Studying the effects of minimal length in large extra dimensional models in the jet + missing energy channels at hadron colliders

Theories of quantum gravity suggest the existence of a minimal length scale. We study the consequences of a particular implementation of the idea of a minimal length scale in the model of large extra dimensions, the ADD model. To do this we have looked at real graviton production in association with a jet at hadron colliders. In the minimal length scenario, the bounds on the effective string scale are significantly less stringent than those derived in the conventional ADD model, both at the upgraded Tevatron and at the Large Hadron Collider.Comment: Latex, 9 pages, 4 PS figs; final version to appear in Eur Phys J

Case Study and Analysis of a Low Cost Housing Project in an Urban Area in India

An urban development project involving residential and school buildings as an extension of Madras city is described. The analysis of the project is made using the systems approach as a problem of human settlements. The methods adopted for efficient utilisation of space at optimal cost by functional planning, use of prefabricated units and use of new constructional procedures is described. The interrelationship between environmental, technical, social, cultural, psychological, economic, financial and management factors in making decisions for the project is discussed

Purification and characterization of cysteine protease from germinating cotyledons of horse gram

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Proteolytic enzymes play central role in the biochemical mechanism of germination and intricately involved in many aspects of plant physiology and development. To study the mechanism of protein mobilization, undertaken the task of purifying and characterizing proteases, which occur transiently in germinating seeds of horse gram.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Cysteine protease (CPRHG) was purified to homogeneity with 118 fold by four step procedure comprising Crude extract, (NH4)2SO4 fractionation, DEAE-Cellulose and CM-sephacel chromatography from the 2 day germinating cotyledons of horse gram (<it>Macrotyloma uniflorum </it>(Lam.) Verdc.). CPRHG is a monomer with molecular mass of 30 k Da, was determined by SDS-PAGE and gel filtration. The purified enzyme on IEF showed two isoforms having pI values of 5.85 and 6.1. CPRHG composed of high content of aspartic acid, glutamic acid and serine. The enzyme activity was completely inhibited by pCMB, iodoacetate and DEPC indicating cysteine and histidine residues at the active site. However, on addition of sulfhydryl reagents (cysteine, dithiothreitol, glutathione and beta-ME) reverse the strong inhibition by pCMB. The enzyme is fairly stable toward pH and temperature. Immunoblot analysis shows that the enzyme synthesized as zymogen (preproenzyme with 81 kDa) and processed to a 40 kDa proenzyme which was further degraded to give 30 kDa active enzyme.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>It appears that the newly synthesized protease is inactive, and activation takes place during germination. CPRHG has a broad substrate specificity and stability in pH, temperature, etc. therefore, this protease may turn out to be an efficient choice for the pharmaceutical, medicinal, food, and biotechnology industry.</p

Robust seed selection algorithm for k-means type algorithms

Selection of initial seeds greatly affects the quality of the clusters and in k-means type algorithms. Most of the seed selection methods result different results in different independent runs. We propose a single, optimal, outlier insensitive seed selection algorithm for k-means type algorithms as extension to k-means++. The experimental results on synthetic, real and on microarray data sets demonstrated that effectiveness of the new algorithm in producing the clustering resultsComment: 17 pages, 5 tables, 9figure

Addressing the Potential Impacts of Climate Change and Variability on Agricultural Crops and Water Resources in Pennar River Basin of Andhra Pradesh

The objective of the current study is to address the possible potential impacts of climate change and variability on agricultural crops and water resources in Pennar river basin, of Southern India. As part of the study Integrated Modelling Assessment (IMS) was developed by establishing functional links between hydrological model Soil Water Assessment Tool (SWAT), agricultural crop simulation model Environmental Policy Integrated Climate (EPIC) and regional climate model Providing REgional Climates for Impacts Studies (PRECIS). Database pertaining to climatic parameters, hydrological and agro-meteorological inputs to run integrated assessment systems are synthesized to run the model for study area. The model in general aim at major driver of this study is HadRM3 (Hadley Centre third generation regional climate model)—The Hadley Center Regional Climate Models resolution, which is 0.44° × 0.44° (approx. 50 km cell–size) on ground covering an average size of typical Indian districts/sub-basins. For regional levels the results are obtained by aggregating from the sub-basin/district level. The assessment will include the following components: (1) Baseline climatology, (2) Under global warning HadRM3 derived climate change scenarios, (3) Water Resources (Hydrological) analysis including irrigation water, and (4) agro-meteorological analysis including soil-water regime, plant growth and cropping pattern. Overall in Pennar region results revealed that the mean annual flows in the river system would increase by 8 % in A2 and 4 % in B2 whereas, increase in evapotranspiration losses were found to be about 10 % in A2 and 12 % in B2. Impacts on crop yields is the combined effect of increased surface temperatures, decreased rainfall and higher ambient atmospheric CO2. Three rain-fed crops (Groundnut, Sorghum, Sunflower) show decreased yields under A2, whereas B2 seemed to be relatively better than A2. The decrease is significant for groundnut (−38 % for A2 and −20 % for B2), but compared to groundnut impact were less detrimental for other two rain-fed crops (Sorghum and Sunflower). Rice being an irrigated crop in the region showed decrease in yield by −15 and −7 % for A2 and B2 scenarios respectively. Negative simulated crop yields in the region are predominantly due to increased surface temperatures in the future climate change scenarios

