Estudo piloto para avaliar a influência do biofeedback visual no equilíbrio sentado em pacientes após AVE

Projeto de Graduação apresentado à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do grau de Licenciada em FisioterapiaObjetivo: avaliar a eficácia da reabilitação do equilíbrio sentado de pacientes após AVE através do biofeedback visual, assim como tentar perceber em que fase da reabilitação o mesmo deveria ser introduzido. Metodologia: amostra composta por 8 idosos após AVE (74,13 ± 3,63 anos; 55,75 ± 2,61 kg; 1,62 ± 0.03 m). Divididos em dois grupos de 4 elementos, um grupo de Terapia Conservadora e um grupo de Terapia Combinada 5 vezes por semanas, durante 4 semanas. Duas semanas depois os pacientes trocaram de grupo, tendo todos realizado tratamento com o biofeedback visual através do aparelho Physiosensing mas em diferentes alturas. Todos os pacientes foram avaliados com recurso a dois exercícios selecionados do Physiosensing e às Escalas de Equilíbrio de Berg, Escala de Medida de Independência Funcional e Escala de Queda de Morse no início do estudo, quando mudaram de grupo e no final do estudo. Resultados: verificaram-se ligeiras melhorias no equilíbrio dos pacientes, no entanto nenhuma das variáveis analisadas mostraram diferenças significativas entre os grupos nem entre os momentos de avaliação. Conclusão: não foi possível afirmar a eficácia da utilização do biofeedback visual, através do Physiosensing, na reabilitação do equilíbrio sentado de pacientes pós-AVE.Objective: evaluate the effectiveness of rehabilitation of sitting balance of post-stroke patients through visual biofeedback, such as trying to figure it out in witch phase of the rehabilitation should be introduced. Methodology: sample of 8 elderly after stroke (74.13 ± 3.63 years; 55.75 ± 2.61 kg, 1.62 ± 0:03 m). Divided into two groups of 4 elements, a group of conservative therapy and a group of Combined Therapy 5 times a week for 4 weeks. Two weeks later patients switched groups and all of them performed treatment with visual biofeedback device, through Physiosensing but at different times. All patients were evaluated using two selected exercises from the Physiosensing and the Berg Balance Scale, Independence Measurement Scale Functional and Morse Fall Scale in the beginning of the study, when the groups changed and at the end of the study. Results: There were slightly improvements in the balance of patients, however none of the variables showed significant differences between groups or between the evaluations. Conclusion: It wans´t possible to claim effectiveness using visual biofeedback through Physiosensing in sitting balance rehabilitation of post-stroke patients.N/

Estudo piloto para avaliar a influência do biofeedbackvisual no equilíbrio sentado em pacientes após AVE

Projeto de Graduação apresentado à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do grau de Licenciada em FisioterapiaObjetivo: avaliar a eficácia da reabilitação do equilíbrio sentado de pacientes após AVE através do biofeedback visual, assim como tentar perceber em que fase da reabilitação o mesmo deveria ser introduzido. Metodologia: amostra composta por 8 idosos após AVE (74,13 ± 3,63 anos; 55,75 ± 2,61 kg; 1,62 ± 0.03 m). Divididos em dois grupos de 4 elementos, um grupo de Terapia Conservadora e um grupo de Terapia Combinada 5 vezes por semanas, durante 4 semanas. Duas semanas depois os pacientes trocaram de grupo, tendo todos realizado tratamento com o biofeedback visual através do aparelho Physiosensing mas em diferentes alturas. Todos os pacientes foram avaliados com recurso a dois exercícios selecionados do Physiosensing e às Escalas de Equilíbrio de Berg, Escala de Medida de Independência Funcional e Escala de Queda de Morse no início do estudo, quando mudaram de grupo e no final do estudo. Resultados: verificaram-se ligeiras melhorias no equilíbrio dos pacientes, no entanto nenhuma das variáveis analisadas mostraram diferenças significativas entre os grupos nem entre os momentos de avaliação. Conclusão: não foi possível afirmar a eficácia da utilização do biofeedback visual, através do Physiosensing, na reabilitação do equilíbrio sentado de pacientes pós-AVE.Objective: evaluate the effectiveness of rehabilitation of sitting balance of post-stroke patients through visual biofeedback, such as trying to figure it out in witch phase of the rehabilitation should be introduced. Methodology: sample of 8 elderly after stroke (74.13 ± 3.63 years; 55.75 ± 2.61 kg, 1.62 ± 0:03 m). Divided into two groups of 4 elements, a group of conservative therapy and a group of Combined Therapy 5 times a week for 4 weeks. Two weeks later patients switched groups and all of them performed treatment with visual biofeedback device, through Physiosensing but at different times. All patients were evaluated using two selected exercises from the Physiosensing and the Berg Balance Scale, Independence Measurement Scale Functional and Morse Fall Scale in the beginning of the study, when the groups changed and at the end of the study. Results: There were slightly improvements in the balance of patients, however none of the variables showed significant differences between groups or between the evaluations. Conclusion: It wans´t possible to claim effectiveness using visual biofeedback through Physiosensing in sitting balance rehabilitation of post-stroke patients.N/

