The Arthropod Fauna of Oak (Quercus spp., Fagaceae) Canopies in Norway

(1) We document the invertebrate fauna collected from 24 oak canopies in east and west Norway as a contribution to the Norwegian Biodiversity Information Centre’s ‘The Norwegian Taxonomy Initiative’. (2) A snap-shot inventory of the canopies was recorded by means of emitting a mist of natural pyrethrum into the canopies at night using a petrol-driven fogger and collecting the specimens in butterfly nets spread on the ground under the canopy. (3) Almost the entire catch of more than 6800 specimens was identified to 722 species. Out of 92 species new to the Norwegian fauna, 21 were new to science and, additionally, 15 were new to the Nordic fauna. Diptera alone constituted nearly half of the species represented, with 61 new records (18 new species). Additionally, 24 Hymenoptera (one new species), six oribatid mites (two new species) and one Thysanoptera were new to the Norwegian fauna. (4) Our study emphasizes the importance of the oak tree as a habitat both for a specific fauna and occasional visitors, and it demonstrates that the canopy fogging technique is an efficient way to find the ‘hidden fauna’ of Norwegian forests. The low number of red listed species found reflects how poor the Norwegian insect fauna is still studied. Moreover, the implication of the IUCN red list criteria for newly described or newly observed species is discussed.</jats:p

FIGURES 10–14 in The crane fly genus Libnotes Westwood, 1876 (Diptera: Limoniidae) for Korea including two new species and an identification key

FIGURES 10–14. Libnotes (Libnotes) jirisana n. sp. 10: Antenna of female; 11: General view of female, lateral view; 12: Male genitalia, dorsal view; 13. Male genitalia, ventral view; 14: Ovipositor, lateral view

Geranomyia semjina Podenas, 2016, n. sp.

