Detection of Circulating Thyroid Tumor DNA in Patients with Thyroid Nodules

This study was conducted to determine the feasibility of detecting BRAF(V600E) circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) in the plasma of patients with thyroid nodules, with the goal of distinguishing between benign and malignant nodules. Plasma samples from patients undergoing thyroid surgery for thyroid nodules were obtained prospectively pre-operatively and one month post-operatively, and quantitative-PCR was used determine the presence of BRAF(V600E) ctDNA. These were compared to formalin fixed paraffin embedded samples from the index nodule. Thirty-eight pairs of preoperative and postoperative plasma samples were collected and analyzed. 6/18 (33.3%) patients with classical PTC and 0/8 (0%) patients with nodular hyperplasia had detectable levels of BRAF(V600E) ctDNA pre-operatively, thus BRAF(V600E) ctDNA was able to distinguish between benign and malignant nodules (p \u3c 0.05). The levels of all samples with detectable BRAF(V600E) ctDNA pre-operatively declined post-operatively (p \u3c 0.05). BRAF(V600E) ctDNA can be detected in plasma. Post-operative drop of BRAF(V600E) ctDNA in all cases suggests its utility as a tumor marker

Functional outcomes in early (T1/T2) supraglottic cancer: a systematic review

ObjectivesOrgan preserving surgery (OPS) and radiotherapy (RT) are both accepted treatment options for early stage supraglottic cancer (SGC). Radiation has supplanted surgery in most cases, because of the perception that surgery results in poorer functional outcomes. However, evidence suggests that OPS with a neck dissection may be associated with improved survival. Our objective was to conduct a systematic review of the literature to compare functional outcomes of OPS and RT for early SGC.MethodsWe searched Medline, EMBASE and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials to identify studies. Studies were included if they reported functional outcomes on 10 or more patients with early stage SGC treated with radiation or OPS, including open partial laryngectomy, transoral laser microsurgery (TLM) or transoral robotic surgery (TORS). Two reviewers independently screened articles for relevance using pre-determined criteria.ResultsFrom 7720 references, we included 10 articles (n=640 patients). 50% (n=320) of patients were treated with surgery. Three head-to-head RT versus OPS papers were included, however different outcome measures were used for each group. Intractable aspiration management (including total laryngectomy or permanent tracheostomy) following OPS was reported in five papers representing 186 patients; the definitive intractable aspiration management rate was 2.6% (95% CI 1.0-6.8%). Four papers reported permanent G-tube rate for the surgical group (n=198), calculating a rate of 5.3% (95% CI 2.6-10.5%), this was not reported for the RT group in any papers. One study reported quality of life. Two studies reported objective voice measures.ConclusionsThis systematic review revealed a paucity of objective measures and significant data heterogeneity, rendering the comparison of functional outcomes following OPS versus RT for early SGC limited. Future research should include objective measures of functional outcomes including laryngectomy rate, g-tube rate, tracheostomy dependence, quality of life, and voice quality measures

The Genomic and Evolutionary Landscapes of Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma

Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma is arguably the most lethal human malignancy. It often co-occurs with differentiated thyroid cancers, yet the molecular origins of its aggressivity are unknown. We sequenced tumor DNA from 329 regions of thyroid cancer, including 213 from patients with primary anaplastic thyroid carcinomas. We also whole genome sequenced 9 patients using multi-region sequencing of both differentiated and anaplastic thyroid cancer components. Using these data, we demonstrate thatanaplastic thyroid carcinomas have a higher burden of mutations than other thyroid cancers, with distinct mutational signatures and molecular subtypes. Further, different cancer driver genes are mutated in anaplastic and differentiated thyroid carcinomas, even those arising in a single patient. Finally, we unambiguously demonstrate that anaplastic thyroid carcinomas share a genomic origin with co-occurring differentiated carcinomas and emerge from a common malignant field through acquisition of characteristic clonal driver mutations

Modélisation numérique de la fibrillation et de la cavitation dans des bandes adhésives

