PHYTOCHEMICAL EVALUATION OF PLUMBAGO ZEYLANICA: A PREVAILING HERB

Abstract: The outcomes of the phytochemical screening of Plumbago zeylanica stem sample exhibited the presence of valuable phytonutrients. The results indicates thatPlumbago zeylanica all six solvent extract confined with reducing sugar, terpenoids , tannin, alkaloids and flavonoid. The domino effect of the phytochemical screening of medicinal plants wasconferred in relations to their practicality to manhood. Key words: Plumbago zeylanica, phytochemical screening, chitrak, phytonutrients.Â

Stopped Flow Kinetics of MnII Catalysed Periodate Oxidation of 2, 3- dimethylaniline - Evaluation of Stability Constant of the Ternary Intermediate Complex

The formation of ternary intermediate unstable complex during the oxidation of aromatic amines by periodate ion catalysed by MnII has been proposed in case of some anilines. This paper is the first report on stopped-flow kinetic study and evaluation of stability constant of ternary complex forming in the MnII - catalysed periodate oxidation of 2, 3-dimethylaniline (D) in acetone-water medium. Stop-flow spectrophotometric method was used to study the ternary complex formation and to determine its stability constant. The stop-flow trace shows the reaction to occur in two steps. The first step, which is presumably the formation of ternary complex, is relatively fast while the second stage is relatively quite slow. The stability constant evaluated for D - MnII - IO4- ternary complex by determining equilibrium absorbance is (2.2 ± 1.0) × 105. Kinetics of ternary complex formation was defined by the rate law(A) under pseudo first order conditions. ln{[C2]eq / ( [C2]eq -[C2])} = kobs . t (A) where, kobs is the pseudo first order rate constant, [C2] is concentration of ternary complex at given time t, and [C2]eq is the equilibrium concentration of ternary complex. © 2015 BCREC UNDIP. All rights reserve

Stopped Flow Kinetics of MnII Catalysed Periodate Oxidation of 2, 3- dimethylaniline - Evaluation of Stability Constant of the Ternary Intermediate Complex

The formation of ternary intermediate unstable complex during the oxidation of aromatic amines by periodate ion catalysed by MnII has been proposed in case of some anilines. This paper is the first report on stopped-flow kinetic study and evaluation of stability constant of ternary complex forming in the MnII - catalysed periodate oxidation of 2, 3-dimethylaniline (D) in acetone-water medium. Stop-flow spectrophotometric method was used to study the ternary complex formation and to determine its stability constant. The stop-flow trace shows the reaction to occur in two steps. The first step, which is presumably the formation of ternary complex, is relatively fast while the second stage is relatively quite slow. The stability constant evaluated for D - MnII - IO4- ternary complex by determining equilibrium absorbance is (2.2 ± 1.0) × 105. Kinetics of ternary complex formation was defined by the rate law(A) under pseudo first order conditions. ln{[C2]eq / ( [C2]eq -[C2])} = kobs . t (A) where, kobs is the pseudo first order rate constant, [C2] is concentration of ternary complex at given time t, and [C2]eq is the equilibrium concentration of ternary complex. © 2015 BCREC UNDIP. All rights reserve

Molecular Mechanisms of Ultraviolet Radiation-Induced DNA Damage and Repair

DNA is one of the prime molecules, and its stability is of utmost importance for proper functioning and existence of all living systems. Genotoxic chemicals and radiations exert adverse effects on genome stability. Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) (mainly UV-B: 280–315 nm) is one of the powerful agents that can alter the normal state of life by inducing a variety of mutagenic and cytotoxic DNA lesions such as cyclobutane-pyrimidine dimers (CPDs), 6-4 photoproducts (6-4PPs), and their Dewar valence isomers as well as DNA strand breaks by interfering the genome integrity. To counteract these lesions, organisms have developed a number of highly conserved repair mechanisms such as photoreactivation, base excision repair (BER), nucleotide excision repair (NER), and mismatch repair (MMR). Additionally, double-strand break repair (by homologous recombination and nonhomologous end joining), SOS response, cell-cycle checkpoints, and programmed cell death (apoptosis) are also operative in various organisms with the expense of specific gene products. This review deals with UV-induced alterations in DNA and its maintenance by various repair mechanisms