Investigating Factors Associated with Fear of Falling in Community-Dwelling Older Adults through Structural Equation Modeling Analysis: A Cross-Sectional Study

The scientific literature mentions the existence of factors associated with fear of falling in older adults. However, the direct and indirect paths of its predictors have not yet been fully explored. This study aimed to analyze the socioeconomic, clinical, and health factors directly and indirectly associated with fear of falling in community-dwelling older adults. This is a cross-sectional study conducted in older adults (n = 410 – 70.11 ± 7.22 years). Clinical and health-condition data were collected, as were data on fear of falling using the Falls Efficacy Scale International—Brazil (FES-I Brazil). It was found that being female and having a higher number of self-reported morbidities, worse physical performance, and a higher number of depressive symptoms were directly associated with greater fear of falling. Regarding indirect associations, physical inactivity, mediated by a greater number of morbidities, worse physical performance, and a greater number of depressive symptoms, was associated with greater fear of falling. In addition, worse self-rated health, mediated by a greater number of depressive symptoms, as well as older age, mediated by worse physical performance, were associated with the outcome. This study provides information on the predictors directly and indirectly associated with fear of falling, expanding current understanding of this relationship

ATLANTIC BIRD TRAITS: a data set of bird morphological traits from the Atlantic forests of South America

Scientists have long been trying to understand why the Neotropical region holds the highest diversity of birds on Earth. Recently, there has been increased interest in morphological variation between and within species, and in how climate, topography, and anthropogenic pressures may explain and affect phenotypic variation. Because morphological data are not always available for many species at the local or regional scale, we are limited in our understanding of intra- and interspecies spatial morphological variation. Here, we present the ATLANTIC BIRD TRAITS, a data set that includes measurements of up to 44 morphological traits in 67,197 bird records from 2,790 populations distributed throughout the Atlantic forests of South America. This data set comprises information, compiled over two centuries (1820–2018), for 711 bird species, which represent 80% of all known bird diversity in the Atlantic Forest. Among the most commonly reported traits are sex (n = 65,717), age (n = 63,852), body mass (n = 58,768), flight molt presence (n = 44,941), molt presence (n = 44,847), body molt presence (n = 44,606), tail length (n = 43,005), reproductive stage (n = 42,588), bill length (n = 37,409), body length (n = 28,394), right wing length (n = 21,950), tarsus length (n = 20,342), and wing length (n = 18,071). The most frequently recorded species are Chiroxiphia caudata (n = 1,837), Turdus albicollis (n = 1,658), Trichothraupis melanops (n = 1,468), Turdus leucomelas (n = 1,436), and Basileuterus culicivorus (n = 1,384). The species recorded in the greatest number of sampling localities are Basileuterus culicivorus (n = 243), Trichothraupis melanops (n = 242), Chiroxiphia caudata (n = 210), Platyrinchus mystaceus (n = 208), and Turdus rufiventris (n = 191). ATLANTIC BIRD TRAITS (ABT) is the most comprehensive data set on measurements of bird morphological traits found in a biodiversity hotspot; it provides data for basic and applied research at multiple scales, from individual to community, and from the local to the macroecological perspectives. No copyright or proprietary restrictions are associated with the use of this data set. Please cite this data paper when the data are used in publications or teaching and educational activities. © 2019 The Authors. Ecology © 2019 The Ecological Society of Americ

ATLANTIC BIRD TRAITS

Scientists have long been trying to understand why the Neotropical region holds the highest diversity of birds on Earth. Recently, there has been increased interest in morphological variation between and within species, and in how climate, topography, and anthropogenic pressures may explain and affect phenotypic variation. Because morphological data are not always available for many species at the local or regional scale, we are limited in our understanding of intra- and interspecies spatial morphological variation. Here, we present the ATLANTIC BIRD TRAITS, a data set that includes measurements of up to 44 morphological traits in 67,197 bird records from 2,790 populations distributed throughout the Atlantic forests of South America. This data set comprises information, compiled over two centuries (1820–2018), for 711 bird species, which represent 80% of all known bird diversity in the Atlantic Forest. Among the most commonly reported traits are sex (n = 65,717), age (n = 63,852), body mass (n = 58,768), flight molt presence (n = 44,941), molt presence (n = 44,847), body molt presence (n = 44,606), tail length (n = 43,005), reproductive stage (n = 42,588), bill length (n = 37,409), body length (n = 28,394), right wing length (n = 21,950), tarsus length (n = 20,342), and wing length (n = 18,071). The most frequently recorded species are Chiroxiphia caudata (n = 1,837), Turdus albicollis (n = 1,658), Trichothraupis melanops (n = 1,468), Turdus leucomelas (n = 1,436), and Basileuterus culicivorus (n = 1,384). The species recorded in the greatest number of sampling localities are Basileuterus culicivorus (n = 243), Trichothraupis melanops (n = 242), Chiroxiphia caudata (n = 210), Platyrinchus mystaceus (n = 208), and Turdus rufiventris (n = 191). ATLANTIC BIRD TRAITS (ABT) is the most comprehensive data set on measurements of bird morphological traits found in a biodiversity hotspot; it provides data for basic and applied research at multiple scales, from individual to community, and from the local to the macroecological perspectives. No copyright or proprietary restrictions are associated with the use of this data set. Please cite this data paper when the data are used in publications or teaching and educational activities. © 2019 The Authors. Ecology © 2019 The Ecological Society of Americ

