Translation Quality in Translating Abstract in Thesis from the Economics Field

A scientific research report should provide abstract at the beginning of themanuscript. Students who learn English as a foreign language in Indonesiais also provided with the translation skill, including in translating abstract.This study aims to analyze the translation quality of the thesis abstracttranslated by the English literature students of UNP. This research usedthe descriptive method as the research design. The population of thisstudy consisted of sixth-semester English literature students of UNP,and the purposive sampling method was used to select 25 students as thesample. A translation test was used to collect data. Based on the resultsof the analysis of the translation quality, the researcher concludes thatthe students’ accuracy, acceptability, and readability of the abstract in thethesis for students of English Literature who have studied translation is lessaccurate, less acceptable, and has a high readability translation level. Thelevel of accuracy is at an average of 2.14. The level of acceptability is at anaverage of 2.34. Moreover, the level of readability is at an average of 2.71

Why Agriculture Productivity Falls: The Political Economy of Agrarian Transition in Developing Countries

Why Agriculture Productivity Falls: The Political Economy of Agrarian Transition in Developing Countries offers a new explanation for the decline in agricultural productivity in developing countries. Transcending the conventional approaches to understanding productivity using agricultural inputs and factors of production, this work brings in the role of formal and informal institutions that govern transactions, property rights, and accumulation. This more robust methodology leads to a comprehensive, well-balanced lens to perceive agrarian transition in developing countries. It argues that the existing process of accumulation has resulted in nonsustainable agriculture because of market failures—the result of asymmetries of power, diseconomies of scale, and unstable property rights. The book covers the historical shifts in land relations, productivity, and class relations that have led to present-day challenges in sustainability. The result is arrested productivity growth. Agrarian transition should be understood in the context of the wider economic development in society, including how political settlement and primitive accumulation inhibited the kind of property rights that encourage growth. Why Agriculture Productivity Falls is a much-needed corrective to the traditional understanding, because before we can increase productivity, we must understand the root causes of those challenges.https://docs.lib.purdue.edu/purduepress_ebooks/1067/thumbnail.jp

Internationalization of Higher Education Policy in Japan: The Role of International Student Mobility

As a country of Asia, Japan is developed both economically and in terms of education. Japan’s higher education standards have received acceptance and appreciation worldwide. Currently, 10.4 percent of international students are studying in Japan. International students show a keen interest in having a degree in Japan because of its most advanced education and latest technology. They get a positive environment of education, a friendly culture, lower tuition fees than in Europe and America, and diverse weather. Under the MEXT Scholarship Program of the Japanese Government established in 1954, about 65,000 students have been selected from 160 countries till now. The Japanese government took a vision of escalating the number of their overseas pupils up to one lakh forty thousand in 2008. Surprisingly, this number has reached more than three lakh international students in 2020. However, this research tries to demonstrate why more than 10% of international students select Japan for higher education. In addition to discussing the facilities of Japan ’s higher education, the article includes a comparative discussion of Japan’ s scholarships with other government scholarships worldwide

KARDS Model: An Alternative Approach to Language Education

Students can be motivated by making them aware of their intrinsic and extrinsic motivation. Guiding the student could include addressing the subject’s goals, the nature of the activities, and the techniques used to complete the tasks, including supporting them in determining the best ways to learn. Providing learning facilities indicates that the instructor should be able to facilitate and simplify learning. This is essentially characterized as creating and establishing suitable learning settings and providing learning resources. This piece of paper will emphasise a literature review on the KARDS Model as an alternative conceptualization for language training. The review is based on journal papers, conference proceedings, and book chapters that explore Kumaravadivelu's KARDS Model. The scope of this discussion is limited to the following points: (1) presenting Postmodernism as a relevant theoretical framework in the context of language teacher education and (2) presenting the KARDS model as an alternative conceptual outline that can help language teachers address teaching issues more effectively. This finding demonstrates that teachers must keep their knowledge, which serves as their academic medium of communication, up to date in order to survive in academic contexts. Their enhanced professional and personal knowledge is projected to lead to more positive perceptions. This distinction may be justified by the circulation of knowledge transfer and building, the routine exchange of knowledge, and academicians' access to the most recent results.Keywords: Alternative Approach, KARDS Model, and Language Educatio

Factors Influencing Bangladeshi English Teachers’ Perceptions of Academic Policy, Academic Culture and Knowledge Related to Plagiarism in Higher Education