Evaluation of the effects of tramadol and diclofenac alone and in combination on post-cesarean pain

Background: Post-cesarean pain is a common cause of acute pain in the obstetrics. Pain in the postoperative period is an important impediment to recovery from surgery and anesthesia. This study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of postoperative analgesia and incidence of side-effects of centrally acting drug tramadol with peripherally acting drug diclofenac alone and in combination in patients undergoing elective cesarean delivery under spinal anesthesia.Methods: The study population of 90 patients was randomly divided into three groups of 30 each to receive the following treatments: tramadol (Group T), diclofenac (Group D), tramadol and diclofenac at reduced doses (Group TD).Results: Combination of tramadol and diclofenac produced significantly early analgesia in comparison to tramadol or diclofenac alone and decrease in the incidence of side-effects.Conclusion: We conclude that a multimodal approach to post-cesarean management with a combination of tramadol and diclofenac produced better analgesia than individual drugs and a reduction in the side-effects. Such a combination approach to relieve pain is more effective and advantageous

Syntheses, structure, reactivity and species recognition studies of oxo-vanadium(V) and -molybdenum(VI) complexes

Alkoxo-rich Schiff-bases of potentially tri-, tetra- and penta-dentate binding capacity, and their sodium tetrahydroborate-reduced derivatives, have been synthesized. Their oxo-vanadium(V) and -molybdenum(VI) complexes were synthesized and characterized using several analytical and spectral techniques including multinuclear NMR spectroscopy and single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies. Eight structurally different types of complexes possessing distorted square-pyramidal, trigonal-bipyramidal and octahedral geometries have been obtained. While (VO)-O-V exhibits dimeric Structures with 2-HOC6H4CH=NC(CH2OH)(3) and 2-HOC6H4CH2-NHC(CH2OH)(3) and related ligands through the formation of a symmetric V2O2 core as a result of bridging of one of the CH2O- groups, Mo O-VI gives only mononuclear complexes even when some unbound CH2OH groups are available and the metal center is co-ordinatively unsaturated. In all the complexes the nitrogen atom from a HC=N or H2CNH group of the ligand occupies a near trans position to the M=O bond. While the Schiff-base ligands act in a tri- and tetra-dentate manner in the vanadium(V) complexes, they are only tridentate in the molybdenum(VI) complexes. Proton NMR spectra in the region of bound CH, provides a signature that helps to differentiate dinuclear from mononuclear complexes. Carbon-13 NMR co-ordination induced shifts of the bound CH, group fit well with the charge on the oxometal species and the terminal or bridging nature of the ligand. The reactivity of the vanadium(V) complexes towards bromination of the dye xylene cyanole was studied. Transmetallation reactions of several preformed metal complexes of 2-HOC6H4CH=NC(CH2OH)(3) with VO3+ were demonstrated as was selective extraction of VO3+ from a mixture of VO(acac)(2)] and MoO2(acac)(2)] using this Schiff base. The unusual selectivity and that of related derivatives for VO3+ is supported by binding constants and the solubility of the final products, and was established through a.c. conductivity measurements. The cis-MoO22+ complexes with alkoxo binding showed an average Mo-O-alk distance of 1.926 Angstrom, a value that is close to that observed in the molybdenum(VI) enzyme dmso reductase (1.92 Angstrom). Several correlations have been drawn based on the data

Structural, magnetic and transport properties of Ni-Fe-Al alloys

Melt spun ribbons (MSR) of the Ni55Fe20Al25 alloy exhibit a first-order martensitic transition (MT) in the vicinity of a second-order ferromagnetic-to-paramagnetic phase transition. Contrasted with a sharp, complete and thermoelastic MT in MSR, a partial, sluggish and non-thermoelastic MT occurs in annealed Ni55Fe20Al25 alloy that possesses a much higher degree of atomic order. However, the annealed samples have stronger local magnetocrystalline anisotropy and higher Curie temperature (TC) than MSR. Negative magnetoresistance, &#916;&#961;|/&#961;, is two times larger in MSR than in the annealed case. &#916;&#961;|/&#961;vs. H isotherms in MSR change curvature from concave-upwards to concave-downwards as the temperature is raised through TC whereas concave-downward curvature persists over the entire temperature range in the annealed counterpart