DETERMINAN PERILAKU SEKSUAL REMAJA PADA SISWA SEKOLAH MENENGAH ATAS (SMA) DI KABUPATEN DEMAK

Background: Adolescent sexual behaviors tend to increase and cause many consequences, but efforts to prevent and control the sexual behaviors are limited. It is important to analyze what determinants related to adolescent sexual behaviors. Aim: To identify and analyze determinants of the adolescent sexual behaviors of senior high school students in Demak Regency. Methods: The analytical observational study with cross sectional design was conducted on March to April 2015 in several senior high schools in Demak Regency. A total of 264 samples were selected by cluster sampling. The data were taken from self-administered questionnaires then were analyzed using Chi Square and Fisher Exact tests followed by multivariate logistic regression. Results: There were 12.9% of respondents who experienced high risk sexual behaviors. There were no significant association between sex (p=0.393), residence (p=0.169), sexual and reproduction health knowledge (p=0,674), sexual attitudes (p=0,169), self-esteem (p=0.928), religiosity (p=0.570), parental influence (p=0.764), and values (p=1.000) with the adolescent sexual behaviors. There were significant association between self-efficacy (p=0.022), media exposure of pornography (p<0.001), and peer group influence (p=0.003) with the adolescent sexual behaviors. Media exposure of pornography (OR=0,379, CI: 0,153-0,941) and peer group influence (OR=0,145, CI: 0,062-0,341) were determinants of the adolescent sexual behaviors. Conclusion: Self efficacy, media exposure of pornography, and peer group influence were associated with adolescent sexual behaviors. Low media exposure of pornography and good peer group influence were protective determinants of the high risk adolescent sexual behaviors. Key words: adolescent sexual behavior, determinan

PENGARUH PENYULUHAN TERHADAP TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN TENTANG KESEHATAN REPRODUKSI PADA SISWA SMA ATAU SEDERAJAT DI KECAMATAN BANDUNGAN

Background The adolescent’ demands are uneasy to be fulfilled and understood. These, especially for reproductive health, lead to adolescent public issue emerging. Issues regarding adolescent reproductive health’s important, particularly who live in a prostitution area. Education, specifically is counseling, becomes a solution decreasing issues concern to lack of reproductive health knowledge in adolescent. Aim To understand the effect of counseling to knowledge level of reproductive health on High School students in the district of Bandungan. Method This research was conducted using quasi experimental pre-test and post-test nonequivalent control group design. Eighty samples of second grade students were taken by cluster sampling, divided into two groups. Forty samples were grouped as a control and the other experimental group. Every subjects in each group was given pretest questionnaire. The experimental group was followed by reproductive health counseling and other had no intervention. Posttest questionnaire was given one week after pretest. Data were analyzed using paired t test and its alternative Wilcoxon test for each group and independent t test and its alternative Mann-Whitney test comparing both groups. Result There was no significant difference on knowledge level of reproductive health in control group (p=0,103). On the other hand, there was a significant difference before and after counseling in the experimental group (p=0,000). Significant difference was also found in knowledge level analyzing between control and experimental group (p=0,000). Conclusion Counseling increases knowledge level of reproductive health on High School students in the district of Bandungan. Keywords counseling, knowledge level, reproductive health, adolescents, prostitutio

PERBEDAAN STATUS GIZI PADA ANAK DENGAN PENYAKIT JANTUNG BAWAAN SIANOTIK DAN ASIANOTIK

Backgrounds : The incidence of CHD is six to eight among a thousand births in population. Malnutrition may increase the morbidity and mortality of childen with CHD. Objective: To evaluate nutritional status differences in children with cyanotic and acyanotic CHD. Methods: This study used an observational study design with a cross sectional approach. The subject of this study were the children with CHD who came to dr.Kariadi hospital in April to June 2012. Anthropometric was conducted by weight and height measurement, and data about the frequency of illness and two days food recall were asked to their parents. Data was analysis by using Chi-Square. Results: The number of respondents in this study is 53 children, 13 children with cyanotic CHD and 40 children with acyanotic CHD. In children with cyanotic CHD obtained that nutritional status of 11 children were undernutrition (84.6%) and 2 children had a normal nutritional status (15.4%) . In children with acyanotic CHD obtained that nutritional status of 18 children were undernutrition (45%) and 22 children had a normal nutritional status (55%). Chi-Square hypothesis test, confirm that there are significant differences of nutritional status between cyanotic and acyanotic patients (p = 0.013). There are no significant differences of data characteristics between cyanotic and acyanotic patients. Conclusion: There are significant differences of nutritional status in children with cyanotic and acyanotic CHD. Keyword: Nutritional status, Congenital Heart Disease, Cyanotic, Acyanoti

