An oxygen transport model of human bone marrow for hemolytic sickle cell anemia

The human bone marrow (BM) is a complicated tissue with intricate vascular and heterogeneous extravascular (tissue) architecture. Oxygen is an important modulator of differentiation and proliferation of the BM hematopoietic cells under normal and pathological conditions. Currently, due to the inaccessibility of the BM, it is not possible to measure the spatial distribution of the oxygen tension (concentration) levels in the tissue. Thus, the present treatise utilizes mathematical modeling to offer a greater insight on the effects of oxygen on the BM cellular components. Here, we present simulation results that are correlated with known in vivo data of BM along with proposing a model for the two state description of allosteric hemoglobin molecule under hemolytic sickle cell anemia condition of BM

T-Count optimized quantum circuit designs for single-precision floating-point division

The implementation of quantum computing processors for scientific applications includes quantum floating points circuits for arithmetic operations. This work adopts the standard division algorithms for floating-point numbers with restoring, non-restoring, and Goldschmidt division algorithms for single-precision inputs. The design proposals are carried out while using the quantum Clifford+T gates set, and resource estimates in terms of numbers of qubits, T-count, and T-depth are provided for the proposed circuits. By improving the leading zero detector (LZD) unit structure, the proposed division circuits show a significant reduction in the T-count when compared to the existing works on floating-point division

Meta-analysis of Outcomes Following Aneurysm Repair in Patients with Synchronous Intra-abdominal Malignancy.

OBJECTIVES: The management of concomitant intra-abdominal malignancy (IAM) and abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) remains a challenge, even though malignancy is common in an elderly population. By means of systematic review and meta-analysis, the aim was to investigate outcomes in patients undergoing open (OAR) or endovascular AAA repair (EVAR) that have a concomitant malignancy. METHODS: A systematic literature review was performed (Medline and EMBASE databases) to identify all series reporting outcomes of AAA repair (OAR or EVAR) in patients with concomitant IAM. Meta-analysis was applied to assess mortality and major morbidity at 30 days and long term. RESULTS: The literature review identified 36 series (543 patients) and the majority (18 series) reported on patients with colorectal malignancy and AAA. Mean weighted mortality for OAR at 30 days was 11% (95% CI: 6.6% to 17.9%); none of the EVAR patients died peri-operatively. The weighted 30-day major complication rate for EVAR was 20.4% (10.0-37.4%) and for OAR it was 15.4% (7.0-30.8%). Most patients had their AAA and malignancy treated non-simultaneously (56.6%, 95% CI, 42.1-70.1%). In the EVAR cohort, three patients (4.6%) died at last follow-up (range 24-64 months). In the OAR cohort 23 (10.6%) had died at last follow up (range from 4 to 73 months). CONCLUSION: In this meta-analysis, OAR was associated with significant peri-operative mortality in patients with an IAM. EVAR should be the first-line modality of AAA repair. The majority of patients were not treated simultaneously for the two pathologies, but further investigation is necessary to define the optimal timing for each procedure and malignancy

Synthesis, structure, computational, antimicrobial and <i>in vitro</i> anticancer studies of copper(II) complexes with N,N,N′,N′-tetrakis(2-hydroxyethyl)ethylenediamine and tris(2-hydroxyethyl)amine

<div><p>The present work consists of synthesis, structural characterization, spectral, density functional theory (DFT), antimicrobial, and anticancer studies of two copper(II) complexes, [Cu(THEEN)(DNB)](DNB) (<b>1</b>) and [Cu(TEAH₃)₂](DNB)₂ (<b>2</b>). In these complexes, THEEN is N,N,N′,N′-tetrakis(2-hydroxyethyl)ethylenediamine, a tetrapodal ligand, and TEAH₃ is tris(2-hydroxyethyl)amine, a tripodal ligand, and the counter-anion is 3,5-dinitrobenzoate (DNB⁻). X-ray crystallography studies reveal that both complexes have distorted octahedron geometries. DFT studies have been performed to calculate structural parameters, vibrational bands, and energy gaps of frontier orbital (HOMO-LUMO) with B3LYP/6–31G*/LANL2DZ level of theory using DMSO as solvent. The theoretical and crystallographic analyses are consistent. Antimicrobial studies have been performed with new copper(II) complexes against Gram(+) bacteria (<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>), Gram(−) bacteria (<i>Serratia marcescens</i>, <i>Sphingobium japonicum,</i> and <i>Stenotrophomonas maltophilia</i>) and fungal species (<i>Candida albicans</i>, <i>Aspergillus niger,</i> and <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i>). The copper(II) complexes have also shown <i>in vitro</i> cytotoxicity on MCF-7, HCT-116, and HL-60 human cell lines. This study demonstrates that <b>2</b> was active against MCF-7 cell lines with IC₅₀ of 23 μg/mL.</p></div