&lt;i&gt;Geranomyia semjina&lt;/i&gt; n. sp. &lt;p&gt;Figures 1&ndash;6&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt; &lt;b&gt;Etymology.&lt;/b&gt; Species is named after the name of the river Seomjin-gang, where it was collected for the first time (Fig. 16).&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt; &lt;b&gt;Material examined&lt;/b&gt;. Type specimens, Holotype, two paratypes, all males.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt; &lt;b&gt;Holotype,&lt;/b&gt; male (pinned). SOUTH KOREA, Jeollanam-do, Gurye-gun, Toji-myeon, Naeseo-ri, Jirisan National Park, Piagol valley, N35.26590, E127.58096, alt. 446 m, 2015.07.0 1 (3), coll. S. Podenas, at light.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt; &lt;b&gt;Paratypes:&lt;/b&gt; male (preserved in ethanol, wing slide-mounted, genitalia in microvial filled with glycerol and pinned). SOUTH KOREA, Gyeongsangnam-do province, Hadong, Seomjin-gang (river), N35.06170, E127.74463, alt. 33 m, 2012.04.27, coll. S. Podenas; male (preserved in ethanol, genitalia in microvial filled with glycerol and pinned). SOUTH KOREA, Jeollanam-do, Gurye-gun, Toji-myeon, Naeseo-ri, Jirisan National Park, Piagol valley, N35.26590, E127.58096, alt. 446 m, 2015.06.28 (3), coll. S. Podenas, at light.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt; &lt;b&gt;Diagnosis.&lt;/b&gt; Distinguished from other species in the genus by male genitalia. Inner gonostylus has big rostral prolongation, that bears two long spines, the longest starts from large tubercle, base of which is so wide, that nearly covers whole length of rostral prolongation, shorter spine starts from separate smaller tubercle. Penis simple, elongate. Wing unpatterned, except distinct oval stigma. Radial sector of wing nearly straight, vein &lt;i&gt;r-m&lt;/i&gt; very short, nearly missing.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt; &lt;b&gt;Description&lt;/b&gt; (Figs. 1&ndash;6). Adult, male (&lt;i&gt;N&lt;/i&gt; =3). Body dorsally dark brown, ventrally yellowish brown (Fig. 1). Body length 6.3&ndash;9.3 mm. Wing length 6.7&ndash;8.2 mm. &lt;i&gt;Head&lt;/i&gt;: dorsally dark brown, posterior margin narrowly yellowish, covered with scarce erect brown setae. Vertex medium wide, wider than length of antennal pedicel, narrower than length of scape. Head ventrally yellow. Length of antenna 1.20&ndash;1.35 mm. Scape cylindrical, brown, dorsally bearing few short erect dark setae. Pedicel rounded, same color as scape, dorsally bearing few short erect dark setae. Flagellum 12-segmented, brown. All flagellomeres oval and similar in length, apical flagellomere distinctly shorter than preceding segment. Verticils very short, distinctly shorter than respective segments. Very short dark brown pubescence, covering segments. Rostrum brown dorsally, yellowish brown laterally, pale ventrally, reaching approximately to middle of second flagellar segment. Mouth parts grayish brown, covered with short erect brownish setae. Rostrum with mouth parts 2.9 mm long. Palpus two-segmented. Basal segment yellow, long, narrow, distal end slightly widened, darkened. Distal segment wider than preceding, distinctly shorter, elongate-oval, slightly arched, blackish, covered with erect blackish setae. &lt;i&gt;Thorax&lt;/i&gt;: yellowish brown. Cervical sclerite blackened. Pronotum dark brown dorsally, yellowish laterally. Ground color of mesonotal prescutum yellowish brown, three distinct brown longitudinal stripes confluent posteriorly. Frontally prescutal stripes dark brown. Pseudosutural fovea yellowish brown. Scutal lobes brown, posteriorly yellowish. Scutellum brown with narrow yellowish median line, laterally and posteriorly pale. Mediotergite brown with narrow yellowish median line, not reach posterior margin. Pleuron yellowish, with brownish katepisternum and small dark brown spot behind prothoracical spiracle. Wing (Fig. 2) brownish, subcostal cell yellowish. Stigma distinct, brown, ovalshaped. Most veins brown, veins at wing base pale. Venation: &lt;i&gt;Sc1&lt;/i&gt; long, reaching approximately to middle of &lt;i&gt;Rs&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;Sc2&lt;/i&gt; slightly before &lt;i&gt;Sc1&lt;/i&gt; tip. &lt;i&gt;Rs&lt;/i&gt; nearly straight, slightly arched at base. Both branches of &lt;i&gt;Rs&lt;/i&gt; nearly parallel to each other, slightly diverging at wing margin. Vein &lt;i&gt;r-m&lt;/i&gt; very short, &lt;i&gt;R4+5&lt;/i&gt; nearly reaches &lt;i&gt;M1&lt;/i&gt;. Discal cell comparatively wide, slightly more than twice as long as wide. Free end of &lt;i&gt;M1+2&lt;/i&gt; 1.2 times as long as its basal part forming frontal margin of discal cell. Basal deflection of &lt;i&gt;CuA1&lt;/i&gt; at branching point of &lt;i&gt;M&lt;/i&gt;. Both anal veins long, &lt;i&gt;A1&lt;/i&gt; nearly straight, &lt;i&gt;A2&lt;/i&gt; slightly sinuous. Anal angle medium-sized, posterior margin widely rounded. Halter 0.8&ndash;1.0 mm long, pale, knob slightly infuscated. Coxae brownish at base, yellow distally. Trochanters yellow, distal margin narrowly rimmed with black. Femur with swollen distal part, yellow with narrowly pale base and subterminal brown ring, apex yellow. Tibia yellowish brown with darkened distal end. Basal tarsomere yellowish brown at base, brown distally. Distal tarsomeres dark brown. Leg covered with short, dense black setae. Femur I: 5.1&ndash;5.5 mm, III: 6.0&ndash; 6.8 mm; tibiae I: 6.1&ndash;7.1 mm, II: 5.8 mm, III: 6.3&ndash;6.9 mm; tarsus I: 4.8&ndash;5.1 mm, III: 3.8&ndash;4.4 mm. &lt;i&gt;Abdomen&lt;/i&gt;: tergites brown, laterally and posteriorly yellowish. Distal tergites dark brown. Sternites uniformly yellow. Lateral membrane between tergite and sternite blackish. Male terminalia (Figs. 3, 4) with dark brown ninth tergite and gonocoxite, inner gonostylus light brown. Posterior margin of ninth tergite widely concave, lateral parts slightly raised, covered with dense short brown setae. Gonocoxite elongate, bearing large ventro-mesal lobe (Fig. 5). Distal part of lobe oval, covered with long erect setae. Outer gonostylus strongly sclerotized, darkened, long, narrow, distinctly arched. Inner gonostylus egg-shaped, slightly shorter than gonocoxite, with large rostral prolongation, with large tubercle on posterior margin. Basal part of tubercle nearly covered whole length of rostral prolongation. Tubercle ending with long and slightly arched apical spine. Another straight, somewhat shorter spine at separate smaller tubercle at base of large one. Both spines at nearly right angle to each other, thus, when vieved directly from above (Fig. 3), dorsal spine looks distinctly shorter than caudal, but they look nearly similar, when pressed under the cover glass in slide-mounted specimen (Fig. 4). Tip of rostral prolongation slightly curved frontally and covered with small setae. Paramere wide at base, distal part extended into narrow lobe. Penis (Fig. 6) long and narrow, distal end slightly curved downwards.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Female unknown.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt; &lt;b&gt;Habitats.&lt;/b&gt; Holotype and one paratype were captured at light on margin of medium-sized mountainous stream with springs on slopes, covered by mixed forest (Fig. 17). One paratype was collected by net at urbanized margin of large river. It was flying close to small drainage water pipe. Same location was visited twice in 2015, but river slope was improved (Fig. 16), leaking water pipes covered with concrete and species was not found again.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt; &lt;b&gt;Elevation.&lt;/b&gt; Altitudes from 30 to 450 m.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt; &lt;b&gt;Period of activity.&lt;/b&gt; From end of April through beginning of July.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt; &lt;b&gt;Distribution&lt;/b&gt;. Southern part of South Korea.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt; &lt;b&gt;Discussion.&lt;/b&gt; &lt;i&gt;Geranomyia semjina&lt;/i&gt; &lt;b&gt;n. sp.&lt;/b&gt; has very distinct male genitalia, especially the inner gonostylus with two large spines on rostral prolongation. Typically species of &lt;i&gt;Geranomyia&lt;/i&gt; have two closely positioned on same tubercle on rostral prolongation, some species with single long, curved spine. In &lt;i&gt;G&lt;/i&gt;. &lt;i&gt;semjina&lt;/i&gt; &lt;b&gt;n. sp.&lt;/b&gt; both spines situated separately, the longest spine originated from large tubercle. In this respect, the male genitalia &lt;i&gt;G&lt;/i&gt;. &lt;i&gt;semjina&lt;/i&gt; &lt;b&gt;n. sp.&lt;/b&gt; are different from that of all other Palearctic and Oriental &lt;i&gt;Geranomyia&lt;/i&gt;. From other East-Palearctic species &lt;i&gt;G&lt;/i&gt;. &lt;i&gt;semjina&lt;/i&gt; &lt;b&gt;n. sp.&lt;/b&gt; are separated by body coloration, wing pattern, and the details of the wing venation. These features are of secondary importance however; compare to the delineation in the range of variation within this species. More specimens need to be collected and studied in order to fully understand this species.&lt;/p&gt;Published as part of &lt;i&gt;Podenas, Sigitas, 2016, New Geranomyia crane flies (Diptera: Limoniidae) from Korea and Kunashir Island, pp. 555-565 in Zootaxa 4121 (5)&lt;/i&gt; on pages 556-557, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4121.5.5, &lt;a href="http://zenodo.org/record/258604"&gt;http://zenodo.org/record/258604&lt;/a&gt

