Giant intra-abdominal hydatid cysts with multivisceral locations

The disseminated intra-peritoneal hydatid disease is a very rare finding. A case of disseminated intra abdominal hydatid disease is presented along with a review of literature and various therapeutic modalitie

Agroforestry

Agroforestry has the double benefit of making grain and wood from bushes alongside crop advent from a solitary actual property parcel. It is beneficial to broaden teak, crease, sesame, and eucalyptus for wood, lumber for apparatuses, crease, bamboo and teak, bamboo for paper and mash, and karanj for biofuel. Manure bushes are for land recovery, soil wellbeing, and food security; herbal product bushes for sustenance and pay; feed bushes that in addition broaden smallholder domesticated animals’ advent; lumber and gasoline wooden bushes for secure residence and energy; healing bushes to war infection, especially in which there’s no drug store; and bushes that produce gums, tars, or plastic items. Ranchers having substantial land maintenance commonly take in this path of motion of tree planting. Significant tree species for block planting are poplar, eucalyptus, and deck. This vegetable offers a top-notch wellspring of high-protein dairy farm animal grain. The range is separated from the leaves, blossoms, bark, seeds, and so on from palas blossoms to orange, from one purple to any other, from one blue to any other, and so forth getting colors. If you are taking a gander on the historic backdrop of horticultural ranger carrier in India, we are those with the maximum profile of rehearsing rural ranger carrier. This assists with saving the dampness withinside the dust for pretty a while. So, we ought to make use of strategies like ranger carrier, and natural product cultivation. Raising animals at the homestead, cows, bison, goats, and hens bring fulfilment to the ranch. The agroforestry framework has the selection to study munching with the aid of using the reception of feed tree species with suitable grasses. Safeguarding systems and streets from floating snow, funding price range in domesticated animals’ advent with the aid of using lessening wind chills, safeguarding crops, giving untamed existence territory, disposing of climatic carbon dioxide and handing over oxygen, lowering breeze pace, and as a consequence proscribing breeze disintegration and particulate depend withinside the air, diminishing commotion contamination, and moderating heady fragrance from focused domesticated animals’ activities

DRUG UTILIZATION STUDY IN DERMATOLOGY IN A TERTIARY HOSPITAL IN DELHI

Abstract : Tile present study was undertaken to describe patterns of dermatological drug utilization in a tertiary hospital in Delhi by measuring WHO delineated drug use indicators. Six hundred and six prescriptions of dermatology out-patients were analyzed and the data collected were used to evaluate the following drug use indicators; average number of drug per prescription, average consultation time, percentage of drugs prescribed by generic name, percentage of encounters with an antibiotic prescribed, percentage of encounters with an injection prescribed and percentage of drug prescribed from the essential drugs list or formulary. The average number of drugs per prescription ± SO was found to be 2.6 ± 1.2, average consultation time ± SD was 4.4 :t 2.6 minutes, percentage of drug prescribed by generic name was 6.98, percentage of encounters with an antibiotic and injection prescribed were 46.86 and 6.76 respectively and 23% of the total drugs prescribed were from Delhi State Essential Drugs Formulary

Deep learning based automated epidermal growth factor receptor and anaplastic lymphoma kinase status prediction of brain metastasis in non-small cell lung cancer

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility of developing a deep learning (DL) algorithm for classifying brain metastases from non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) into epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation and anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) rearrangement groups and to compare the accuracy with classification based on semantic features on imaging. Methods: Data set of 117 patients was analysed from 2014 to 2018 out of which 33 patients were EGFR positive, 43 patients were ALK positive and 41 patients were negative for either mutation. Convolutional neural network (CNN) architecture efficient net was used to study the accuracy of classification using T1 weighted (T1W) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequence, T2 weighted (T2W) MRI sequence, T1W post contrast (T1post) MRI sequence, fluid attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) MRI sequences. The dataset was divided into 80% training and 20% testing. The associations between mutation status and semantic features, specifically sex, smoking history, EGFR mutation and ALK rearrangement status, extracranial metastasis, performance status and imaging variables of brain metastasis were analysed using descriptive analysis [chi-square test (χ2)], univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis assuming 95% confidence interval (CI). Results: In this study of 117 patients, the analysis by semantic method showed 79.2% of the patients belonged to ALK positive were non-smokers as compared to double negative groups (P = 0.03). There was a 10-fold increase in ALK positivity as compared to EGFR positivity in ring enhancing lesions patients (P = 0.015) and there was also a 6.4-fold increase in ALK positivity as compared to double negative groups in meningeal involvement patients (P = 0.004). Using CNN Efficient Net DL model, the study achieved 76% accuracy in classifying ALK rearrangement and EGFR mutations without manual segmentation of metastatic lesions. Analysis of the manually segmented dataset resulted in improved accuracy of 89% through this model. Conclusions: Both semantic features and DL model showed comparable accuracy in classifying EGFR mutation and ALK rearrangement. Both methods can be clinically used to predict mutation status while biopsy or genetic testing is undertaken

