 170 snow events. Other features like the distribution of snow events depending on the altitude of each province studied and the corresponding spatial patterns are also shown. Furthermore, the circulation patterns responsible for heavy snowfall in the region were also examined. To carry out this study, we considered the daily patterns at 1200 UTC of the geopotential height at 500 and 850 hPa pressure levels and sea‐level pressure and temperature at 500 and 850 hPa respectively. The synoptic situations were classified based on a principal component analysis coupled with a K‐means clustering, and four groups associated with heavy snowfall events were subsequently identified. The analysis of the daily synoptic patterns showed that a trough was present over the Iberian Peninsula, or close by, and a low appeared over the Mediterranean Sea or Central Europe. The low‐level flow was from the north (N) or northeast (NE) in ~ 85% of the cases and the temperature at 850 hPa pressure level was lower than ‐3°C in ~ 70% of the cases

Observed impact of land uses and soil types on cloud-to-ground lightning in Castilla-Leon (Spain)

The impact of land use on lightning activity has mainly been studied for urban areas; however the number of authors addressing the impact of vegetation on lightning is fairly limited. The relationship of different types of land use and soil (thirteen categories of land use and fourteen major soil types were considered) on cloud-to-ground lightning activity was studied in the Spanish region of Castilla-León from 2000 to 2010. To do this, urban, mining, and industrial areas were found to be associated with enhanced CG-lightning activity. With respect to natural land uses, forest and shrubland were the categories where CG-lightning was seen to be increased. By contrast, non-agricultural vegetated areas and pastures displayed the lowest CG-lightning activity. When the major soil types are considered, rendzinas, podzols, and phaeozems were found to be associated with a slight increase in CG-lightning activity and gleysols and solonchaks seem to decrease it. Assuming there are a plethora of factors which can indirectly affect the charging electromicrophysics and cloud dynamics, the authors provide evidence that soil type shows a significant correlation on CG-lightning flash density and weather characteristics are affected by land uses. It is suggested that the influence of vegetation and soil on surface moisture is one of the main effects contributing to explain the impact of land cover on CG-lightning

Predicción objetiva del número de incendios forestales diarios basada en consideraciones meteorológicas

Ponencia presentada en: IV Simposio Nacional de Predicción del Instituto Nacional de Meteorología, celebrado en 1999 en MadridA partir de la diferencia de energía estática seca entre 850y 700 hPa y del déficit de saturación en 850 hPa, se hace una partición en 4 tipos de día respecto a su peligrosidad meteorológica para la generación de incendios forestales. El conocimiento del tipo de día un día D a 00 Z y del número de incendios registrados los días 0-2 y D-1 permite pronosticar: mediante una técnica autorregresiva de orden 2, el número de incendios que van a ocurrir durante el día D. Además, como la energía estática seca y el déficit de saturación pueden ser previstos mediante modelos de predicción numérica, el método de predicción objetiva de incendios forestales se puede extender hasta medio plazo. En este trabajo lo extendemos hasta 5 días

Intense precipitation events in the Central Range of the Iberian Peninsula

Intense orographic precipitation associated with the Central Range was analysed using data of maximum accumulated precipitation in 24 h, occurring between 1958 and 2010. The 18 selected episodes were associated with a southwesterly tropospheric flow, a low-level jet, and high moisture flux at low levels. The observed moisture flux was higher than 100 (m g(s kg)−1) and the dry and wet Froude numbers were greater than 1. The selected area to study this synoptic situation was Gredos, broad and high range, which is located in the eastern part of the Central Range and generates a leeward “orographic shadow”. The effect of the Central Range on the spatial distribution of precipitation on the Iberian Peninsula plateau results in a sharp increase in precipitation in the south of the Central Range, followed by a decrease to the north of this range

Modelo estocástico para generar variables atmosféricas diarias. Aplicación a Salamanca y Oporto

Ponencia presentada en: XXXI Jornadas Científicas de la AME y el XI Encuentro Hispano Luso de Meteorología celebrado en Sevilla, del 1 al 3 de marzo de 2010

Contaminación atmosférica en Canarias: 2007-2009

Ponencia presentada en: XXXII Jornadas Científicas de la AME y el XIII Encuentro Hispano Luso de Meteorología celebrado en Alcobendas (Madrid), del 28 al 30 de mayo de 2012.Este trabajo tiene como objetivo el análisis de la evolución diaria, semanal y anual de los principales contaminantes atmosféricos: óxido nítrico, dióxido de nitrógeno, dióxido de azufre y partículas sólidas suspendidas en el aire de un diámetro inferior a 10 μm (PM10), que han sido medidos durante el periodo 1 de enero de 2007 y el 31 de diciembre de 2009 por cinco casetas/estaciones situadas en Tenerife, Gran Canaria, Lanzarote y Fuerteventura, pertenecientes a la de la Red de la Calidad de Aire del Gobierno de Canarias

Estabilidad y sequedad como base para determinar el riesgo de incendio en el noroeste de la Península Ibérica

Ponencia presentada en: XXXI Jornadas Científicas de la AME y el XI Encuentro Hispano Luso de Meteorología celebrado en Sevilla, del 1 al 3 de marzo de 2010

Nevadas en la Comunidad Valenciana: primeros resultados

Ponencia presentada en: XXXII Jornadas Científicas de la AME y el XIII Encuentro Hispano Luso de Meteorología celebrado en Alcobendas (Madrid), del 28 al 30 de mayo de 2012

Aplicación de la formación virtual 2.0 al laboratorio de física (1o, curso)

Memoria ID-021. Ayudas de la Universidad de Salamanca para la innovación docente, curso 2018-2019