General anaesthetic and airway management practice for obstetric surgery in England: a prospective, multi-centre observational study

There are no current descriptions of general anaesthesia characteristics for obstetric surgery, despite recent changes to patient baseline characteristics and airway management guidelines. This analysis of data from the direct reporting of awareness in maternity patients' (DREAMY) study of accidental awareness during obstetric anaesthesia aimed to describe practice for obstetric general anaesthesia in England and compare with earlier surveys and best-practice recommendations. Consenting patients who received general anaesthesia for obstetric surgery in 72 hospitals from May 2017 to August 2018 were included. Baseline characteristics, airway management, anaesthetic techniques and major complications were collected. Descriptive analysis, binary logistic regression modelling and comparisons with earlier data were conducted. Data were collected from 3117 procedures, including 2554 (81.9%) caesarean deliveries. Thiopental was the induction drug in 1649 (52.9%) patients, compared with propofol in 1419 (45.5%). Suxamethonium was the neuromuscular blocking drug for tracheal intubation in 2631 (86.1%), compared with rocuronium in 367 (11.8%). Difficult tracheal intubation was reported in 1 in 19 (95%CI 1 in 16-22) and failed intubation in 1 in 312 (95%CI 1 in 169-667). Obese patients were over-represented compared with national baselines and associated with difficult, but not failed intubation. There was more evidence of change in practice for induction drugs (increased use of propofol) than neuromuscular blocking drugs (suxamethonium remains the most popular). There was evidence of improvement in practice, with increased monitoring and reversal of neuromuscular blockade (although this remains suboptimal). Despite a high risk of difficult intubation in this population, videolaryngoscopy was rarely used (1.9%)

Knowledge-Sharing Activities in India

Libraries in India are striving to provide necessary and relevant information to their users. Limited resources have been one main barrier to satisfying the growing informational needs of the users. Now, the Indian libraries are planning various methods of resource sharing to help meet information demands. Attitudes of library and institutional managements have undergone a change, to become more open to the benefi ts of resource sharing. A number of formal arrangements are being made for resource sharing among the libraries. A number of resource-sharing activities are discussed in this article, broadly arranged under four headings: National Information System in Science and Technology (NISSAT) National Information Centres (NIC); library consortia; document delivery services; and interlibrary cooperation.published or submitted for publicatio

Taking Well to Thirsty: Library Toolbar-Changing of the Users Environment into New Environment

A Well known phrase in Hindi which elucidate that the ‘Thirsty needs to go to well, well will not come to thirsty’. Toolbar has now changed the scenario in respect that it taking well to the thirsty. This paradigm shift is due to advancement in information and computer technology. The thirsts for the information are increasing day-by-day. Information wells are deepens rapidly, library resources are increasing in collection as well as characters and flowing along with the technology. Library and Information Centers adopting various methodology for collection building, from print media to digital collection, from individual subscription to consortia based collaboration in order to saving budget, library automation for resource management, Web 2.0 technology for information literacy and user education and other tools and technology such as audio visual methods, forum, emails, list-serves, and many more lists are added up during the time for ‘save the time of reader’, what S R Rangnathan’s philosophy reveal. Library services are fading out of sight for most user groups and how these users and their expectations have changed, without us realizing. It contains a strong plea for a focus shift for librarians, a focus into the environments where the users are, instead of expecting them to come to us, or our resources. Exploration of all relevant user environments for your organization, the use of new web-based technologies with Web 2.0 elements and certainly a more structural technical re-design of library information systems is required to deliver library services and resources at the place of need. A simple shortterm solution like a Quick-Search Library Toolbar is explained here as a tool for taking library to user. This paper will discuss the Technology, Methodology and Usability and1 multitasking nature of Library Toolbars for enhanced search methodology. This will also discuss how toolbar can be helpful in getting latest information about the happenings around the globe, latest availability of resources in the library, email check with single click and how the library toolbar has been adopted at authors institution for better user education and information communication. The paper concludes with the remarks for research on more tools like library toolbar for enhancing library activity for user unreached