Some serious instances of plagiarism have been discussed in Bangladesh's institutions, where students, researchers, and even faculty members were given severe penalties. This study explores the factors influencing teachers of English at the tertiary level in Bangladesh regarding plagiarism, including emerging concerns around AI-based plagiarism. A mixed-method research design has been used to answer two research questions: (1) What are the perceptions of English teachers about plagiarism at the tertiary level? and (2) What are the factors that influence these perceptions? Data were collected through a survey questionnaire administered to 128 English teachers from 25 public and private universities in Bangladesh, followed by in-depth interviews with 10 teachers involved in research supervision. Factor analysis revealed institutional negligence, lack of writing courses, absence of plagiarism policies, and infrequent use of plagiarism detection software as major drivers of plagiarism. The thematic analysis identified concerns relating to the misuse of AI tools that escalate plagiarism and make its detection difficult. Respondents expressed the need for guidelines with respect to the ethical application of AI in academic writing. Recommendations include making writing courses mandatory, including plagiarism policies in course outline, and implementing AI-specific plagiarism detection tools to strengthen the academic integrity of higher education

Competing biosecurity and risk rationalities in the Chittagong poultry commodity chain, Bangladesh

This paper anthropologically explores how key actors in the Chittagong live bird trading network perceive biosecurity and risk in relation to avian influenza between production sites, market maker scenes and outlets. They pay attention to the past and the present, rather than the future, downplaying the need for strict risk management, as outbreaks have not been reported frequently for a number of years. This is analysed as ‘temporalities of risk perception regarding biosecurity’, through Black Swan theory, the idea that unexpected events with major effects are often inappropriately rationalized (Taleb in The Black Swan. The impact of the highly improbable, Random House, New York, 2007). This incorporates a sociocultural perspective on risk, emphasizing the contexts in which risk is understood, lived, embodied and experienced. Their risk calculation is explained in terms of social consent, practical intelligibility and convergence of constraints and motivation. The pragmatic and practical orientation towards risk stands in contrast to how risk is calculated in the avian influenza preparedness paradigm. It is argued that disease risk on the ground has become a normalized part of everyday business, as implied in Black Swan theory. Risk which is calculated retrospectively is unlikely to encourage investment in biosecurity and, thereby, points to the danger of unpredictable outlier events

Assessment of the Carbon Footprint and VOCs Emissions Caused by the Manufacturing Process of the Footwear Industry in Bangladesh

Every industry has an impact on the environment, either good or bad, and leather and footwear industries are no exception. For the footwear industry, the main environmental impacts are the releasing of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and solid wastes. The pressure of reducing harm to the environment is coming from both the consumers and the legislation. CO2 and VOCs are hazardous to human health and also trigger serious environment problems, such as ozone layer depletion, offensive odour, photochemical smog, acid rain and many others. Adhesives, finishing products and cleaners contribute to VOCs emissions in the footwear manufacturing industry. VOCs emission may also arise from primers, separating agents, printing inks or finishing pastes. Some most commonly produced VOCs in the footwear manufacturing industry are benzene, toluene, styrene, ethylene, xylene, acetaldehyde, formaldehyde, methyl ethyl ketone, chlorobenzene, phenol etc. All of these cause severe health problems in humans and have an adverse effect on the environment. An increasing number of footwear factories adversely affects the environment and human health. One of the largest environmental impacts of shoe industry comes from the manufacturing stages of the shoe’s life cycle. This study was carried out to measure the carbon footprint and VOCs emissions among ten selected footwear factories. The results revealed that the total energy footprint for one pair of shoes is 18.004826 MJ, the water footprint is 8.37167 litres and the carbon footprint is 9.174979 kg CO2 eq. The highest impact in terms of the carbon footprint lies in the shoe manufacturing process with a 5.85109 eq. CO2 (kg). The total VOCs consumption for a fashion shoe is around 36.5 g/pair on average. There should be an initiative taken with the aim of adjusting the choice of methods, materials, machines and the monitoring systems as well as the safety policy for the workers and the environment

Effects of antiplatelet therapy on stroke risk by brain imaging features of intracerebral haemorrhage and cerebral small vessel diseases: subgroup analyses of the RESTART randomised, open-label trial

Background Findings from the RESTART trial suggest that starting antiplatelet therapy might reduce the risk of recurrent symptomatic intracerebral haemorrhage compared with avoiding antiplatelet therapy. Brain imaging features of intracerebral haemorrhage and cerebral small vessel diseases (such as cerebral microbleeds) are associated with greater risks of recurrent intracerebral haemorrhage. We did subgroup analyses of the RESTART trial to explore whether these brain imaging features modify the effects of antiplatelet therapy