Effect of Synthesized Chemical Compounds on Seed Germination

The role of synthesized chemical compounds viz., Benzothiazolyl 3-methyl 1,2,4-1 H triazole, Benzothiazolyl 3-benzyl 1,2,4-1 H triazole, Benzothiazolyl p-nitro 1,2,4-1 H triazole, Benzothiazolyl pyridino 1,2,4-1 H triazole, 2-hydroxy 3-methoxy phenyl 4-thiazolidinone, Nickel complex with hydrazone, Gibberellins and  Water. The compound, 2-hydroxy 3-methoxy phenyl 4-thiazolidinone and Nickel complex with hydrazone gave more germination as compared with standard Gibberrelic acid and water as control. Other parameters like pH, protein content using Biuret test, carbohydrate content using Anthrone method, fresh weight, dry weight, were also studied. As concentration of the compound decreases the resulting germination increases with increase in protein and carbohydrate content also

Production of Indole Acetic Acid by Azotobacter sp.

Six bacterial isolates were isolated from different rhizospheric soils. These isolates were further tested for the production of IAA in a medium with 0, 1, 2 and 5 mg/ml of tryptophan. A low amount of IAA production was recorded by Azotobacter strain without tryptophan addition. Production of IAA in Azotobacter increased with increase in tryptophan concentration from 1 to 5 mg/ml. In presence of 5 mg/ml of tryptophan, Azotobacter produced high levels of IAA. Production of IAA was further confirmed by 3 isolates of Azotobacter (Azb3, Azb5 Azb7) and subsequent TLC analysis. A specific spot from the extracted IAA preparation was found corresponding with the standard spot of IAA with the same Rf value. Azotobacter isolates (Azb3, Azb5 Azb7) showed inhibitory effects on the growth of root elongation at all concentrations of tryptophan compared to control. On the other hand, high concentration of exogenous tryptophan could exhibit toxic effects on plant growth

NEUROIMAGING MANIFESTATATIONS IN COVID-19 AND ITS SEQUELAE

BACKGROUND: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) emerged as a novel pathogenic virus in late 2019, infecting millions of people with severe pulmonary infections. It spread worldwide in a short time and became a pandemic, after which the World Health Organization (WHO) declared it a public health emergency. Central nervous system involvement by COVID-19 is already an established entity in the literature. The aim of this study was to evaluate in detail the acute and delayed neurological manifestations of COVID -19. RESULTS: COVID-19 infection can cause various neurologic manifestations and imaging findings. The most common neuroradiological abnormality is cerebrovascular events, which can also occur as a sequela of the infection. This study found a lower mean age of presentation in patients with cerebrovascular events, but no significant association was found between acute neurologic manifestations and demographic factors (like age, sex) or concomitant diseases. The severity of COVID-19 infection, as measured by the CT severity index (1), did not significantly impact neuroimaging findings, suggesting that they can occur even in patients with milder pulmonary symptoms. CONCLUSION: Understanding neuroimaging patterns in COVID-19 is crucial for patient care and preventive measures. This study offers a comprehensive insight into the topic

TYPE 2 AUTOIMMUNE PANCREATITIS

A 23-year-old female patient with no previous co-morbidities came to our hospital with a history of back pain for 4 days. No history of nausea/ vomiting/ loose stools/ fever/ melena/ hematemesis/ jaundice/ethanol abuse. The patient was not on any alternative medication. Physical examination was within normal limits. Serum amylase and lipase were elevated , measured 152U/L and 780 U/L respectively. AST/ ALT/ ALP were elevated , measured 88/139/308 respectively. Rest of the liver parameters and blood investigations were within normal limits

Experimental Investigation of Water Spray Cooling for Temperature Reduction in Liquid Piston Compressor

The objective of this study is to analyze the effect of spray cooling in a liquid piston compressor during the compression of air in terms of temperature abatement and compression efficiency. The liquid piston can effectively cover any irregular containers making its surface area to volume ratio better than conventional reciprocating pistons. This plays an important role in increased heat transfer to the outer surface resulting in improved efficiency. As the compression process has the minimum work input during an isothermal compression, the process path needs to shift from the polytropic curve towards the isothermal curve for higher efficiency. Recently, various methodologies have been tested in the liquid piston for increasing heat transfer from the chamber such as optimal compression trajectories, placing porous media inserts into the chamber, and introducing hollow spheres in the chamber. Also, several studies have presented spray cooling as a viable option for heat transfer enhancement in compressors due to its high specific heat and fine atomization. In this study, to shift compression trajectory towards an isothermal curve, spray cooling is investigated for a compression ratio of 2 in a liquid piston compressor. Experiments are performed in the liquid piston setup with water as the medium and a polypropylene chamber. The experimental setup for the spray system consists of a pump, pressure regulator, flowmeter, data acquisition system, and nozzles. For the spray; full cone and hollow cone nozzles were selected as they provide an even distribution of droplets with moderate to fine diameters. Spray angles from 60° to 120° for full cone nozzles, and injection line pressure from 275 kPa to 550 kPa are tested for various stroke times of compression. A temperature drop from 59°C to 35°C was observed when spray cooling was introduced with a full cone nozzle with 60° spray angle and 275 kPa injection pressure for a compression ratio of 2. Similarly, a significant drop in temperature of the air was observed with the use of spray from hollow cone nozzles with different spray angles and injection pressures. Experimental results indicated that full cone nozzles perform better than hollow cone nozzles due to higher flow rates and an even droplet distribution; even though the hollow cone nozzles have a finer atomization compared to the full cone nozzles. Higher injection line pressures resulted in greater temperature drop because of higher mass loading and finer droplet diameters, however higher injection pressures require higher pump work. Variation in spray angle did not show any significant change in temperature drop. Spray cooling was most effective for shorter compression stroke time along with higher flow rates. The polytropic index of compression approximately changed from 1.2 without spray to 1.04 – 1.08 when spray cooling was introduced. This corresponds to a 9 – 13% improvement in compression efficiency. This shows that by incorporating water spray the efficiency of liquid piston compressors can be significantly improved. Further investigations can be explored for optimization of spray characteristics and with multi-nozzle spray setups for improvements in compressor efficiency

