Preconditioning of low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation with transcranial direct current stimulation: evidence for homeostatic plasticity in the human motor cortex

Recent experimental work in animals has emphasized the importance of homeostatic plasticity as a means of stabilizing the properties of neuronal circuits. Here, we report a phenomenon that indicates a homeostatic pattern of cortical plasticity in healthy human subjects. The experiments combined two techniques that can produce long-term effects on the excitability of corticospinal output neurons: transcranial direct current stimulation (TDCS) and repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) of the left primary motor cortex. "Facilitatory preconditioning" with anodal TDCS caused a subsequent period of 1 Hz rTMS to reduce corticospinal excitability to below baseline levels for >20 min. Conversely, "inhibitory preconditioning" with cathodal TDCS resulted in 1 Hz rTMS increasing corticospinal excitability for at least 20 min. No changes in excitability occurred when 1 Hz rTMS was preceded by sham TDCS. Thus, changing the initial state of the motor cortex by a period of DC polarization reversed the conditioning effects of 1 Hz rTMS. These preconditioning effects of TDCS suggest the existence of a homeostatic mechanism in the human motor cortex that stabilizes corticospinal excitability within a physiologically useful range

Penerapan Resource Allocation Dan Levelling Tenaga Kerja Dengan Menggunakan Microsoft Project 2010 Pada Suatu Proyek Konstruksi

Dalam menerapkan allocation dan levelling digunakan software Microsoft project 2010. Metode ini diterapkan pada suatu proyek konstruksi dengan resource yang ada. Sumber daya yang di bahas pada penelitian ini adalah tenaga kerja. Kemudian kita dapat menentukan tenaga kerja yang dibutuhkan pada proyek tersebut sehingga penjadwalan dapat terpenuhi. Pada penelitian ini perhitungan tenaga kerja yang dibutuhkan dilakukan secara manual menggunakan SNI. Kemudian hasilnya diinputkan pada Microsoft Project. Setelah itu melakukan levelling pada Microsoft Project secara otomatis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dengan tenaga kerja yang ada yaitu 1 mandor, 21 pekerja, 3 tukang batu, 10 tukang kayu, jadwal yang awalnya di rencanakan 10 bulan menjadi 20 bulan. Apabila jadwal proyek tetap 10 bulan maka pekerja yang harus disediakan menjadi rata-rata 40 orang tetapi pada akhir bulan September 2014 dan bulan Mei 2015 harus disediakan 65 orang, tukang batu rata-rata 2 orang tetapi pada bulan Desember 2014 dan Januari 2015 harus disediakan 4 orang, tukang kayu rata-rata 8 orang tetapi pada bulan Oktober 2014, Desember 2014 dan Januari 2015 harus disediakan 12 orang. Oleh karena itu pada saat perencanaan jadwal proyek harus memperhitungkan jumlah tenaga kerja yang tersedia sehingga jadwal yang direncanakan dapat realistis sesuai dengan Kenyataan di lapangan

Pengaruh Gaya Kepemimpinan terhadap Kepuasan Kerja Auditor dengan Kompleksitas Tugas dan Locus Of Control sebagai Variabel Moderating (Studi Survei pada Kap di Pekanbaru dan Padang)

The study was conducted using a survey method. With the aim to empirical evidence that the effect of leadership style to relation job satisfaction with task complexity and locus of control as moderated of Public Accountant Offices in the city of Pekanbaru and Padang. The population in this study were 13 Public accountant offices in the city of Pekanbaru and Padang. Samples taken are 36 respondents. The type of data used is primary data by using questionnaire method of data collection. Data analysis methods are used MRA (moderated regression analysis) with SPSS Version, 17.0. The results of this study indicate that leadership style effect on the job satisfaction with a t-value of 3,961, 2,032 T-table, a significant 0.000. Leadership style affect on the job satisfaction with moderated by task complexity with a t-value of- 2,603, 2,035 t-table, significant 0.014. Leadership style affect on the job satisfaction with moderated by locus of control with a t-value of 2,296, 2,035 t-table, a significant 0.028.Keywords: Leadership style, task complexity, locus of control and job satisfactio

Analisis Kesiapan Sumber Daya Manusia Pada Kontraktor Di Surabaya Menghadapi Masyarakat Ekonomi ASEAN

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui kesiapan sumber daya manusia pada kontraktor di Surabaya dalam menghadapi Masyarakat Ekonomi ASEAN (MEA), terutama para tenaga kerja yang berada di Surabaya. Ketersediaan jumlah sumber daya manusia yang cukup banyak di Indonesia membuat aspek tersebut merupakan salah satu bagian yang perlu diperhatikan dalam menghadapi MEA. Dengan berlangsungnya MEA di negara-negara ASEAN maka aliran bebas tenaga kerja antar negara ASEAN akan semakin mudah dikarenakan dibebaskannya biaya pembuatan visa dan employment pass. Akibatnya, hal tersebut dapat memunculkan persaingan antara tenaga kerja lokal dengan tenaga kerja asing untuk mendapatkan lapangan pekerjaan di Indonesia.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 75% tenaga kerja belum siap secara administratif untuk menghadapi MEA yang akan berlaku mulai pada akhir tahun 2015 ini. Ketidaksiapan tersebut berupa ketidaklulusan syarat untuk mendaftar sebagai anggota ASEAN Chartered Professional Engineer (ACPE) sesuai dengan MRA on Engineering Services. Selain itu unit kompetensi yang perlu ditingkatkan bagi para tenaga kerja kontraktor di Surabaya adalah Manajemen Keselamatan Kesehatan Kerja dan Manajemen Lingkungan

Full-Configuration-Interaction Study of the Metal-Insulator Transition in Model Systems: Li_N Linear Chains (N=2,4,6,8)

International audienceThe precursor of the metal-insulator transition is studied at ab initio level in linear chains of equally spaced lithium atoms. In particular, full configuration interaction calculations (up to 1×109 determinants) are performed, in order to take into account the different nature of the wave function at different internuclear distances. Several indicators of the Metal-Insulator transition (minimum of the energy gap, maximum of the localization tensor or of the polarizability) are considered and discussed. It is shown that the different indicators give concordant results, showing a rapid change in the nature of the wave function at an internuclear distance of about 7bohrs

The Influence of Extrinsic Reward and Leadership Style on Employee Performance (Case Study at PT. Astra International Daihatsu, Manado)

The lack of resources for a character will affect someone in association or in a performance. Therefore, in a strong mental strive for the development of a person. Because when someone does have a strong character things like that will be appreciated by the leadership in it. It can solidify the progress of a person's performance that will affect the company. So it can generate quality employees instead of the usual course. Needs quality employees is very important in the company. Because of where the company will use all means the maintain of a qualified employees who can dedicates their loyalties to the company. The existence of reciprocity, either from the company or the employee. Improved performance of employees will bring progress for the company to be able to survive in an unstable competitive business environment. Therefore, efforts to improve the performance of employees is the most serious management challenges because of the success to achieve the goals and the survival of the company depends on the quality of performance of human resources in it