Interfaces entre funções executivas, linguagem e intencionalidade

The relation between language and executive functions, also known as complex cognitive functions, has already been established in the past by Luria and Vygotsky. This article revises the concept of executive functions from a neuropsychological and cognitive perspective. Some of the executive function recognized models, as well as studies about executive functions in children, are presented. The development of executive functions is discussed from a biological, neuropsychological and cognitive perspective. The importance of language in these processes, as a regulative function of intentional action, is emphasized. This discussion proposes that developmental aspects should be included in models about executive functions.La relación entre lenguaje y funciones ejecutivas, también conocidas como funciones cognitivas complejas, fue establecida en el pasado por Luria y Vygotsky. Este artículo revisa el concepto de funciones ejecutivas bajo las perspectivas neuropsicológica y cognitiva. Se presentan algunos modelos sobre el proceso de las funciones ejecutivas, así como estudios sobre funciones ejecutivas en niños. Se discute el desarrollo de las funciones ejecutivas bajo una optica biológica, neuropsicologica y cognitiva, destacándose la importancia del lenguaje en esos procesos, como función reguladora de la acción intencional. Esta discusión propone que se incluyan aspectos del desarrollo en los modelos sobre funciones ejecutivas.A relação entre linguagem e funções executivas, também conhecidas como funções cognitivas complexas, já foi estabelecida no passado por Luria e Vygotsky. Este artigo tem por objetivo revisar o conceito de funções executivas sob as perspectivas neuropsicológica e cognitiva. Alguns dos reconhecidos modelos sobre processamento das funções executivas são apresentados, assim como estudos recentes sobre funções executivas em crianças. O desenvolvimento das funções executivas é discutido sob o ponto de vista biológico, neuropsicológico e cognitivo, destacando-se a importância da linguagem nesses processos, enquanto função reguladora da ação intencional. Essa discussão propõe que aspectos do desenvolvimento sejam incluídos nos modelos futuros sobre funções executivas

Fifteen years of the Australian imaging, biomarkers and lifestyle (AIBL) study: Progress and observations from 2,359 older adults spanning the spectrum from cognitive normality to Alzheimer\u27s disease

Background: The Australian Imaging, Biomarkers and Lifestyle (AIBL) Study commenced in 2006 as a prospective study of 1,112 individuals (768 cognitively normal (CN), 133 with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and 211 with Alzheimer\u27s disease dementia (AD)) as an \u27Inception cohort\u27 who underwent detailed ssessments every 18 months. Over the past decade, an additional 1247 subjects have been added as an \u27Enrichment cohort\u27 (as of 10 April 2019). Objective: Here we provide an overview of these Inception and Enrichment cohorts of more than 8,500 person-years of investigation. Methods: Participants underwent reassessment every 18 months including comprehensive cognitive testing, neuroimaging (magnetic resonance imaging, MRI; positron emission tomography, PET), biofluid biomarkers and lifestyle evaluations. Results: AIBL has made major contributions to the understanding of the natural history of AD, with cognitive and biological definitions of its three major stages: preclinical, prodromal and clinical. Early deployment of Aβ-amyloid and tau molecular PET imaging and the development of more sensitive and specific blood tests have facilitated the assessment of genetic and environmental factors which affect age at onset and rates of progression. Conclusion: This fifteen-year study provides a large database of highly characterized individuals with longitudinal cognitive, imaging and lifestyle data and biofluid collections, to aid in the development of interventions to delay onset, prevent or treat AD. Harmonization with similar large longitudinal cohort studies is underway to further these aims

Recommendations for Developing Immersive Virtual Reality Serious Game for Autism: Insights From a Systematic Literature Review

The use of serious games for the treatment of people with autism is currently considered a promising approach due to its positive effects on promoting learning through playful and motivating experiences. In recent years, increased research has focused on serious games utilizing Immersive Virtual Reality (IVR) technologies, such as large-scale projection-based systems and head-mounted displays. The high level of immersion provided by IVR has been found to benefit learning outcomes, as it reduces environmental distractions and helps individuals focus on learning tasks while also addressing social anxiety. Researchers have conducted significant work in this field over the past decade, yielding promising results. However, the development of these learning interventions comes with methodological challenges and issues, especially in how to conduct the development process and design IVR-based serious games for the learning of people with autism. Based on these premises, this systematic review thoroughly analyzes the literature on developing IVR-based serious games for individuals with autism, discussing inherent shortcomings and reflecting on them. Then, twenty IVR-based serious games for people with autism developed between 2009 and mid-2021 are selected and analyzed, focusing on the people engaged in the development process, the design methodology adopted, and the serious game design framework employed. From this analysis, a set of recommendations are proposed to support anyone interested in developing IVR-based serious games for people with autism. In addition, the gaps left unsolved in the autism literature are highlighted, upon which a research agenda is grounded

Interfaz entre funciones ejecutivas, lenguaje e internacionalidad

A relação entre linguagem e funções executivas, também conhecidas como funções cognitivas complexas, já foi estabelecida no passado por Luria e Vygotsky. Este artigo tem por objetivo revisar o conceito de funções executivas sob as perspectivas neuropsicológica e cognitiva. Alguns dos reconhecidos modelos sobre processamento das funções executivas são apresentados, assim como estudos recentes sobre funções executivas em crianças. O desenvolvimento das funções executivas é discutido sob o ponto de vista biológico, neuropsicológico e cognitivo, destacando-se a importância da linguagem nesses processos, enquanto função reguladora da ação intencional. Essa discussão propõe que aspectos do desenvolvimento sejam incluídos nos modelos futuros sobre funções executivas.The relation between language and executive functions, also known as complex cognitive functions, has already been established in the past by Luria and Vygotsky. This article revises the concept of executive functions from a neuropsychological and cognitive perspective. Some of the executive function recognized models, as well as studies about executive functions in children, are presented. The development of executive functions is discussed from a biological, neuropsychological and cognitive perspective. The importance of language in these processes, as a regulative function of intentional action, is emphasized. This discussion proposes that developmental aspects should be included in models about executive functions.La relación entre lenguaje y funciones ejecutivas, también conocidas como funciones cognitivas complejas, fue establecida en el pasado por Luria y Vygotsky. Este artículo revisa el concepto de funciones ejecutivas bajo las perspectivas neuropsicológica y cognitiva. Se presentan algunos modelos sobre el proceso de las funciones ejecutivas, así como estudios sobre funciones ejecutivas en niños. Se discute el desarrollo de las funciones ejecutivas bajo una optica biológica, neuropsicologica y cognitiva, destacándose la importancia del lenguaje en esos procesos, como función reguladora de la acción intencional. Esta discusión propone que se incluyan aspectos del desarrollo en los modelos sobre funciones ejecutivas