Restenosis after Carotid Interventions and Its Relationship with Recurrent Ipsilateral Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

OBJECTIVE: Do asymptomatic restenoses > 70% after carotid endarterectomy (CEA) and carotid stenting (CAS) increase the risk of late ipsilateral stroke? METHODS: Systematic review identified 11 randomised controlled trials (RCTs) reporting rates of restenosis > 70% (and/or occlusion) in patients who had undergone CEA/CAS for the treatment of primary atherosclerotic disease, and nine RCTs reported late ipsilateral stroke rates. Proportional meta-analyses and odds ratios (OR) at end of follow-up were performed. RESULTS: The weighted incidence of restenosis > 70% was 5.8% after "any" CEA, median 47 months (11 RCTs; 4249 patients); 4.1% after patched CEA, median 32 months (5 RCTs; 1078 patients), and 10% after CAS, median 62 months (5 RCTs; 2716 patients). In four RCTs (1964 patients), one of 125 (0.8%) with restenosis > 70% (or occlusion) after CAS suffered late ipsilateral stroke over a median 50 months, compared with 37 of 1839 (2.0%) in CAS patients with no significant restenosis (OR 0.87; 95% CI 0.24-3.21; p = .8339). In seven RCTs (2810 patients), 13 out of 141 (9.2%) with restenosis > 70% (or occlusion) after CEA suffered late ipsilateral stroke over a median 37 months, compared with 33 out of 2669 (1.2%) in patients with no significant restenoses (OR 9.02; 95% CI 4.70-17.28; p  70% before stroke onset, the prevalence of stroke ipsilateral to an untreated asymptomatic > 70% restenosis was seven out of 135 (5.2%) versus 40 out of 2704 (1.5%) in CEA patients with no significant restenosis (OR 4.77; 95% CI 2.29-9.92). CONCLUSIONS: CAS patients with untreated asymptomatic > 70% restenosis had an extremely low rate of late ipsilateral stroke (0.8% over 50 months). CEA patients with untreated, asymptomatic > 70% restenosis had a significantly higher risk of late ipsilateral stroke (compared with patients with no restenosis), but this was only 5% at 37 months. Overall, 97% of all late ipsilateral strokes after CAS and 85% after CEA occurred in patients without evidence of significant restenosis or occlusion

Supplemental Figure 44: Bin mapping results for TermPC1.

Supplemental Figure 44: Bin mapping results for TermPC1. See Supplemental Dataset 7 online for trait details and Supplemental Figure 15 online for legend

Supplemental Figure 38: Bin mapping results for LfStomRatio.

Supplemental Figure 38: Bin mapping results for LfStomRatio. See Supplemental Dataset 7 online for trait details and Supplemental Figure 15 online for legend

Supplemental Figure 41: Bin mapping results for LftRound.

Supplemental Figure 41: Bin mapping results for LftRound. See Supplemental Dataset 7 online for trait details and Supplemental Figure 15 online for legend

Supplemental Figure 2: RNAseq-based genotyping of all chromosomes.

Supplemental Figure 2: RNAseq-based genotyping of all chromosomes. Shown are the S. pennellii introgression regions for ILs covering chromosomes 1 to 12 (A-L) as determined by RNA-Seq. The depth of coverage (distance from midpoint on y-axis) and genotype (color and direction on y-axis) of each SNP/indel is plotted against chromosomal position (x-axis). Polymorphisms that match S. pennellii are colored green and plotted on the top half of each IL panel, while polymorphisms matching cv. M82 are plotted in magenta in the bottom halves. The coloring is on a continuum such that the color approaches black as a position’s genotype approaches heterozygosity. The y-axis tick marks indicate depths of coverage ranging from 0 to 100. Subsequent to genotyping, introgression boundaries consistent between the RNA-Seq and RESCAN analyses were delineated. Using these breakpoints, S. pennellii and cv. M82 regions are summarized by horizontal lines at the top and bottom of each IL panel, respectively

Supplemental Figure 12: IL10-3 exhibits QTL affecting pavement cell size and stomatal density.

Supplemental Figure 12: IL10-3 exhibits QTL affecting pavement cell size and stomatal density. A) Images of epidermal peels from the adaxial side of mature leaves and cotyledons are shown. S. pennellii has larger pavement cells and decreased stomatal density relative to cv. M82, perhaps an adaptive feature to its native arid environment. IL10-3 exhibits decreased stomatal density on the adaxial side of mature leaves relative to cv. M82, and increased pavement cell size and decreased stomatal density on the adaxial side of cotyledons. B) IL10-3 is consistently one of the most extreme ILs for a suite of related traits, including adaxial leaf stomatal density, adaxial cotyledon stomatal density, and adaxial cotyledon pavement cell size. One perspective is that, because stomatal patterning in IL10-3 relative cv. M82 is not significantly changed, increases in pavement cell size decrease stomatal density