12 research outputs found
Ultrafast Delamination of Graphite into High-Quality Graphene Using Alternating Currents
To bridge the gap between laboratoryâscale studies and commercial applications, mass production of high quality graphene is essential. A scalable exfoliation strategy towards the production of graphene sheets is presented that has excellent yield (ca. 75â%, 1â3 layers), low defect density (a C/O ratio of 21.2), great solutionâprocessability, and outstanding electronic properties (a hole mobility of 430â
cm2âVâ1âsâ1). By applying alternating currents, dual exfoliation at both graphite electrodes enables a high production rate exceeding 20â
gâhâ1 in laboratory tests. As a cathode material for lithium storage, grapheneâwrapped LiFePO4 particles deliver a high capacity of 167â
mAhâgâ1 at 1âC rate after 500 cycles
An open-access database and analysis tool for perovskite solar cells based on the FAIR data principles
Large datasets are now ubiquitous as technology enables higher-throughput experiments, but rarely can a research field truly benefit from the research data generated due to inconsistent formatting, undocumented storage or improper dissemination. Here we extract all the meaningful device data from peer-reviewed papers on metal-halide perovskite solar cells published so far and make them available in a database. We collect data from over 42,400 photovoltaic devices with up to 100 parameters per device. We then develop open-source and accessible procedures to analyse the data, providing examples of insights that can be gleaned from the analysis of a large dataset. The database, graphics and analysis tools are made available to the community and will continue to evolve as an open-source initiative. This approach of extensively capturing the progress of an entire field, including sorting, interactive exploration and graphical representation of the data, will be applicable to many fields in materials science, engineering and biosciences
Two-Dimensional Violet Phosphorus: A p-Type Semiconductor for (Opto)electronics
International audienceThe synthesis of novel two-dimensional (2D) materials displaying an unprecedented composition and structure via the exfoliation of layered systems provides access to uncharted properties. For application in optoelectronics, a vast majority of exfoliated 2D semiconductors possess n-type or more seldom ambipolar characteristics. The shortage of p-type 2D semiconductors enormously hinders the extensive engineering of 2D devices for complementary metal oxide semiconductors (CMOSs) and beyond CMOS applications. However, despite the recent progress in the development of 2D materials endowed with p-type behaviors by direct synthesis or p-doping strategies, finding new structures is still of primary importance. Here, we report the sonication-assisted liquid-phase exfoliation of violet phosphorus (VP) crystals into few-layer-thick flakes and the first exploration of their electrical and optical properties. Field-effect transistors based on exfoliated VP thin films exhibit a p-type transport feature with an Ion/Ioff ratio of 10^4 and a hole mobility of 2.25 cm2 Vâ1 sâ1 at room temperature. In addition, the VP film-based photodetectors display a photoresponsivity (R) of 10 mA Wâ1 and a response time down to 0.16 s. Finally, VP embedded into CMOS inverter arrays displays a voltage gain of âŒ17. This scalable production method and high quality of the exfoliated material combined with the excellent optoelectronic performances make VP an enticing and versatile p-type candidate for next-generation more-than-Moore (opto)electronics
Solution-Processable High-Quality Graphene for Organic Solar Cells
The
unique optical and electronic properties of graphene open up new opportunities
for optoelectronics. This work reports the use of <i>solution-processed</i> high-quality graphene as transparent conductive electrode in an
organic solar cell using an electrochemical approach. The fabricated
thienoÂ[3,4-<i>b</i>]Âthiophene/benzoÂdithiophene:phenyl-C<sub>71</sub>-butyric acid methyl ester (PTB7:PCB<sub>71</sub>M) bulk
heterojunction organic solar cell based on the exfoliated graphene
(EG) anode exhibits a power conversion efficiency of 4.23%, making
EG promising for next-generation flexible optoelectronic devices
Tuning the Piezoresistive Behavior of Graphene-Polybenzoxazine Nanocomposites: Toward High-Performance Materials for Pressure Sensing Applications
Flexible
piezoresistive pressure sensors are key components
in
wearable technologies for health monitoring, digital healthcare, humanâmachine
interfaces, and robotics. Among active materials for pressure sensing,
graphene-based materials are extremely promising because of their
outstanding physical characteristics. Currently, a key challenge in
pressure sensing is the sensitivity enhancement through the fine tuning
of the active materialâs electro-mechanical properties. Here,
we describe a novel versatile approach to modulating the sensitivity
of graphene-based piezoresistive pressure sensors by combining chemically
reduced graphene oxide (rGO) with a thermally responsive material,
namely, a novel trifunctional polybenzoxazine thermoset precursor
based on tris(3-aminopropyl)amine and phenol reagents (PtPA). The
integration of rGO in a polybenzoxazine thermoresist matrix results
in an electrically conductive nanocomposite where the thermally triggered
resistâs polymerization modulates the active material rigidity
and consequently the piezoresistive response to pressure. Pressure
sensors comprising the rGO-PtPA blend exhibit sensitivities ranging
from 10â2 to 1 kPaâ1, which can
be modulated by controlling the rGO:PtPA ratio or the curing temperature.