A Review on ANFIS based Linearization of Non Linear Sensors

Low cost sensors having high sensitivity, better resolution and linear characteristics are required for industrial applications based on instrumentation and control. Unfortunately, the natural non linear characteristic of sensor itself and also the dynamic nature of the environment, aging effect, inherent sensor’s noise and data loss due to transients or intermittent faults affects the sensor characteristics non linearly. As the transfer characteristic of most sensors is nonlinear in nature, obtaining data from such a nonlinear sensor, by using an optimized device, has always been a design challenge. Linearization of nonlinear sensor characteristic in digital environment, is a vital step in the instrument signal conditioning process. This paper gives a brief review about how to overcome this nonlinear characteristic of the sensor using artificial intelligence such as  Hybrid Neuro Fuzzy Logic (HNFL) based on digital linearization technique using VLSI technology such as Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA)

Safety evaluation of seabuckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides) leaves in Japanese quail

Aim: The present study was designed to evaluate the safety of seabuckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L. Elaeagnaceae) leaves added in the diet of Japanese quail. Materials and Methods: A total of ninety quail chicks were randomly divided into 2 groups and fed a standard quail chick mash added with or without 2% SBT leaf powder (Group SX), and a standard quail chick mash (Group CX, control) for 21 days. Six animals from each group were randomly sacrificed at 7, 14 and 21 day post feeding. Blood and tissue samples were collected for biochemical and histopathological studies.Results: The inclusion of SBT in quail diet did not affect the weekly body weights, clinical signs or mortality among the birds. The serum biochemical parameters like alanine transaminase, total protein, albumin, cholesterol and uric acid values in SBT treated group were found at par with those in the control group. Gross and histopathological studies of various internal organs such as liver, kidneys, heart, spleen, proventriculus, small intestine, bursa and thymus did not reveal any significant lesions in the tissue sections. However, proliferation of lymphoid tissue was a prominent finding noted in different lymphoid organs.Conclusion: In conclusion, the addition of seabuckthorn leaf powder at 2% level in the diet of Japanese quail was found to be safe and it can be used as a feed additive

A Novel Coronavirus (nCOV- 2019): A Pandemic Severe Respiratory Tract Infections by SARS COV-2 in Human

Novel Coronavirus Disease 2019 (nCOV 2019) or Coronavirus is one which is associate communicable disease amongst variety of viruses that causes cold, fever, difficulty in breathing and ultimately death. The viruses cause metabolism infections, together with the mundane cold, that square measure usually delicate, although a lot of occasional forms like respiratory illness caused by SARS-CoV-2, the illness is that the reason for the 2019–20 coronavirus irruption. It’s primarily unfolded between individuals by diminutive droplets from infected people once they breathe or cough. Individuals could have few symptoms or develop febrility, cough, and shortness of breath. Whereas Feb 2020, different countries together with European country Asian Countries enclosed within the list. Antiviral drugs being tested embrace antimalarial drug, the ribonucleic acid enzyme substance remdesivir, and triazavirin, Umifenovir (Arbidol) and darunavir were planned. Remdesivir and antimalarial drug effectively inhibit the coronavirus in vitro. Favilavir approved as experimental corona virus drug. The objective of this review article to provide basic knowledge & preliminary opinion and to provide an advice which can be proved as the best mantra for defeating nCOV. Thus this review aims to throw light to the new and exciting areas of Virology,  Replication  cycle of corona virus ,  sign & symptoms and diagnosis, Spreading of corona virus, Structural biology of corona virus, the ways of treatment with  alternative medicines  other than antiviral drugs,  and prevention in its early stage of COVID-19 , and also Current Research on Corona. Keywords: Coronavirus, 2019-nCOV2, 2019–20 coronavirus irruption, SARS, WHO, Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC), replication of corona virus