New Geranomyia crane flies (Diptera: Limoniidae) from Korea and Kunashir Island

Podenas, Sigitas (2016): New Geranomyia crane flies (Diptera: Limoniidae) from Korea and Kunashir Island. Zootaxa 4121 (5): 555-565, DOI: http://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4121.5.

Geranomyia Haliday 1833

Key to Korean species of the genus &lt;i&gt;Geranomyia&lt;/i&gt; Haliday, 1833 &lt;p&gt;1. Wing unpatterned or with few small and indistinct spots on frontal margin besides large stigma (Figs. 2, 7).............. 2&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;-. Wing with few large and distinct spots on frontal wing margin and smaller spots behind them......................... 4&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt; 2. Thoracical pleuron with distinct longitudinal stripe...................................... &lt;i&gt;Geranomyia piagola&lt;/i&gt; &lt;b&gt;n. sp.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;-. Thoracical pleuron without longitudinal stripe............................................................... 3&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt; 3. Wing with three small spots on frontal margin besides stigma. Rostral prolongation of inner gonostylus of male genitalia armed with two medium long spines starting from same tubercle....................... &lt;i&gt;Geranomyia gifuensis&lt;/i&gt; Alexander, 1921&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt; -. Wing unpatterned except stigma. Rostral prolongation of inner gonostylus of male genitalia armed with two long spines start- ing from separate tubercles (Figs. 3, 4)................................................ &lt;i&gt;Geranomyia semjina&lt;/i&gt; &lt;b&gt;n. sp.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt; 4. Wing cells with lots of small spots, that are most abundant along vein &lt;i&gt;Cu&lt;/i&gt;. Rostral prolongation of inner gonostylus of male genitalia armed with single long and arched spine............................ &lt;i&gt;Geranomyia multipuncta&lt;/i&gt; Alexander,1922&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt; -. Wing cells without small spots. Rostral prolongation of inner gonostylus of male genitalia armed with two short and straight spines.............................................................. &lt;i&gt;Geranomyia neavocetta&lt;/i&gt; (Alexander, 1938)&lt;/p&gt;Published as part of &lt;i&gt;Podenas, Sigitas, 2016, New Geranomyia crane flies (Diptera: Limoniidae) from Korea and Kunashir Island, pp. 555-565 in Zootaxa 4121 (5)&lt;/i&gt; on page 556, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4121.5.5, &lt;a href="http://zenodo.org/record/258604"&gt;http://zenodo.org/record/258604&lt;/a&gt

Libnotes Westwood 1876

Libnotes Westwood, 1876 (generic characteristics in Podenas et al., 2015)Published as part of Podenas, Sigitas, 2016, The crane fly genus Libnotes Westwood, 1876 (Diptera: Limoniidae) for Korea including two new species and an identification key, pp. 126-136 in Zootaxa 4158 (1) on page 127, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4158.1.8, http://zenodo.org/record/25582

Geranomyia piagola Podenas, 2016, n. sp.