IR & FTIR STUDIES OF Na2O-Bi2O-B2O3 GLASSES DOPED WITH MoO3

Alkali oxy borate glasses are well known due to their variety of applications in phosphors, solar energy converters and in a number of electronic devices. These glasses have high mechanical strength when compared with the pure borate glasses. On the other hand heavy metal oxide (Bi2O3) glasses owing to high refractive index such glasses exhibit non-linear effects. Besides, high density and transparency of these glasses make them useful for a variety of optical applications such as radiation shielding windows and scintillation counters. Extensive studies on several spectroscopic properties like optical, Electron Spin Resonance and Fourier Transform Infrared of various alkali borate glasses doped with different transition and rare earth metal ions are available. Among various transition metal oxide doped glasses, the Moo3 doped borate glasses have gained much importance in recent years MoO3 is known to have a structure composed of Mo pyramidsglasses show a semi conducting behavior with the electrical conductivity of 10-3 to 10-5 (ohm-cm)-1 which is known to be electron transfer between MO ions, existing in the structure of the glass. Further the conductivity in these glasses can be explained by a small polaron hopping theory. Further vanadium glasses are identified as n-type semiconductor s molybdenum ions are expected to dissolve easily in borate network because some of the infrared vibrational bands lie in the same region as those of BO3 and BO4 structural units. Virtually no devoted studies on spectroscopic studies such as optical absorption, electron spin resonance and FTIR on alkali borate glasses doped with Moo3 transition metal are available. Study on these properties of glasses helps in assessing their structural aspects and can also be used as a tool to throw some light on the insulating/conducting character of the glasses. The objective of the work incorporated in the dissertation is to have some understanding over the influence of MoO3on the structural aspects of Na¬2O-Bi2O3-B2O3 from a systematic study of optical absorption, FTIR spectra. The following composition is chosen for the present study: 10Na2O-(20-x) Bi2O3-70B2O3:xMoO3with x ranging from 0 to 3.0 wt%

Assessment of hand function after successful replantation of upper limb at arm

In upper arm replantation, a successful anastomosis guarantees the viability and good quality repair determines the overall function of the hand.There is paucity of successful arm replantation case reports in the literature. This is a case report of a successful arm replantation in a four year child with a near total functional outcome. We have used different scores to assess the functional outcome

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Not AvailableThe present investigation was carried out to understand the temperature induced dynamics of berry anthocyanin development and berry quality in wine grape (Vitis vinifera L.) cultivars Shiraz and Cabernet Sauvignon. Temperature variations during fruit maturation period were achieved by altering the pruning dates. Vines were pruned at weekly intervals starting from third or fourth week of October to the end of November. The changes in berry quality parameters such as total soluble solids (TSS), titratable acidity, total anthocyanins, total phenols and total flavonoids were recorded at weekly intervals starting from veraison to harvest. All the quality parameters were significantly higher in early pruned vines of both the cultivars indicating that the best time for pruning to get good quality wine grapes is during the third or fourth week of October. The major quality parameter affected by the temperature during the berry maturation stage was total anthocyanin content. Maximum and minimum temperature (weekly average) during different week from veraison to harvest were recorded. Early pruned vines exposed to a mean day/night temperatures of 30.7°C/14.9°C and 29.6°C/14.1°C in cv. Shiraz and late pruned vines exposed to a mean day/night temperatures of 32.0°C/16.2°C and 32.1°C/16.0°C in cv. Cabernet Sauvignon during 2010 and 2011 respectively. The pattern of anthocyanin development during the berry maturation period (veraison to harvest) indicated that the maximum anthocyanin accumulation was in the second and third week of March; the concentration decreased thereafter irrespective of dates of pruning in both the cultivars during the two years of the study. Correlation coefficients between the skin anthocyanin content and mean maximum and minimum temperatures showed a negative relationship in both the cultivars indicating that the increase in both maximum and minimum temperatures caused a reduction in anthocyanin content at harvest in late pruned vines.ICAR Network Project on Impact, Adaptation and Vulnerability of Indian Agriculture to Climate Chang

Antioxidant enzymes activity and physiological response of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum M.) genotypes under mild temperature stress

Not AvailableTomato being sensitive to high temperature experiences mild to high temperature stresses under climate change conditions. To understand the response of tomato genotypes to mild temperature stress, a study was conducted in temperature gradient tunnel facility. The results revealed that across the genotypes studied, specific activity of antioxidant enzymes viz., superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POX) and glutathione reductase (GR) increased significantly. Among the genotypes, increase in SOD activity was highest in cv. Arka Vikas, followed by IIHR 2195 and least in Abhinava. The GR activity was highest in Abhinava, followed by IIHR 2195 and least in cv. Arka Vikas. The mild temperature stress caused reduction in catalase (CAT) activity. The decrease in CAT activity and concomitant increase in POX activity was observed in cv. Arka Vikas. Low leaf water potential (Wleaf) and higher electrolyte leakage indicated that the membrane integrity was affected across the tomato genotypes even under mild temperature stress. Among the genotypes studied, cv. Arka Vikas showed greater activity of SOD and POX, higher membrane stability and least reduction in water potential under mild temperature stress.ICAR under NICRA projec