A tsunami generated by a strike-slip event.: constraints from GPS and SAR data on the 2018 Palu earthquake

A devastating tsunami struck Palu Bay in the wake of the 28 September 2018 Mw = 7.5 Palu earthquake (Sulawesi, Indonesia). With a predominantly strike-slip mechanism, the question remains whether this unexpected tsunami was generated by the earthquake itself, or rather by earthquake-induced landslides. In this study we examine the tsunami potential of the co-seismic deformation. To this end, we present a novel geodetic dataset of GPS and multiple SAR-derived displacement fields to estimate a 3D co-seismic surface deformation field. The data reveal a number of fault bends, conforming to our interpretation of the tectonic setting as a transtensional basin. Using a Bayesian framework, we provide robust finite fault solutions of the co-seismic slip distribution, incorporating several scenarios of tectonically feasible fault orientations below the bay. These finite fault scenarios involve large co-seismic uplift ( > 2 m) below the bay due to thrusting on a restraining fault bend that connects the offshore continuation of two parallel onshore fault segments. With the co-seismic displacement estimates as input we simulate a number of tsunami cases. For most locations for which video-derived tsunami waveforms are available our models provide a qualitative fit to leading wave arrival times and polarity. The modeled tsunamis explain most of the observed runup. We conclude that co-seismic deformation was the main driver behind the tsunami that followed the Palu earthquake. Our unique geodetic dataset constrains vertical motions of the sea floor, and sheds new light on the tsunamigenesis of strike-slip faults in transtensional basins

A Tsunami Generated by a Strike-Slip Event: Constraints From GPS and SAR Data on the 2018 Palu Earthquake

A devastating tsunami struck Palu Bay in the wake of the 28 September 2018 Mw = 7.5 Palu earthquake (Sulawesi, Indonesia). With a predominantly strike-slip mechanism, the question remains whether this unexpected tsunami was generated by the earthquake itself, or rather by earthquake-induced landslides. In this study we examine the tsunami potential of the co-seismic deformation. To this end, we present a novel geodetic data set of Global Positioning System and multiple Synthetic Aperture Radar-derived displacement fields to estimate a 3D co-seismic surface deformation field. The data reveal a number of fault bends, conforming to our interpretation of the tectonic setting as a transtensional basin. Using a Bayesian framework, we provide robust finite fault solutions of the co-seismic slip distribution, incorporating several scenarios of tectonically feasible fault orientations below the bay. These finite fault scenarios involve large co-seismic uplift (>2 m) below the bay due to thrusting on a restraining fault bend that connects the offshore continuation of two parallel onshore fault segments. With the co-seismic displacement estimates as input we simulate a number of tsunami cases. For most locations for which video-derived tsunami waveforms are available our models provide a qualitative fit to leading wave arrival times and polarity. The modeled tsunamis explain most of the observed runup. We conclude that co-seismic deformation was the main driver behind the tsunami that followed the Palu earthquake. Our unique geodetic data set constrains vertical motions of the sea floor, and sheds new light on the tsunamigenesis of strike-slip faults in transtensional basins

Hubungan Dukungan Suami Dengan Tingkat Kecemasan Ibu Hamil Pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19

Pada awal tahun 2020, dunia dikejutkan dengan satu wabah penyakit yang disebut virus corona (Covid-19). Infeksi coronavirus merupakan penyakit yang disebabkan oleh virus corona dan menimbulkan gejala utama berupa gangguan pernapasan. Ibu hamil tercatat sebagai salah satu kelompok rentan resiko terinfeksi COVID-19.  Salah satu hal yang menyebabkan Perubahan psikologis pada ibu hamil yaitu terjadinya peningkatan kecemasan ibu hamil pada era pandemi COVID-19 yang disebabkan faktor kurangnya pengetahuan ibu hamil mengenai COVID-19 dan kecemasan yang dialami oleh ibu hamil dapat menurunkan imun ibu hamil tersebut sehingga dapat semakin rentan terinveksi COVID-19. Ketika mengalami kecemasan maka dukungan dari suami sangat dibutuhkan oleh ibu hamil agar dapat menentramkan dan menenangkannya. Dukungan suami akan menimbulkan ketenangan, peran aktif suami untuk memberikan dukungan pada istri yang sedang hamil tersebut sangat berpengaruh terhadap keperdulian ibu atas kesehatan diri dan janinnya. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain deskriptif korelasi dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi penelitian ini adalah ibu hamil yang tinggal di wilayah Kelurahan Tijayan. Responden penelitian sebanyak 23 responden yang diperoleh dengan teknik total sampling. Instrumen pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner. Teknik analisa yang digunakan adalah uji Kendall's Tau. Hasil penelitan menunjukkan 82,6% ibu hamil mendapat dukungan baik dari suami dan sebanyak 65,2% mengalami kecemasan ringan. Hasil uji Kendall's Tau menunjukkan ada hubungan antara dukungan suami dengan tingkat kecemasan ibu hamil (p=.003. r=0,628). Kesimpulan penelitian ini Ada hubungan yang signifikan antara dukungan suami dengan tingkat kecemasan ibu hamil pada masa pandemi Covid-19 di Kelurahan Tijayan