653 research outputs found
The present and the ethnographic present: change in the production of anthropological knowledge about Aboriginal Australia
Well first, Iâd just like to thank the organizing committee and the museum invitation. Itâs a wonderful chance to be here, I havenât been here before. And also Phillippe Peltier and Anne-Christine Taylor and Jessica De Largy Healy for taking us around the museum yesterday, it was such a privilege and it was a wonderful experience, completely devoid of anybody else and with full access to the collections. My paper âThe present and the ethnographic present: reflections on the production of anth..
What can the pre-colonial and frontier economies tell us about engagement with the real economy? Indigenous life projects and the conditions for development
Recent writing on development coming from North America makes a distinction between Indigenous life projects and development projects. âIndigenous life projectsâ refers to the desires of those Indigenous people who seek autonomy in deciding the meaning of their life independently of projects promoted by the state and market, and to people developing their own situation-based knowledge and practices in the contemporary world. As formulated by Mario Blaser (2004), these can involve partnerships and co-existences, where such are not denied by the encompassing society, and involve continuously emergent forms and resilience on the part of the Indigenous people
The present and the ethnographic present: change in the production of anthropological knowledge about Aboriginal Australia
Well first, Iâd just like to thank the organizing committee and the museum invitation. Itâs a wonderful chance to be here, I havenât been here before. And also Phillippe Peltier and Anne-Christine Taylor and Jessica De Largy Healy for taking us around the museum yesterday, it was such a privilege and it was a wonderful experience, completely devoid of anybody else and with full access to the collections. My paper âThe present and the ethnographic present: reflections on the production of anth..
Assessment and application of wavelet-based optical flow velocimetry (wOFV) to wall-bounded turbulent flows
The performance of a wavelet-based optical flow velocimetry (wOFV) algorithm
to extract high accuracy and high resolution velocity fields from particle
images in wall-bounded turbulent flows is assessed. wOFV is first evaluated
using synthetic particle images generated from a channel flow DNS of a
turbulent boundary layer. The sensitivity of wOFV to the regularization
parameter (lambda) is quantified and results are compared to PIV. Results on
synthetic particle images indicated different sensitivity to
under-regularization or over-regularization depending on which region of the
boundary layer is analyzed. Synthetic data revealed that wOFV can modestly
outperform PIV in vector accuracy across a broad lambda range. wOFV showed
clear advantages over PIV in resolving the viscous sublayer and obtaining
highly accurate estimates of the wall shear stress. wOFV was also applied to
experimental data of a developing turbulent boundary layer. Overall, wOFV
revealed good agreement with both PIV and PIV + PTV. However, wOFV was able to
successfully resolve the wall shear stress and correctly normalize the boundary
layer streamwise velocity to wall units where PIV and PIV + PTV showed larger
deviations. Analysis of the turbulent velocity fluctuations revealed spurious
results for PIV in close proximity to the wall, leading to significantly
exaggerated and non-physical turbulence intensity. PIV + PTV showed a minor
improvement in this aspect. wOFV did not exhibit this same effect, revealing
that it is more accurate in capturing small-scale turbulent motion in the
vicinity of boundaries. The enhanced vector resolution of wOFV enabled improved
estimation of instantaneous derivative quantities and intricate flow structure
both closer to the wall. These aspects show that, within a reasonable lambda
range, wOFV can improve resolving the turbulent motion occurring in the
vicinity of physical boundaries
On the evolution of turbulent boundary layers during flame-wall interaction investigated by highly resolved laser diagnostics
The turbulent boundary layer behavior in the presence of flame-wall interactions (FWI) has an important role on the mass and energy transfer at the gas/solid interface. Detailed experiments resolving the turbulent boundary layer evolution in the presence of FWI are lacking, which impedes knowledge. This work presents a combination of particle image velocimetry (flow field), dual-pump coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy (gas temperature), and OH laser induced fluorescence (flame topology) measurements to study the evolution of the boundary layer structure in the presence of FWI. Experiments are conducted in a side-wall quenching (SWQ) burner. Findings reveal that the reacting boundary layer flow adheres to the linear scaling law u+ = y+ in the viscous sublayer until y+ = 5. Beyond y+ = 5, the flame modifies the velocity and temperature field such that the uz+ streamwise velocity deviates from the viscous sublayer and the law-of-the-wall scaling in the log-layer with uz+ being smaller than that of the non-reacting flow (the subscript z refers to the streamwise coordinate and is used throughout this manuscript). As the fluid approaches the flame impingement location at the wall, the gas temperature increases significantly, causing a threefold increase in kinematic viscosity, Μ. Although the near-wall streamwise velocity gradient d<Uz>/dy|y=0 decreases, the larger increase in Μ reduces uz+ and leads to the deviation from the law-of-the-wall. Downstream the flame impingement location, Μ is relatively constant and uz+ values begin to approach those of the law-of-the-wall. Trends are presented for SWQ and head-on quenching flame topologies, and are intended to help development of more accurate wall models. </div