In PSA (Pressure Sensitive Adhesives) tapes, adhesion rupture is accompanied by cavitation and fibrillation. At the microscopic level, both phenomena involve large deformation. As the material of this pressure-sensitive adhesive is visco-elastic, this large deformation leads to the dissipation of energy. This dissipation of energy is several orders of magnitude higher than the thermodynamic work of adhesion between substrate and adhesive. These mechanisms of adhesion rupture by cavitation and fibrillation go beyond the framework of the standard linear elastic fracture mechanics. Hence, we employ hyper-elastic material models such as Arruda-Boyce and Yeoh which can account for strain hardening and also for the viscoelastic nature of these materials in an effective elastic manner by considering strain rate dependency. This type of implementation of material models in numerical modeling of cavitation and fibrillation leads to help in understanding the total peeling energy.In this study, we numerically model the mono-fibril of different aspect ratios using the finite-element method (FEM). The small strain response of FEM simulations is compared with the flat punch contact to coated half-space. To implement the flat punch contact problem, we use Boundary Element Method (BEM). Apart from that, we use some simplified analytical methods such as the Poker-chip test for comparison. Simulation confirms that the force to draw fibrils from a flat soft adhesive film is larger than the force to uniaxially extend hypothetical independent strands of the adhesive. We also study the fibril debonding for our custom-made PSA tapes made by 3M company and give the power law for the force and displacement at debonding from the glass substrate at a particular peeling velocity. In addition to that, we also study the effect of sliding and compressibility on fibril debonding. We also check the effect of strain hardening on cavitation in the infinite medium by analytical method. Then we demonstrate the axisymmetric simulation of expanding and confined cavity and how it compares with the fibril simulations.As it is difficult to control the parameters such as aspect ratio and interfibrillar distance of fibrils in peeling experiments on the homogeneous substrate, we used experimental peeling data of patterned substrate for comparing our simulation results. This comparison is essential to gain insight into the future design of the patterning which can improve the adhesion.Dans les bandes PSA (Adhésifs sensibles à la pression), la rupture d’adhésion est accompagnée de cavitation et de fibrillation. Au niveau microscopique, les deux phénomènes impliquent une grande déformation. Comme le matériau de cet adhésif sensible à la pression est viscoélastique, cette grande déformation conduit à la dissipation de l’énergie. Cette dissipation d’énergie est de plusieurs ordres de grandeur supérieure au travail thermodynamique d’adhésion entre substrat et adhésif. Ces mécanismes de rupture d’adhérence par cavitation et fibrillation vont au-delà du cadre de la mécanique linéaire standard de rupture élastique. Par conséquent, nous utilisons des modèles de matériaux hyper-élastiques tels que Arruda-Boyce et Yeoh qui peuvent tenir compte de l’écrouissage et aussi de la nature viscoélastique de ces matériaux d’une manière élastique efficace en considérant la dépendance au taux de déformation. Ce type de mise en œuvre de modèles de matériaux dans la modélisation numérique de la cavitation et de la fibrillation conduit à aider à comprendre l’énergie de pelage total.Dans cette étude, nous modélisons numériquement le mono-fibrille de différents rapports d’aspect en utilisant la méthode des éléments finis (FEM). La faible réponse de déformation des simulations FEM est comparée au contact plat du poinçon avec le demi-espace enduit. Pour implémenter le problème de contact de poinçon plat, nous utilisons la méthode Boundary Element (BEM). En dehors de cela, nous utilisons certaines méthodes analytiques simplifiées telles que le test Poker-chip pour la comparaison. La simulation confirme que la force require pour tirer les fibrilles d’un film adhésif plat est plus grande que la force require pour étendre uniaxialement des brins indépendants hypothétiques de l’adhésif. Nous étudions également le décollement du fibril pour nos bandes PSA sur mesure de la société 3M et donnons la loi de puissance pour la force et le déplacement au décollement du substrat de verre à une vitesse de peeling particulière. De plus, nous étudions l’effet du glissement et de la compressibilité sur le décollement fibrillaire. Nous vérifions également l’effet de l’écrouissage sur la cavitation dans le milieu infini par méthode analytique. Ensuite, nous montrons la simulation axisymétrique en expansion et la cavité confinée et comment elle se compare aux simulations du fibril.Comme il est difficile de contrôler les paramètres tels que le rapport d’aspect et la distance interfibrillaire des fibrilles dans les expériences de peeling sur le substrat homogène, nous avons utilisé des données expérimentales de pelage de substrat modélisé pour comparer nos résultats de simulation. Cette comparaison est essentielle pour avoir un aperçu de la conception future du motif qui peut améliorer l’adhésion

Modélisation numérique de la fibrillation et de la cavitation dans des bandes adhésives

