Late Fusion with Triplet Margin Objective for Multimodal Ideology Prediction and Analysis

Prior work on ideology prediction has largely focused on single modalities, i.e., text or images. In this work, we introduce the task of multimodal ideology prediction, where a model predicts binary or five-point scale ideological leanings, given a text-image pair with political content. We first collect five new large-scale datasets with English documents and images along with their ideological leanings, covering news articles from a wide range of US mainstream media and social media posts from Reddit and Twitter. We conduct in-depth analyses of news articles and reveal differences in image content and usage across the political spectrum. Furthermore, we perform extensive experiments and ablation studies, demonstrating the effectiveness of targeted pretraining objectives on different model components. Our best-performing model, a late-fusion architecture pretrained with a triplet objective over multimodal content, outperforms the state-of-the-art text-only model by almost 4% and a strong multimodal baseline with no pretraining by over 3%.Comment: EMNLP 202

Study on properties and mechanism of alkali-activated geopolymer cementitious materials of marble waste powder

In order to explore the effect and mechanism of marble waste powder on the properties of alkali-activated slag composite cementitious materials. The effects of different parameters on the properties of alkali-activated slag composite cementitious materials were studied by taking the particle size, content of marble waste powder and alkali liquid modulus as the change parameters. The results show that marble powder (SW) can effectively improve the fluidity of the slurry, and the larger the particle size, the more obvious the fluidity of the slurry. The alkali liquid modulus has a significant effect on the compressive strength of cementitious materials, and low alkali liquid modulus is beneficial to improve the compressive strength of cementitious materials. Alkali-activated marble powder cementitious material found Ca6(Si2O7)(OH)6 and Ca(OH)2, and Si–O bond vibration characteristic peak vibration peak in geopolymer unit. Based on the experimental results, the mechanism and reaction process of marble powder were established

Independent component analysis based digital signal processing in coherent optical fiber communication systems

In this paper, channel equalization techniques for coherent optical fiber transmission systems based on independent component analysis (ICA) are reviewed. The principle of ICA for blind source separation is introduced. The ICA based channel equalization after both single-mode fiber and few-mode fiber transmission for single-carrier and orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) modulation formats are investigated, respectively. The performance comparisons with conventional channel equalization techniques are discussed

Prevalence and associated factors of frailty in patients with chronic kidney disease:a cross-sectional analysis of PEAKING study

Aim: Frailty is common and is reported to be associated with adverse outcomes in patients with chronic diseases in Western countries. However, the prevalence of frailty remains unclear in individuals with chronic kidney disease (CKD) in China. We examined the prevalence of frailty and factors associated with frailty in patients with CKD.Methods: This was a cross-sectional analysis of 177 adult patients (mean age 54 ± 15 years, 52% men) with CKD from the open cohort entitled Physical Evaluation and Adverse outcomes for patients with chronic Kidney disease IN Guangdong (PEAKING). Frailty at baseline were assessed by FRAIL scale which included five items: fatigue, resistance, ambulation, illnesses, and loss of weight. Potential risk factors of frailty including age, sex, body mass index, and daily step counts recorded by ActiGraph GT3X + accelerometer were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression analysis.Results: The prevalence of prefrailty and frailty was 50.0% and 11.9% in patients with stages 4-5 CKD, 29.6% and 9.3% in stage 3, and 32.1% and 0 in stages 1-2. In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, an increase of 100 steps per day (OR = 0.95, 95% CI 0.91-0.99, P = 0.01) and an increase of 5 units eGFR (OR = 0.82, 95% CI 0.68-0.99, P = 0.045) were inversely associated with being frail; higher BMI was associated with a higher likelihood of being frail (OR = 1.52, 95% CI 1.11-2.06, P = 0.008) and prefrail (OR = 1.25, 95% CI 1.10-1.42, P = 0.001).Conclusion: Frailty and prefrailty were common in patients with advanced CKD. A lower number of steps per day, lower eGFR, and a higher BMI were associated with frailty in this population

#1060 Prevalence and adverse outcomes of hypokalemia and the role of potassium supplementation in patients receiving peritoneal dialysis

Background and AimsHypokalemia is common and potentially life-threatening in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis (PD). The reported prevalence of hypokalemia in PD patients varies significantly across studies, with ongoing debate about its association to adverse outcomes and the effects of potassium supplementation.MethodWe searched MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science and references from eligible studies from database inception through September 2023 without language restriction for randomized controlled trials (RCTs), cohort studies, case-control studies, and cross-sectional studies on the prevalence and adverse outcomes (all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, infection-related mortality, and PD-associated peritonitis) of hypokalemia or the role of potassium supplementation in patients receiving PD. Random effects meta-analysis is conducted to pool Hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for the outcomes of interest. The certainty of findings was rated according to GRADE criteria.ResultsOut of 3 298 reports identified, 23 studies involving 59 433 participants met inclusion criteria. The prevalence of hypokalemia across all definitions was 37.9% (95% CI: 27.2-52.7%), 19.0% (95% CI: 13.0-27.6%) (Fig. 1), and 4.4% (95% CI: 1.9-10.2%) for patients with potassium level below 4.0, 3.5 and 3.0 mmol/L. Hypokalemia was associated with increased risk of all-cause mortality (HR: 1.49; 95% CI: 1.18-1.89) (Fig. 2), cardiovascular mortality (HR: 1.50; 95% CI: 1.19-1.88), and PD-associated peritonitis (HR: 1.53; 95% CI: 1.23-1.88). These associations were consistent, but evidence was predominantly of low to very low certainty. Results for subgroup and sensitivity analyses were consistent with the primary finding. Only two studies examined the impact of correcting hypokalemia with potassium supplementation in PD patients, and the results are inconclusive.ConclusionHypokalemia is common and portends poorer survival and higher risk of peritonitis among PD patients. Further research into the optimal prevention and treatment strategies for hypokalemia is warranted to improve outcomes

Three-dimensional supercritical resolved light-induced magnetic holography

In the era of big data, there exists a growing gap between data generated and storage capacity using two-dimensional (2D) magnetic storage technologies (for example, hard disk drives), because they have reached their performance saturation. 3D volumetric all-optical magnetic holography is emerging rapidly as a promising road map to realizing high-density capacity for its fast magnetization control and subwavelength magnetization volume. However, most of the reported light-induced magnetization confronts the problems of impurely longitudinal magnetization, diffraction-limited spot, and uncontrollable magnetization reversal. To overcome these challenges, we propose a novel 3D light-induced magnetic holography based on the conceptual supercritical design with multibeam combination in the 4π microscopic system. We theoretically demonstrate a 3D deep super-resolved Embedded Image purely longitudinal magnetization spot by focusing six coherent circularly polarized beams with two opposing high numerical aperture objectives, which allows 3D magnetic holography with a volumetric storage density of up to 1872 terabit per cubic inches. The number and locations of the super-resolved magnetization spots are controllable, and thus, desired magnetization arrays in 3D volume can be produced with properly designed phase filters. Moreover, flexible magnetization reversals are also demonstrated in multifocal arrays by using different illuminations with opposite light helicity. In addition to data storage, this magnetic holography may find applications in information security, such as identity verification for a credit card with magnetic stripe.NRF (Natl Research Foundation, S’pore)ASTAR (Agency for Sci., Tech. and Research, S’pore)Published versio