&lt;i&gt;Geranomyia piagola&lt;/i&gt; n. sp. &lt;p&gt;Figures 7&ndash;11&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt; &lt;b&gt;Etymology.&lt;/b&gt; The species is named after the place name of Piagol valley (Fig. 17), where it was collected.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt; &lt;b&gt;Material examined&lt;/b&gt;. Type specimens. Holotype male, paratypes 1 male and 1 female.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt; &lt;b&gt;Holotype,&lt;/b&gt; male (pinned, wing slide-mounted, genitalia in microvial filled with glycerol and pinned together). SOUTH KOREA, Jeollanam-do, Gurye-gun, Toji-myeon, Naeseo-ri, Jirisan National Park, Piagol valley, N35.26590, E127.58096, alt. 446 m, 2014.08.24, coll. S. Podenas.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt; &lt;b&gt;Paratypes:&lt;/b&gt; female (in ethanol), S. Korea, Jeollanam-do, Gurye-gun, Toji-myeon, Naedong-ri, N35.26580, E127.58128, alt. 378 m, 2013.05.12, S. Podenas, net (NIBR); male (in ethanol), S. Korea, Jeollanam-do, Guryegun, Toji-myeon, Naeseo-ri, N35.27177, E127.57146, alt. 490 m, 2015.06.29, S. Podenas, net.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt; &lt;b&gt;Diagnosis.&lt;/b&gt; Distinguished from other species in the genus by distinct dark longitudinal stripe on pleura and details of male genitalia, especially strongly extended inner gonostylus, bearing small rostral prolongation armed with two-three short spines situated on same tubercle.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt; &lt;b&gt;Description&lt;/b&gt; (Figs. 7&ndash;11). Adult, male (&lt;i&gt;N&lt;/i&gt; =2). General body coloration brown. Body length 5.9&ndash;6.2 mm. Wing length 6.5&ndash;7.2 mm. &lt;i&gt;Head&lt;/i&gt;: black, sparsely dusted with gray pruinosity, covered with scarce semi-erect black setae. Vertex very narrow. Eyes large, dorsally separated by very narrow vertex, ventrally reaching each other. Length of antenna 1.0&ndash; 1.2 mm. Scape cylindrical, black, dorsally bearing few short erect dark setae. Pedicel rounded, same color as scape, dorsally bearing few short erect dark setae. Both basal segments sparsely dusted with gray. Flagellum 12-segmented. Three basal flagellomeres black, remaining segments brown, turning lighter towards apex. Basal flagellomere approximately as long as pedicel, distinctly narrower; remaining flagellomeres oval, slightly decreasing in length, apical flagellomere approximately 1.5 times as long as preceding segment. Verticils short, approximately as long as respective segments. Short whitish pubescence denser on ventral side of segments. Rostrum dark brown dorsally, lighter ventrally, reaching to second flagellar segment. Mouth parts same color as rostrum, covered with short adherent brownish setae. Rostrum together with mouth parts 2.3 mm long. Palpus dark brown, three-segmented. Basal segment very short, second segment oval, wider, longer than first segment, apical segment very small, rounded with few distinct erect setae. &lt;i&gt;Thorax&lt;/i&gt;: generally yellowish brown. Cervical sclerite blackened. Pronotum frontally dark brown, posteriorly brownish yellow. Ground color of mesonotal prescutum light brown. Median prescutal stripe brown, distinct, lateral stripes indistinct, slightly darker than surrounding area. Frontal margin of prescutum yellowish. Pseudosutural fovea yellowish. Scutal lobes brown frontally, dark brown posteriorly. Scutellum dark brown frontally, posteriorly and laterally brown. Mediotergite uniformly dark brown. Pleuron yellowish brown dorsally, pale yellowish ventrally with distinct wide dark brown longitudinal stripe. Wing (Fig. 7) brownish, subcostal cell yellowish. Stigma distinct, brown, egg-shaped. Small brownish spots surrounding tip of &lt;i&gt;R3&lt;/i&gt;, both branches of &lt;i&gt;Sc&lt;/i&gt;, base of &lt;i&gt;Rs&lt;/i&gt; and supernumerary cross-vein in cell &lt;i&gt;sc&lt;/i&gt;. Very weak darkenings surround cord and distal end of discal cell. Most veins brown, veins at wing base pale. Venation: &lt;i&gt;Sc1&lt;/i&gt; long, ending slightly before end of &lt;i&gt;Rs&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;Sc2&lt;/i&gt; close to &lt;i&gt;Sc1&lt;/i&gt; tip. Supernumerary cross-vein in cell &lt;i&gt;sc&lt;/i&gt; approximately at two thirds distance from humeral vein to base of &lt;i&gt;Rs&lt;/i&gt;. Radial sector slightly arched at base. Both branches of &lt;i&gt;Rs&lt;/i&gt; slightly diverging towards wing margin. Vein &lt;i&gt;r-m&lt;/i&gt; well developed. Discal cell comparatively wide, slightly more than twice as long as wide. Free end of &lt;i&gt;M1+2&lt;/i&gt; slightly shorter than its basal part forming frontal margin of discal cell. Basal deflection of &lt;i&gt;CuA1&lt;/i&gt; exactly at branching point of &lt;i&gt;M&lt;/i&gt;. Both anal veins long, &lt;i&gt;A1&lt;/i&gt; slightly