Our rGO-PtPA blend represents a proof-of-concept graphene-based nanocomposite
with on-demand piezoresistive behavior. Combined with solution processability
and a thermal curing process compatible with large-area coatings technologies
on flexible supports, this method holds great potential for applications
in pressure sensing for health monitoring
CCDC 1435119: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination
Related Article: Ashok Keerthi, Cunbin An, Mengmeng Li, Tomasz Marszalek, Antonio Gaetano Ricciardulli, Boya Radha, Fares D. Alsewailem, Klaus MĂŒllen, Martin Baumgarten|2016|Polym.Chem.|7|1545|doi:10.1039/C6PY00023
Embedded NickelâMesh Transparent Electrodes for Highly Efficient and Mechanically Stable Flexible Perovskite Photovoltaics: Toward a Portable Mobile Energy Source
The rapid development of Internet of Things mobile terminals has accelerated the market's demand for portable mobile power supplies and flexible wearable devices. Here, an embedded metalâmesh transparent conductive electrode (TCE) is prepared on poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) using a novel selective electrodeposition process combined with inverted filmâprocessing methods. This embedded nickel (Ni)âmesh flexible TCE shows excellent photoelectric performance (sheet resistance of â0.2â0.5 Ω sqâ1 at high transmittance of â85â87%) and mechanical durability. The PET/Niâmesh/polymer poly(3,4âethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS PH1000) hybrid electrode is used as a transparent electrode for perovskite solar cells (PSCs), which exhibit excellent electric properties and remarkable environmental and mechanical stability. A power conversion efficiency of 17.3% is obtained, which is the highest efficiency for a PSC based on flexible transparent metal electrodes to date. For perovskite crystals that require harsh growth conditions, their mechanical stability and environmental stability on flexible transparent embedded metal substrates are studied and improved. The resulting flexible device retains 76% of the original efficiency after 2000 bending cycles. The results of this work provide a step improvement in flexible PSCs
DonorâAcceptor Conjugated Polymers for Single-Component Near-Infrared II Organic Phototransistors with Ultrahigh Photoresponsivity
The design of donorâacceptor (DâA) conjugated
polymers
with narrow bandgaps remains a big challenge for achieving high-performance
near-infrared (NIR) phototransistors. Herein, we report a novel DâA
conjugated polymer (denoted as TBOPV-DT) based on a thiophene-fused
benzodifurandione-based oligo(p-phenylenevinylene)
(TBOPV) acceptor in conjugation with a 3,3âČ-dialkoxy-2,2âČ-dithiophene
(DT) donor. Benefiting from the alkoxylation of the donor units, the
TBOPV-DT conjugated polymer exhibits broad second NIR absorption and
a narrow bandgap of 0.65 eV. When being used as the channel material
in field-effect transistors, the TBOPV-DT conjugated polymer shows
p-type semiconducting behavior with a hole mobility of 0.16 cm2 Vâ1 sâ1. Besides, the
resulting single-component polymer phototransistor displays ultrahigh
sensitivity to a broad range of wavelengths (850â1450 nm) and
a record-high photoresponsivity of 1.9 Ă 105 A Wâ1. Moreover, the fast rise and decay response times
of 53 and 317 ms, respectively, are comparable to those of state-of-the-art
two-dimensional materials. This work sheds light on designing new
narrow-bandgap DâA conjugated polymers with molecular precision
and paves the way for the development of future high-performance optoelectronics