Vision, challenges and opportunities for a Plant Cell Atlas

With growing populations and pressing environmental problems, future economies will be increasingly plant-based. Now is the time to reimagine plant science as a critical component of fundamental science, agriculture, environmental stewardship, energy, technology and healthcare. This effort requires a conceptual and technological framework to identify and map all cell types, and to comprehensively annotate the localization and organization of molecules at cellular and tissue levels. This framework, called the Plant Cell Atlas (PCA), will be critical for understanding and engineering plant development, physiology and environmental responses. A workshop was convened to discuss the purpose and utility of such an initiative, resulting in a roadmap that acknowledges the current knowledge gaps and technical challenges, and underscores how the PCA initiative can help to overcome them.</jats:p

Assessment of the Agroforestry System on Farmers Socioeconomic Status in Azamgarh District, Uttar Pradesh, India

The study investigated that the Socioeconomic status and use of an agroforestry system, 20 farmers from one district, four blocks, and four villages per block were randomly selected. The socioeconomic condition of the agroforestry system in the Azamgarh districts of Uttar Pradesh is based on preliminary study. According to the size of their holdings, the respondents were divided into Palhani, Bilariyaganj, Mehnagar, and Jahanaganj block farmers, and observations were made about their socioeconomic profiles. Farmers ranged in age from middle-aged to elderly; the majority had completed middle school, whereas large farmers were more likely to have completed high school; most of them were nuclear families with semi-cemented or cemented homes and had more than 10 years of expertise in agriculture and agroforestry. Their family sizes ranged from medium to big, or over 5 individuals. In the three categories of farmers, the risk orientation ranged from low to medium; the scientific orientation was of a medium degree. The large farmers were found to be more exposed to the media, and most farmers were found to attend group meetings. Smallholder farmers, especially in developing nations, contribute significantly to local, regional, and economies as a result of socioeconomic and environmental constraints. About 75% of the world's agricultural land is used by smallholders

Early neonatal hyperbilirubinemia using first day serum bilirubin level

Objective: To evaluate the predictive value of total serum bilirubin (TSB) £6 mg/dl at 24±6 hr postnatal age in identifying near term and term infants, who do not develop hyperbilirubinemia subsequently. Design: Prospective study. Setting: Tertiary care hospital. Methods: All healthy neonates with gestation ³ 35 weeks, in absence of significant illness or Rh hemolysis were included. TSB was estimated at 24±6 hr by micromethod using spectrophotometry. Infants were followed up clinically every 12 hr till discharge and then after 48 hr. TSB level was estimated again whenever clinical suspicion of jaundice exceeded 10 mg/dl. Primary outcome was defined as presence of hyperbilirubinemia (TSB ³ 17 mg/dl) till day five of age. Results: Of the 220 infants, 213 (96.8%) were followed up. All infants were exclusively breastfed. Mean age at bilirubin estimation was 24.7 ± 1.9 hr with mean TSB of 5.9 ± 1.8 mg/dl. Clinically detectable jaundice was present in 164 (77%) and hyperbilirubinemia occurred in 22 (10.3%) infants. A TSB level of £ 6 mg/dl at 24 ± 6 hr was present in 136 (63.8%) infants and only one infant developed hyperbilirubinemia subsequently (probability &#60;1%). In the remaining 77 (36.1%) infants, with TSB &#62;6 mg/dl, subsequent hyperbilirubinemia developed in 21 (27.2%) (sensitivity 95%, specificity 70.6%, positive predictive value 27.2%, negative predictive value 99.3%, likelihood ratio of positive test 3.23 and likelihood ratio of negative test 0.07). Babies with TSB levels higher than 6 mg/dl had a significant risk of developing hyperbilirubinemia (relative risk 38; 95% confidence interval 6-1675). Conclusion: A TSB level of £ 6mg/dl at 24 ± 6 hr of life predicted neonates who would not develop hyperbilirubinemia

Breastfeeding practices and health-seeking behavior for neonatal sickness in a rural community

The aim of the study was to evaluate the knowledge of mothers and grandmothers regarding breastfeeding and health-seeking behavior for neonatal sickness in a rural community. A cross-sectional survey, using a triangulation of qualitative (focus group discussion) and quantitative (structured questionnaire) methods was carried out. Although most of the grandmothers and mothers believed in early feeding within 2 h of delivery, they often administered prelacteal feeds such as ghutti and honey. Colostrum was considered beneficial. Most respondents believed that ghutti, water, or both should be given along with breastmilk. Diluted buffalo milk was the preferred choice if supplementation was required. It was thought that weaning should be introduced after 6 months of life. Mothers preferred to give dalia and khichri as the initial weaning food compared to roti and dal water by grandmothers. Both grandmothers and mothers felt that a baby who was playful and not crying excessively was usually healthy. Most of the respondents described the normal pattern of breathing, feeding, urination, and defecation adequately. Most of the grandmothers and mother's felt that by touching forehead and limbs of baby could reliably assess temperature. Refusal to feed was considered as a marker of a sickness by most grandmothers and mothers. However, they also believed that health-seeking for poor feeding could be delayed for 1 day. Respiratory distress was described by the presence of fast respiration, chest retractions, or noisy breathing. Most respondents did not know how to assess cyanosis or seizures. Jaundice was descried as yellowish discoloration of skin, eyes, and urine. Failure to pass urine for 4-6 h bothered most of the respondents. The first response to illness was home remedies. The choice of healthcare was unqualified village practitioners followed by government hospital. Knowledge regarding desirable breastfeeding practices was inadequate and quite a few inappropriate beliefs were widely prevalent. Although knowledge regarding sickness was present, health-seeking from qualified providers was considerably delayed with most respondents preferring village practitioners to government hospitals