sinuous, &lt;i&gt;A2&lt;/i&gt; slightly arched at distal end. Anal angle medium-sized, posterior margin widely rounded. Halter 0.8&ndash;1.0 mm long, grayish, base of stem pale. Coxae yellow, frontal face of fore coxae slightly infuscated. Frontal trochanter yellow with slightly darkened distal part, second and third pair grayish. Distal margin of all trochanters narrowly blackened. Femur obscure yellow, tibiae light brown, tarsus light brown at base turning dark brown towards distal end. Femur covered with short blackish adjacent setae, similar setae on tibiae and tarsus brownish. Femur I: 4.4&ndash; 4.9 mm, II: 5.0&ndash; 5.3 mm, III: 5.0&ndash; 5.6 mm; tibiae I: 5.6&ndash;5.8 mm, II: 5.7&ndash;5.8 mm, III: 5.8&ndash;5.9 mm; tarsus I: 4.5&ndash;5.1 mm, II: 3.9 mm, III: 3.8&ndash;4.1 mm. Claw blackish with small subbasal spine. &lt;i&gt;Abdomen&lt;/i&gt;: tergites blackish, covered with erect golden setae. Basal sternite pale, remaining sternites brownish. Male terminalia (Figs. 8, 9) with dark brown ninth tergite, gonocoxite and inner gonostylus light brown. Posterior margin of ninth tergite very shallowly emarginate, lateral parts slightly raised and covered with dense short brown setae. Gonocoxite elongate, bearing large ventro-median lobe (Fig. 9). Distal part of lobe rounded, covered with long erect setae. Outer gonostylus strongly sclerotized, darkened, hook-shaped with sharply pointed distal end. Inner gonostylus very&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;elongate, about three times as long as gonocoxite, oval, with fronto-median angle extended into small rostral prolongation. Rostral prolongation directed towards frontal end with small subapical tubercle covered with small brown setae. Tubercle armed with two-three short straight brown spines, situated closely together along entire length. Right gonostylus of holotype with two, left with three spines. Paramere (Fig. 11) wide at base, distal part extended into narrow lobe. Penis long, narrow in dorsal view, &ldquo;S&ldquo;-shaped in lateral view, with tip pointed downwards.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Female (N=1). Generally similar to male. Body length 5.8 mm. Wing length 7.9 mm. Ovipositor (Fig. 10) with cercus and hypovalva brown. Cercus nearly parallel-sided, straight, tip rounded. Hypovalva wide, comparatively short and blunt-apexed, reaching to about middle of cercus. Vaginal apodeme very extended, distal part very narrow, apex nearly reaches tip of valve.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt; &lt;b&gt;Habitat.&lt;/b&gt; Margins of medium-sized mountainous stream with springs on slopes, covered by mixed forest.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt; &lt;b&gt;Elevation.&lt;/b&gt; Species was found at altitudes of about 380&ndash; 500 m.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt; &lt;b&gt;Period of activity.&lt;/b&gt; Adults are flying from the middle of May through the end of August.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt; &lt;b&gt;Distribution&lt;/b&gt;. Jirisan National Park, South Korea.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt; &lt;b&gt;Discussion.&lt;/b&gt; &lt;i&gt;Geranomyia piagola&lt;/i&gt; &lt;b&gt;n. sp.&lt;/b&gt; has very distinct male genitalia, especially an extremely elongate inner gonostylus. In general, the male genitalia of &lt;i&gt;G. piagola&lt;/i&gt; &lt;b&gt;n. sp.&lt;/b&gt; resembles that of the Chinese species &lt;i&gt;G. obesistyla&lt;/i&gt; (Alexander, 1940). Genitalia of both species differ only in the small details of the rostral prolongation of inner gonostylus, the shape of ventro-median lobe of gonocoxite, the shape of penis and the shape of the paramere. Both species could be easily separated on wing venation, wing pattern and body coloration. &lt;i&gt;G. piagola&lt;/i&gt; &lt;b&gt;n. sp.&lt;/b&gt; has a distinct longitudinal dark stripe along the pleura, the pleura of &lt;i&gt;G&lt;/i&gt;. &lt;i&gt;obesistyla&lt;/i&gt; is almost uniformly brownish testaceous. The wing of &lt;i&gt;G. obesistyla&lt;/i&gt; has distinct brown spots on the frontal margin, the basal deflection of &lt;i&gt;CuA1&lt;/i&gt; is situated well before the branching point of &lt;i&gt;M&lt;/i&gt;. The wing venation and pattern of &lt;i&gt;G. piagola&lt;/i&gt; &lt;b&gt;n. sp.&lt;/b&gt; is very similar to that of other Korean species &lt;i&gt;G&lt;/i&gt;. &lt;i&gt;gifuensis&lt;/i&gt;, but both species are easily separated based on the male genitalia, especially shape of inner gonostylus.&lt;/p&gt;Published as part of &lt;i&gt;Podenas, Sigitas, 2016, New Geranomyia crane flies (Diptera: Limoniidae) from Korea and Kunashir Island, pp. 555-565 in Zootaxa 4121 (5)&lt;/i&gt; on pages 559-561, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4121.5.5, &lt;a href="http://zenodo.org/record/258604"&gt;http://zenodo.org/record/258604&lt;/a&gt