Humanized Mice Are Instrumental to the Study of Plasmodium falciparum Infection

Research using humanized mice has advanced our knowledge and understanding of human haematopoiesis, non-adaptive and adaptive immunity, autoimmunity, infectious disease, cancer biology, and regenerative medicine. Challenges posed by the human-malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum include its complex life cycle, the evolution of drug resistance against anti-malarials, poor diagnosis, and a lack of effective vaccines. Advancements in genetically engineered and immunodeficient mouse strains, have allowed for studies of the asexual blood stage, exoerythrocytic stage and the transition from liver-to-blood stage infection, in a single vertebrate host. This review discusses the process of “humanization” of various immunodeficient/transgenic strains and their contribution to translational biomedical research. Our work reviews the strategies employed to overcome the remaining-limitations of the developed human-mouse chimera(s)

Perturbation of Cellular Redox Status: Role of Nrf2, a Master Regulator of Cellular Redox

Regulation of cellular redox homeostasis determines the fate of the cell. Perturbation in redox status is known to elicit multiple cellular pathways. Role of oxidative stress modulation in channelizing the cell towards apoptosis or rescuing the cell by activating pro-survival pathways, depends on the levels of generated oxidative stress. High levels of generated oxidative stress induce cell death pathways whereas mild and low levels are known to elicit the cell survival pathways. Generation of ROS for a short duration of time inducing Redox ticking also triggers the pro-survival pathways inside the cell. Nrf2 is the redox sensitive prosurvival transcription factor which acts as master regulator of redox equilibrium. Nrf2 and its dependent genes including HO-1, GCLC, NQO1 etc. are involved in maintaining the cellular redox homeostasis. Role of Nrf2 as dual edges sword has been highlighted in past decade. The cross talk between the Nrf2 and NF-κB is at the focal point of building the redox response network. The present chapter is aimed at providing the insight on the role of Nrf2 and NF-κB as redox sensitive transcription factors in regulating cellular redox status. Further, the chapter brings in light the therapeutic potential of targeting Nrf2 under multiple clinical settings

2-[2-(Hydroxy­meth­yl)phen­yl]-1-(1-naphth­yl)ethanol

The mol­ecular conformation of the title compound, C19H18O2, is stabilized by an intra­molecular O—H—O hydrogen bond. In addition, inter­molecular O—H—O inter­actions link the mol­ecules into zigzag chains running along the c axis

Optimization of extraction process of jatropha oil by using quenching agent

Among the various energy plant species, Jatropha curcus is found to be best oil-bearing plant species with a wide range of applications and having enormous economic potentials for its seed, which can be converted into biodiesel via transesterification which is an alternative to petrodiesel. In this present study, the effect of three factors, Time (1-4 hour), temperature (60-120°C) and quenching agents (NaCl, KCl, and ZrCl2) and dose of quenching agent(0.5-2gm) use for the extraction of oil from 10grm of jatropha seed. Using the Box-Benken Design (BBD) approach of Response Surface Methodology (RSM), 17 experimental runs were generated. n-Hexane was used as solvent for each experiment carried out in the 100 ml soxhlet extraction apparatus. Results obtained from the experiments were modeled and analyzed by choosing a quadratic model. From the analysis of modeled found temperature extraction time and dose of quenching agent revealed the good agreement of value (R2=0.98) between observed and predicted value of the experiment and were to be p>0.05 that was based on 95% confidence interval. By the use of RSM-BBD an optimizing experiment 60°C temperature 3h time and 2gm ZrCl2 quenching agent give best extraction of oil yield 41.41%

Application of phase change materials in solar water heating systems for thermal energy storage

One of the major drawbacks of solar water heating systems is unable to supply hot water during night time or off sunshine hours. The integration of phase change material with solar water heating systems is cost effective and efficient solution to overcome this major problem associated with solar water heating systems. The phase change material integrated with solar water heating system stores thermal energy during sun shine hours and this stored energy can be recovered during off shine hours or night time to produce hot water. The phase change material can be integrated with water tank of collector, evacuated tubes, external water tank for solar collector and flat plate collector by adding layers at the bottom of absorber plate. The integration of phase change material with SWH system not only overcome the drawbacks of SWH system but also enhance the efficiency of conventional SWH system. Many investigations for the application of TES materials integrated SWH system have been carried out and found a significant enhancement in the performance. This paper presents a comprehensive review of recent advances in the applications of PCM with SWH system for TE