NEOTROPICAL ALIEN MAMMALS: a data set of occurrence and abundance of alien mammals in the Neotropics

Biological invasion is one of the main threats to native biodiversity. For a species to become invasive, it must be voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into a nonnative habitat. Mammals were among first taxa to be introduced worldwide for game, meat, and labor, yet the number of species introduced in the Neotropics remains unknown. In this data set, we make available occurrence and abundance data on mammal species that (1) transposed a geographical barrier and (2) were voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into the Neotropics. Our data set is composed of 73,738 historical and current georeferenced records on alien mammal species of which around 96% correspond to occurrence data on 77 species belonging to eight orders and 26 families. Data cover 26 continental countries in the Neotropics, ranging from Mexico and its frontier regions (southern Florida and coastal-central Florida in the southeast United States) to Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay, and the 13 countries of Caribbean islands. Our data set also includes neotropical species (e.g., Callithrix sp., Myocastor coypus, Nasua nasua) considered alien in particular areas of Neotropics. The most numerous species in terms of records are from Bos sp. (n = 37,782), Sus scrofa (n = 6,730), and Canis familiaris (n = 10,084); 17 species were represented by only one record (e.g., Syncerus caffer, Cervus timorensis, Cervus unicolor, Canis latrans). Primates have the highest number of species in the data set (n = 20 species), partly because of uncertainties regarding taxonomic identification of the genera Callithrix, which includes the species Callithrix aurita, Callithrix flaviceps, Callithrix geoffroyi, Callithrix jacchus, Callithrix kuhlii, Callithrix penicillata, and their hybrids. This unique data set will be a valuable source of information on invasion risk assessments, biodiversity redistribution and conservation-related research. There are no copyright restrictions. Please cite this data paper when using the data in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us on how they are using the data

Brazilian Flora 2020: Leveraging the power of a collaborative scientific network

International audienceThe shortage of reliable primary taxonomic data limits the description of biological taxa and the understanding of biodiversity patterns and processes, complicating biogeographical, ecological, and evolutionary studies. This deficit creates a significant taxonomic impediment to biodiversity research and conservation planning. The taxonomic impediment and the biodiversity crisis are widely recognized, highlighting the urgent need for reliable taxonomic data. Over the past decade, numerous countries worldwide have devoted considerable effort to Target 1 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC), which called for the preparation of a working list of all known plant species by 2010 and an online world Flora by 2020. Brazil is a megadiverse country, home to more of the world's known plant species than any other country. Despite that, Flora Brasiliensis, concluded in 1906, was the last comprehensive treatment of the Brazilian flora. The lack of accurate estimates of the number of species of algae, fungi, and plants occurring in Brazil contributes to the prevailing taxonomic impediment and delays progress towards the GSPC targets. Over the past 12 years, a legion of taxonomists motivated to meet Target 1 of the GSPC, worked together to gather and integrate knowledge on the algal, plant, and fungal diversity of Brazil. Overall, a team of about 980 taxonomists joined efforts in a highly collaborative project that used cybertaxonomy to prepare an updated Flora of Brazil, showing the power of scientific collaboration to reach ambitious goals. This paper presents an overview of the Brazilian Flora 2020 and provides taxonomic and spatial updates on the algae, fungi, and plants found in one of the world's most biodiverse countries. We further identify collection gaps and summarize future goals that extend beyond 2020. Our results show that Brazil is home to 46,975 native species of algae, fungi, and plants, of which 19,669 are endemic to the country. The data compiled to date suggests that the Atlantic Rainforest might be the most diverse Brazilian domain for all plant groups except gymnosperms, which are most diverse in the Amazon. However, scientific knowledge of Brazilian diversity is still unequally distributed, with the Atlantic Rainforest and the Cerrado being the most intensively sampled and studied biomes in the country. In times of “scientific reductionism”, with botanical and mycological sciences suffering pervasive depreciation in recent decades, the first online Flora of Brazil 2020 significantly enhanced the quality and quantity of taxonomic data available for algae, fungi, and plants from Brazil. This project also made all the information freely available online, providing a firm foundation for future research and for the management, conservation, and sustainable use of the Brazilian funga and flora