Determinan Perilaku Seksual Remaja Pada Siswa Sekolah Menengah Atas (SMA) Di Kabupaten Demak

Background: Adolescent sexual behaviors tend to increase and cause many consequences, but efforts to prevent and control the sexual behaviors are limited. It is important to analyze what determinants related to adolescent sexual behaviors.Aim: To identify and analyze determinants of the adolescent sexual behaviors of senior high school students in Demak Regency.Methods: The analytical observational study with cross sectional design was conducted on March to April 2015 in several senior high schools in Demak Regency. A total of 264 samples were selected by cluster sampling. The data were taken from self-administered questionnaires then were analyzed using Chi Square and Fisher Exact tests followed by multivariate logistic regression.Results: There were 12.9% of respondents who experience high risk sexual behaviors. There were no significant association between sex (p=0.393), residence (p=0.169), sexual and reproduction health knowledge (p=0,674), sexual attitudes (p=0,169), self-esteem (p=0.928), religiosity (p=0.570), parental influence (p=0.764), and values (p=1.000) with the adolescent sexual behaviors. There were significant association between self-efficacy (p=0.022), media exposure of pornography (p&lt;0.001), and peer group influence (p=0.003) with the adolescent sexual behaviors. Media exposure of pornography (OR=0,379, CI: 0,153-0,941) and peer group influence (OR=0,145, CI: 0,062-0,341) were determinants of the adolescent sexual behaviors.Conclusion: Self efficacy, media exposure of pornography, and peer group influence were associated with adolescent sexual behaviors. Low media exposure of pornography and good peer group influence were protective determinants of the high risk adolescent sexual behaviors

The Effect of Training on Knowledge and Skill of Early Detection of High Risk Pregnancy in Community Health Workers in Semarang, Central Java

Background: The maternal mortality ratio (MMR) in Indonesia is still high with an estimated 305 maternal deaths per 100,000 live births. Community health workers (CHWs) play a vital role in facilitating the continuum of care by acting as the bridge between the community and the health facility. However, CHWs are often not well-trained and many do not have the instruments needed to early detect high risk pregnancy. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of training in improving knowledge and skill of CHWs in early detection of high risk pregnancy. Subjects and Method: This was a quasi-experimental study with one group pre and post test design. The study was conducted in Bandarharjo, Semarang, Central Java, from July to August 2017. A sample of 39 community health workers (CHWs) was selected for this study. The CHWs received training on early detection of high-risk pregnancy. The dependent variables were knowledge and skill in the early detection of high risk pregnancy. The independent variable was training. The data were collected by questionnaire and analyzed by Wilcoxon test. Results: Knowledge after training (mean= 81.73, SD= 15.10) was higher than before training (mean= 76.28; SD= 13.58) with p= 0.006. Skill after training (mean= 79.13, SD= 9.41) was higher before training (mean= 58.84; SD= 10.08) with p<0.001. Conclusion: Training is effective in improving knowledge and skill in the early detection of high risk pregnancy of the community health workers. Keywords: training, early detection, high risk pregnancy, knowledge, skill, community health worke

Pengaruh Penyuluhan Tentang Dismenorea Terhadap Tingkat Pengetahuan Gangguan Haid Pada Siswi SMA Di Kecamatan Semarang Barat

Background: Dysmenorrhea is one of the menstrual cycle related disorders which occurs frequently in women, especially in adolescence. The high prevalence of dysmenorrhea makes dysmenorrhea really important to be understood by all women. One way that can be done to improve the understanding about dysmenorrhea is through education such as counseling.Purpose: Knowing the influence of dysmenorrhea counseling against level of knowledge on menstrual disorders of senior high school female students in West of Semarang Sub-district.Method: The research design was a quasi experimental pre test post test on experimental group and test on control group. The subjects in this research were female students of X-XI grade of SMAN 6, SMA Krista Mitra and SMAK Tri Tunggal who fullfilled the inclusion criterias. The samples were divided into experimental group (n=40) and control group (n=40). The experimental group was given dysmenorrhea counseling, whereas in the control group did not. The data obtained from questionnaires filled out by each of the respondents and then analyzed using SPSS with paired t-test and Mann Whitney test.Results: Based on the data analysis, the result using paired t-test showed there was significant level of knowledge difference in the experimental group before and after the grant of the dysmenorrhea counseling (p=0,001). Also obtained, the result using Mann Whitney test showed there was significant level of knowledge difference between experimental group post test and test control group (p=0,000).Conclusion: Dysmenorrhea counseling effect on menstrual disorders level of knowledge of senior high school female students in West of Semarang Sub-district

