Making its Mark?

The authors describe the developing picture in the law relating to trade marks, reviewing decisions made under the Trade Marks Act 1994 and looking at a number of passing off cases. Article by Paul Harris and Paul Garland of Eversheds (London)  published in Amicus Curiae - Journal of the Institute of Advanced Legal Studies and its Society for Advanced Legal Studies. The Journal is produced by the Society for Advanced Legal Studies at the Institute of Advanced Legal Studies, University of London

Reynolds number dependence of scalar fluctuations in a high Schmidt number turbulent jet

The scalar rms fluctuations in a turbulent jet were investigated experimentally, using high-resolution, laser-induced fluorescence techniques. The experiments were conducted in a high Schmidt number fluid (water), on the jet centerline, over a jet Reynolds number range of 30003000 or 6500

Perceptions of creativity amongst university design tutors

The possibility to suppress the nonperturbative effects choosing the vary high multiplicity final state is discussed. The theoretical uncertainties and the experimental observable consequence of this choice are discussed

Large eddy simulation for turbulent non-premixed fuel-rich combustion in a cylindrical combustor

No abstract available

Primitive divisors of Lucas and Lehmer sequences

Stewart reduced the problem of determining all Lucas and Lehmer sequences whose $n$-th element does not have a primitive divisor to solving certain Thue equations. Using the method of Tzanakis and de Weger for solving Thue equations, we determine such sequences for $n \leq 30$. Further computations lead us to conjecture that, for $n > 30$, the $n$-th element of such sequences always has a primitive divisor

Magnetic Fields and Non-Local Transport in Laser Plasmas

The first Vlasov-Fokker-Planck simulations of nanosecond laser-plasma interactions – including the effects of self-consistent magnetic fields and hydrodynamic plasma expansion – will be presented. The coupling between non-locality and magnetic field advection is elucidated. For the largest (initially uniform) magnetic fields externally imposed in recent long-pulse laser gas-jet plasma experiments (12T) a significant degree of cavitation of the B-field will be shown to occur (> 40%) in under 500ps. This is due to the Nernst effect and leads to the re-emergence of non-locality even if the initial value of the magnetic field strength is sufficient to localize transport. Classical transport theory may also break down in such interactions as a result of inverse bremsstrahlung heating. Although non-locality may be suppressed by a large B-field, inverse bremsstrahlung still leads to a highly distorted distribution. Indeed the best fit for a 12T applied field (after 440ps of laser heating) is found to be a super- Gaussian distribution – f0 α e−vm – with m = 3.4. The effects of such a distribution on the transport properties under the influence of magnetic fields are elucidated in the context of laser-plasmas for the first time. In long pulse laser-plasma interactions magnetic fields generated by the thermoelectric (‘∇ne × ∇Te’) mechanism are generally considered dominant. The strength of B-fields generated by this mechanism are affected, and new generation mechanisms are expected, when non-locality is important. Non-local B-field generation is found to be dominant in the interaction of an elliptical laser spot with a nitrogen gas-jet

London Earth : presentation and assessment of field observation data

The London Earth field survey followed a systematic sampling approach to collect a representative suite of soil samples from across London from a variety of land uses, in order to ensure a robust, unbiased dataset which will represent the baseline geochemistry of the city’s environment. Soil geochemical baseline data can be used to investigate soil quality and geochemical processes in the urban environment, as well as determining where the levels of certain chemical elements are potentially hazardous to humans as well as the natural environment (Johnson and Ander, 2008). In addition to the collection of samples, important accompanying information including observations about the soil colour and composition, and land use details for each sampling site were recorded. This data is an important aspect of the survey as it allows us to assess the site and supports interpretation of the geochemical results. The combination of the geochemical survey data and related field observations provides a comprehensive data resource which will provide valuable information to land use planning and development applications such as urban regeneration as well as provide opportunity for science in the interest of national good. The aim of this report is to present and assess the observational data in order to: i. show the spatial distribution of certain properties of the data set, such as the land use types that were recorded for each sample; ii. to discuss their relative proportions; and, iii. to explain, where possible, any trends or patterns that can be seen in the data. This will be done primarily by presenting maps and graphs of the data and by some discussion of the information they contain. This is intended to provide a useful resource to support the ongoing interpretation of the geochemical data