Geranomyia kunashir Podenas, 2016, n. sp.

&lt;i&gt;Geranomyia kunashir&lt;/i&gt; n. sp. &lt;p&gt;Figures 12&ndash;15&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt; &lt;b&gt;Etymology.&lt;/b&gt; The species is named after Kunashir Island, where it was collected.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt; &lt;b&gt;Holotype,&lt;/b&gt; male (pinned). RUSSIA, Kunashir Island, cape Lechebnyi, N43.98333, E145.79167, 1989.08.0 4.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt; &lt;b&gt;Diagnosis.&lt;/b&gt; Large &lt;i&gt;Geranomyia&lt;/i&gt; with wing nearly reaching 13 mm. Head and abdomen dark brown, thorax light, brownish yellow. Antennal flagellum serrate. Head with long projection above antennal base. Wing with four small but distinct brown spots: at supernumerary cross-vein in cell &lt;i&gt;sc&lt;/i&gt;, at both ends of &lt;i&gt;Rs&lt;/i&gt; and at apex of &lt;i&gt;R1&lt;/i&gt;. Vein &lt;i&gt;Sc&lt;/i&gt; very short, reaching slightly beyond base of &lt;i&gt;Rs&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;R3&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;R4+5&lt;/i&gt; strongly arched. Pleuron light, brownish yellow with blackish spot behind cervical sclerite. Male genitalia with nearly straight outer gonostylus, that is arched only at apex. Rostral prolongation of inner gonostylus long and armed with two long spines starting from separate tubercles. Penis very long and narrow.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt; &lt;b&gt;Description&lt;/b&gt; (Figs. 12 &ndash; 15). Adult, male (&lt;i&gt;N&lt;/i&gt; =1). Body length 8.65 mm. Wing length 12.75 mm. &lt;i&gt;Head&lt;/i&gt; (Fig. 13): dark brown to black, densely covered with gray pruinosity. Pruinosity intense along eye margin. Sparse erect dark brown setae cover dorsal part of head, setae on ventral side twice as short as on dorsal. Vertex medium wide. Long, distinct setose projection protrudes above antennal base approximately as long as scape. Antenna 2.10 mm long (Fig. 15). Scape cylindrical, dark brown with narrowly light brown distal part, covered with few semi-erect setae dorsally. Pedicel narrower basally, wider distally, light brown at both ends, dark brown at middle. Flagellum 12- segmented, distinctly serrate, dark brown. Flagellomeres distinctly extended ventrally, less so basal and apical segments, with distinct apical pedicels. Basal two flagellomeres armed with four strong short spines on ventral surface, remaining segments with two spines. Dorsal side of flagellomeres covered with semi-erect setae at most 1.5 times as long as respective segments. Apical flagellomere with swollen dark brown basal part and narrow light brown distal end, 1.7 times as long as preceding segment. Very short pubescence, covering segments, grayish. Rostrum semi-polished, dark brown with blackish stripe laterally, elongate, length slightly exceeds length of head. Mouth parts dark brown to blackish, tips whitish, approximately as long as rostrum and head together. Rostrum together with mouth parts 2.9 mm long. Palpus situated on small tubercle. Palpus with reduced basal segment, second and third segments elongate, nearly cylindrical, apical segment very small, indistinct. Palpomeres black, covered with short blackish setae. &lt;i&gt;Thorax&lt;/i&gt;: brownish yellow. Cervical sclerites blackish. Pronotum brownish. Mesonotal prescutum brownish yellow with four indistinct longitudinal stripes. Median stripes separated by narrow vitta. Lateral stripe situated behind pseudosutural fovea, extending onto scutal lobe, scutal lobe pale brownish laterally and posteriorly. Scutellum and mediotergite brownish yellow with paler margins. Pleuron uniformly brownish yellow, with blackish spot behind cervical sclerite. Wing (Fig. 12) clear with yellowish costal area, four small, distinct spots: at supernumerary cross-vein in cell &lt;i&gt;sc&lt;/i&gt;, at both ends of &lt;i&gt;Rs&lt;/i&gt; and at apex of &lt;i&gt;R1&lt;/i&gt;. Indistinct darkenings along cord and at distal margin of discal cell. Stigma absent. Veins brownish, frontal margin yellowish. Venation: Vein &lt;i&gt;Sc&lt;/i&gt; very short, &lt;i&gt;Sc1&lt;/i&gt; reaching slightly beyond base of &lt;i&gt;Rs&lt;/i&gt;. &lt;i&gt;R2&lt;/i&gt; oblique, at tip of &lt;i&gt;R1&lt;/i&gt;. &lt;i&gt;R3&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;R4+5&lt;/i&gt; strongly arched. Vein &lt;i&gt;r-m&lt;/i&gt; distinct. Discal cell 2.3 times as long as wide. Free end of &lt;i&gt;M1+2&lt;/i&gt; slightly exceeds its basal part forming frontal margin of discal cell. Basal deflection of &lt;i&gt;CuA1&lt;/i&gt; beyond branching point of &lt;i&gt;M&lt;/i&gt;. Both anal veins long, nearly straight. Anal angle big, posterior margin widely rounded. Halter 1.35 mm long, stem brownish yellow, base pale, knob brownish. Coxae and trochanters yellow, frontal face of fore coxa with brownish spot. Distal margin of trochanter narrowly rimmed with black. &lt;i&gt;Abdomen&lt;/i&gt;: tergites dark brown with grayish posterior margins, dusted with sparse pruinosity. Three frontal tergites with yellow spot at middle. Sternites whitish yellow, posterior sternites brown posteriorly and laterally. Male terminalia (Fig. 14) light brown. Posterior margin of ninth tergite straight, lateral parts slightly raised and setose. Gonocoxite elongate, bearing large setose ventro-mesal lobe. Outer gonostylus strongly sclerotized, straight with slightly arched darkened apex. Inner gonostylus oval, bearing large rostral prolongation armed with two long spines originated from separate tubercles. Tip of rostral prolongation slightly curved frontally. Paramere wide at base, distal part extended into narrow lobe. Penis very long and narrow.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Female unknown.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt; &lt;b&gt;Period of activity.&lt;/b&gt; Single specimen was captured at the beginning of August.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt; &lt;b&gt;Distribution&lt;/b&gt;. Kunashir Island.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt; &lt;b&gt;Discussion.&lt;/b&gt; &lt;i&gt;Geranomyia kunashir&lt;/i&gt; &lt;b&gt;n. sp.&lt;/b&gt; is distinct among &lt;i&gt;Geranomyia&lt;/i&gt;. The large elongate protuberation on the head is very unusual for all crane flies. Only &lt;i&gt;G. cornuta&lt;/i&gt; Hancock, 2011 from United Arab Emirates has a short conical projection, but it is very small in comparison with that of &lt;i&gt;G. kunashir&lt;/i&gt; &lt;b&gt;n. sp.&lt;/b&gt; All &lt;i&gt;Geranomyia&lt;/i&gt; have simple flagella, but that of &lt;i&gt;G. k u n a s h i r&lt;/i&gt; &lt;b&gt;n. sp.&lt;/b&gt; is distinctly serrate, armed with strong spines on the ventral surface. Vein &lt;i&gt;Sc&lt;/i&gt; usually is long, reaching far beyond base of &lt;i&gt;Rs&lt;/i&gt;, but is short in &lt;i&gt;G. kunashir&lt;/i&gt; &lt;b&gt;n. sp.&lt;/b&gt; Veins &lt;i&gt;R3&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;R4+5&lt;/i&gt; are nearly straight, or slightly diverging at the wing margin in most &lt;i&gt;Geranomyia&lt;/i&gt;, but they are strongly arched in &lt;i&gt;G. k u n a s h i r&lt;/i&gt; &lt;b&gt;n. sp.&lt;/b&gt; The wing venation of &lt;i&gt;G. kunashir&lt;/i&gt; &lt;b&gt;n. sp.&lt;/b&gt; resembles that of &lt;i&gt;G. dybasi&lt;/i&gt; (Alexander, 1972) from Micronesia and Palau islands, except distinctly different &lt;i&gt;R2&lt;/i&gt;, but male genitalia of both species are very different, especially ninth tergite.&lt;/p&gt;Published as part of &lt;i&gt;Podenas, Sigitas, 2016, New Geranomyia crane flies (Diptera: Limoniidae) from Korea and Kunashir Island, pp. 555-565 in Zootaxa 4121 (5)&lt;/i&gt; on pages 561-564, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4121.5.5, &lt;a href="http://zenodo.org/record/258604"&gt;http://zenodo.org/record/258604&lt;/a&gt