HUBUNGAN AKTIVITAS FISIK TERHADAP NILAI ARUS PUNCAK EKSPIRASI PADA ANAK GIZI LEBIH

Latar Belakang Obesitas dan overweight sudah ditetapkan WHO menjadi masalah kesehatan di seluruh dunia. Salah satu faktor penyebab terjadinya obesitas dan overweight adalah kurangnya aktivitas fisik dibandingkan asupan kalori yang dikonsumsi. Keadaan gizi lebih yang meliputi obesitas dan overweight disertai kurangnya aktivitas fisik memberikan pengaruh pada kekuatan otot dada sehingga berpengaruh pula pada nilai arus puncak ekspirasi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk membuktikan hubungan aktivitas fisik terhadap nilai arus puncak ekspirasi pada anak gizi lebih. Metode Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observational analitik dengan desain cross sectional study. Subyek penelitian adalah anak gizi lebih usia 11-14 tahun. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan kuesioner dan alat mini wright peak flow meter. Uji statistik menggunakan uji Chi-square. Hasil Pada penelitian ini didapatkan 30 responden gizi lebih yang aktif dalam kriteria penilaian aktivitas fisik memiliki nilai APE pada zona hijau(80-100%), dan 8 responden gizi lebih yang aktif dalam kriteria penilaian aktivitas fisik memiliki nilai APE pada zona kuning(50-80%). Sedangkan terdapat 21 responden gizi lebih yang pasif dalam kriteria penilaian aktivitas fisik memiliki nilai APE pada zona hijau dan 17 responden gizi lebih yang pasif dalam kriteria penilaian aktifitas fisik memiliki nilai APE pada zona kuning. Terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara nilai arus puncak ekspirasi pada anak gizi lebih terhadap aktivitas fisik (p=0,028) dan jenis kelamin (p=0,007). Tidak terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara nilai arus puncak ekspirasi dengan status gizi lebih (p=0,811) dan gangguan respirasi/asma (p=1,000) Kesimpulan Terdapat hubungan aktivitas fisik terhadap nilai arus puncak ekspirasi pada anak gizi lebih . Kata kunci: gizi lebih (obesitas, overweight), aktivitas fisik, arus puncak ekspirasi

HUBUNGAN KEPATUHAN MINUM OBAT ANTIHIPERTENSI TERHADAP KUALITAS HIDUP PADA PASIEN HIPERTENSI

Latar Belakang Hipertensi merupakan penyakit kardiovaskular paling lazim yang tergolong dalam penyakit degeneratif, dan disebut sebagai penyakit “Silent Killer”. Salah satu faktor risiko yang dapat menyebabkan peningkatan angka kejadian morbiditas dan mortalitas penderita hipertensi adalah ketidakpatuhan pasien dalam meminum obat antihipertensi. Pengobatan antihipertensi harus dilakukan secara rutin agar kualitas hidup pasien menjadi lebih baik. Tujuan Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan kepatuhan minum obat antihipertensi terhadap kualitas hidup pada pasien hipertensi. Metode Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian non-eksperimental yang bersifat observasional dengan pendekatan penelitian dilakukan secara cross sectional. Responden penelitian adalah semua pasien hipertensi yang datang memeriksakan diri maupun berobat di Puskesmas Halmahera, Puskesmas Kedungmundu, dan Puskesmas Pandanaran Kota Semarang pada bulan Mei-Juni tahun 2018 yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi serta tidak memiliki kriteria eksklusi. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian merupakan data primer berupa kuesioner MMAS-8 dan WHOQOL-BREF, serta data sekunder berupa rekam medis pasien hipertensi. Uji statistik yang dilakukan adalah uji Chi-square. Hasil Tingkat kepatuhan minum obat antihipertensi dalam kategori kepatuhan tinggi sebesar 64,4%, kategori kepatuhan sedang sebesar 28,9%, dan kategori kepatuhan rendah sebesar 6,7%. Tingkat kualitas hidup pasien hipertensi dalam kategori kualitas hidup baik sebesar 93,3%, dan kategori kualitas hidup kurang sebesar 6,7%. Hasil uji statistik antara kepatuhan minum obat antihipertensi terhadap kualitas hidup pasien hipertensi adalah p<0,001. Kesimpulan Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara kepatuhan minum obat antihipertensi terhadap kualitas hidup pasien hipertensi. Kata Kunci : Kepatuhan Minum Obat, Kualitas Hidup, Hipertensi