Multi-color reflectance imaging of middle ear pathology in vivo
Otoscopic examination using white-light illumination has remained virtually unchanged for well over a century. However, the limited contrast of white-light otoscopy constrains the ability to make accurate assessment of middle ear pathology and is subject to significant observer variability. Here, we employ a modified otoscope with multi-color imaging capabilities for superior characterization of the middle ear constituents in vivo and for enhanced diagnosis of acute otitis media and cholesteatoma. In this pilot study, five patients undergoing surgery for tympanostomy tube placement and congenital cholesteatoma excision were imaged using the custom-designed multi-color video-rate reflectance imaging system. We show that the multi-color imaging approach offers an increase in image contrast, thereby enabling clear visualization of the middle ear constituents, especially of the tympanic membrane vascularity. Differential absorption at the multiple wavelengths provides a measure of biochemical and morphological information, and the rapid acquisition and analysis of these images aids in objective evaluation of the middle ear pathology. Our pilot study shows the potential of using label-free narrow-band reflectance imaging to differentiate middle ear pathological conditions from normal middle ear. This technique can aid in obtaining objective and reproducible diagnoses as well as provide assistance in guiding excisional procedures.Connecticut Institute for Clinical and Translational Science (CICATS)Johns Hopkins University. Whiting School of Engineering (Startup Funds
Recommended from our members
Can an Off-Nominal Landing by an MMRTG-Powered Spacecraft Induce a Special Region on Mars When No Ice Is Present?
This work aims at addressing whether a catastrophic failure of an entry, descent, and landing event of a Multimission Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator-based lander could embed the heat sources into the martian subsurface and create a local environment that (1) would temporarily satisfy the conditions for a martian Special Region and (2) could establish a transport mechanism through which introduced terrestrial organisms could be mobilized to naturally occurring Special Regions elsewhere on Mars. Two models were run, a primary model by researchers at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and a secondary model by researchers at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, both of which were based on selected starting conditions for various surface composition cases that establish the worst-case scenario, including geological data collected by the Mars Science Laboratory at Gale Crater. The summary outputs of both modeling efforts showed similar results: that the introduction of the modeled heat source could temporarily create the conditions established for a Special Region, but that there would be no transport mechanism by which an introduced terrestrial microbe, even if it was active during the temporarily induced Special Region conditions, could be transported to a naturally occurring Special Region of Mars
Anticommensal Responses Are Associated with Regulatory T Cell Defect in Autoimmune Polyendocrinopathy-Candidiasis-Ectodermal Dystrophy Patients
Autoimmune polyendocrinopathy-candidiasis-ectodermal dystrophy (APECED) is a monogenic autoimmune disease caused by mutations in the AIRE gene. Although mainly an endocrine disease, a substantial fraction of patients have gastrointestinal manifestations. In this study, we have examined the role of anticommensal responses and their regulation. APECED patients had increased levels of Abs against Saccharomyces cerevisiae (p <0.0001) and against several species of commensal gut bacteria, but not against species predominantly associated with other locations. The anticommensal Ab levels did not correlate with gastrointestinal autoantibodies, neutralizing anti-IL-17 or -IL-22 Abs, or gastrointestinal symptoms, although scarcity of the available clinical data suggests that further study is required. However, the anti-S. cerevisiae Ab levels showed a significant inverse correlation with FOXP3 expression levels in regulatory T cells (Treg), previously shown to be dysfunctional in APECED. The correlation was strongest in the activated CD45RO(+) population (rho = 20.706; p <0.01). APECED patients also had decreased numbers of FOXP3(+) cells in gut biopsies. These results show that APECED patients develop early and sustained responses to gut microbial Ags in a pattern reminiscent of Crohn's disease. This abnormal immune recognition of gut commensals is linked to a systemic Treg defect, which is also reflected as a local decrease of gut-associated Treg. To our knowledge, these data are the first to show dysregulated responses to non-self commensal Ags in APECED and indicate that AIRE contributes to the regulation of gut homeostasis, at least indirectly. The data also raise the possibility of persistent microbial stimulation as a contributing factor in the pathogenesis of APECED.Peer reviewe
- âŠ