Trichocera (Trichocera) sakaguchii Alexander 1930

&lt;i&gt;Trichocera&lt;/i&gt; (&lt;i&gt;Trichocera&lt;/i&gt;) &lt;i&gt;sakaguchii&lt;/i&gt; Alexander, 1930 &lt;p&gt;(Fig. 20)&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt; &lt;i&gt;Trichocera sakaguchii&lt;/i&gt; Alexander, 1930: 107.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt; &lt;i&gt;Trichocera&lt;/i&gt; (&lt;i&gt;Trichocera&lt;/i&gt;) &lt;i&gt;sakaguchii&lt;/i&gt;: Dahl &amp; Alexander 1976: 17. &lt;i&gt;Trichocera&lt;/i&gt; (&lt;i&gt;Metatrichocera&lt;/i&gt;) &lt;i&gt;sakaguchii&lt;/i&gt;: Star&yacute; 1998: 186.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt; &lt;i&gt;Trichocera&lt;/i&gt; (&lt;i&gt;Trichocera&lt;/i&gt;) &lt;i&gt;sakaguchii&lt;/i&gt;: Krzemi&nacute;ska 2001a: 393, Figs.11&ndash;15.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt; &lt;b&gt;Distribution.&lt;/b&gt; Japan (Alexander 1930), India (Krzemi&nacute;ska 2001a) and Korea (the present study).&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt; &lt;b&gt;Examined material&lt;/b&gt; (Fig. 40): 1 male (pinned, genitalia in vial of glycerol), North Korea, Ompo, alt. 1200 ft., 0 3.11.1937, coll. A. M. Yankovsky (USNM); 1 male (pinned, together with &lt;i&gt;Trichocera sp&lt;/i&gt;. 1 spec.), North Korea, Seren Mountains, alt. 5000 ft., 0 3.10.1937, coll. A. M. Yankovsky (USNM); 1 male (pinned), S. Korea, Korean National Forest, 18 miles NE of Seoul, # 1, 18.04.1954, coll. G. W. Byers (U-M); 3 males (pinned), S. Korea, 15 miles ENE of Seoul, # 44, 28.11.1954, coll. G. W. Byers (USNM); 1 male (pinned) South Korea, Province S. Kangwon, Mts. Sorak-san, alt. 700 m, 38&deg;05&rsquo;20&rdquo;N, 128&deg;23&rsquo;18&rdquo;E, 12.10.2001, leg. A. Kun &amp; L. Ronkay (HNHM).&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt; &lt;b&gt;Notes.&lt;/b&gt; These are the first records for Korea.&lt;/p&gt;Published as part of &lt;i&gt;Petrašiūnas, Andrius &amp; Podenas, Sigitas, 2017, New data on winter crane flies (Diptera: Trichoceridae) of Korea with description of a new species, pp. 561-575 in Zootaxa 4311 (4)&lt;/i&gt; on page 570, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4311.4.8, &lt;a href="http://zenodo.org/record/848459"&gt;http://zenodo.org/record/848459&lt;/a&gt

Trichocera (Trichocera) major Edwards 1921

&lt;i&gt;Trichocera&lt;/i&gt; (&lt;i&gt;Trichocera&lt;/i&gt;) &lt;i&gt;major&lt;/i&gt; Edwards, 1921 &lt;p&gt;(Fig. 19; Krzemi&nacute;ska 2001b, Figs. 1&ndash;17)&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt; &lt;i&gt;Trichocera major&lt;/i&gt; Edwards, 1921: 229.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt; &lt;i&gt;Trichocera&lt;/i&gt; (&lt;i&gt;Trichocera&lt;/i&gt;) &lt;i&gt;major:&lt;/i&gt; Dahl &amp; Alexander, 1976: 16.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt; &lt;b&gt;Distribution.&lt;/b&gt; This species is widely distributed in Europe, being found from Ireland (Ashe &amp; O&rsquo;Connor 1989), Great Britain (Edwards 1921) and Spain (Dahl &lt;i&gt;et al.&lt;/i&gt; 2002) to European part of Russia (Petra&scaron;i&umacr;nas &amp; Paramonov 2013) and further east to Japan (Nakamura (2014) as well as the specimens collected by T. Nakamura and donated to the senior author of this report, stored in MZVU) and Korea (the present study).&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt; &lt;b&gt;Examined material&lt;/b&gt; (Fig. 38): 1 male (pinned), North Korea, Seren Mts., alt. 4&ndash;5000 ft., 0 2.10.1937 coll. A. M. Yankovsky; 1 male, 1 female (same pin), 2 specimens without genitalia (same pin), North Korea, Ompo, alt. 800 ft., 0 5.11,1937, coll. A. M. Yankovsky; 1 female (pinned), North Korea, Ompo, alt. 600 ft., 26.09.1937, coll. A. M. Yankovsky, wrongly named as paratype of &lt;i&gt;Dicranoptycha prolongata&lt;/i&gt; by C. P. Alexander (all USNM).&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt; &lt;b&gt;Notes.&lt;/b&gt; This appears to be a widely distributed species; however, these records are the first for Korea.&lt;/p&gt;Published as part of &lt;i&gt;Petrašiūnas, Andrius &amp; Podenas, Sigitas, 2017, New data on winter crane flies (Diptera: Trichoceridae) of Korea with description of a new species, pp. 561-575 in Zootaxa 4311 (4)&lt;/i&gt; on page 570, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4311.4.8, &lt;a href="http://zenodo.org/record/848459"&gt;http://zenodo.org/record/848459&lt;/a&gt