In PSA (Pressure Sensitive Adhesives) tapes, adhesion rupture is accompanied by cavitation and fibrillation. At the microscopic level, both phenomena involve large deformation. As the material of this pressure-sensitive adhesive is visco-elastic, this large deformation leads to the dissipation of energy. This dissipation of energy is several orders of magnitude higher than the thermodynamic work of adhesion between substrate and adhesive. These mechanisms of adhesion rupture by cavitation and fibrillation go beyond the framework of the standard linear elastic fracture mechanics. Hence, we employ hyper-elastic material models such as Arruda-Boyce and Yeoh which can account for strain hardening and also for the viscoelastic nature of these materials in an effective elastic manner by considering strain rate dependency. This type of implementation of material models in numerical modeling of cavitation and fibrillation leads to help in understanding the total peeling energy.In this study, we numerically model the mono-fibril of different aspect ratios using the finite-element method (FEM). The small strain response of FEM simulations is compared with the flat punch contact to coated half-space. To implement the flat punch contact problem, we use Boundary Element Method (BEM). Apart from that, we use some simplified analytical methods such as the Poker-chip test for comparison. Simulation confirms that the force to draw fibrils from a flat soft adhesive film is larger than the force to uniaxially extend hypothetical independent strands of the adhesive. We also study the fibril debonding for our custom-made PSA tapes made by 3M company and give the power law for the force and displacement at debonding from the glass substrate at a particular peeling velocity. In addition to that, we also study the effect of sliding and compressibility on fibril debonding. We also check the effect of strain hardening on cavitation in the infinite medium by analytical method. Then we demonstrate the axisymmetric simulation of expanding and confined cavity and how it compares with the fibril simulations.As it is difficult to control the parameters such as aspect ratio and interfibrillar distance of fibrils in peeling experiments on the homogeneous substrate, we used experimental peeling data of patterned substrate for comparing our simulation results. This comparison is essential to gain insight into the future design of the patterning which can improve the adhesion.Dans les bandes PSA (Adhésifs sensibles à la pression), la rupture d’adhésion est accompagnée de cavitation et de fibrillation. Au niveau microscopique, les deux phénomènes impliquent une grande déformation. Comme le matériau de cet adhésif sensible à la pression est viscoélastique, cette grande déformation conduit à la dissipation de l’énergie. Cette dissipation d’énergie est de plusieurs ordres de grandeur supérieure au travail thermodynamique d’adhésion entre substrat et adhésif. Ces mécanismes de rupture d’adhérence par cavitation et fibrillation vont au-delà du cadre de la mécanique linéaire standard de rupture élastique. Par conséquent, nous utilisons des modèles de matériaux hyper-élastiques tels que Arruda-Boyce et Yeoh qui peuvent tenir compte de l’écrouissage et aussi de la nature viscoélastique de ces matériaux d’une manière élastique efficace en considérant la dépendance au taux de déformation. Ce type de mise en œuvre de modèles de matériaux dans la modélisation numérique de la cavitation et de la fibrillation conduit à aider à comprendre l’énergie de pelage total.Dans cette étude, nous modélisons numériquement le mono-fibrille de différents rapports d’aspect en utilisant la méthode des éléments finis (FEM). La faible réponse de déformation des simulations FEM est comparée au contact plat du poinçon avec le demi-espace enduit. Pour implémenter le problème de contact de poinçon plat, nous utilisons la méthode Boundary Element (BEM). En dehors de cela, nous utilisons certaines méthodes analytiques simplifiées telles que le test Poker-chip pour la comparaison. La simulation confirme que la force require pour tirer les fibrilles d’un film adhésif plat est plus grande que la force require pour étendre uniaxialement des brins indépendants hypothétiques de l’adhésif. Nous étudions également le décollement du fibril pour nos bandes PSA sur mesure de la société 3M et donnons la loi de puissance pour la force et le déplacement au décollement du substrat de verre à une vitesse de peeling particulière. De plus, nous étudions l’effet du glissement et de la compressibilité sur le décollement fibrillaire. Nous vérifions également l’effet de l’écrouissage sur la cavitation dans le milieu infini par méthode analytique. Ensuite, nous montrons la simulation axisymétrique en expansion et la cavité confinée et comment elle se compare aux simulations du fibril.Comme il est difficile de contrôler les paramètres tels que le rapport d’aspect et la distance interfibrillaire des fibrilles dans les expériences de peeling sur le substrat homogène, nous avons utilisé des données expérimentales de pelage de substrat modélisé pour comparer nos résultats de simulation. Cette comparaison est essentielle pour avoir un aperçu de la conception future du motif qui peut améliorer l’adhésion

Tirmilyra concinnus Patel & Naderloo & Trivedi & Mitra 2023, n. comb.

<i>Tirmilyra concinnus</i> (Ghani & Tirmizi, 1995) n. comb. <p>(Figs. 1E, F, 2C, D, 3C, D, 4E, F)</p> <p> <i>Philyra concinnus</i> Ghani & Tirmizi, 1995: 144–147, fig 1a–h (material from Karachi).— Apel, 2001: 56; Ng <i>et al</i>. 2008: 92 (in list); Galil 2009: 281, tab 1; Naderloo & Türkay 2012: 32; Naderloo 2017: 109, figs 14.35c, 14.37, 14.38.</p> <p> <i>Philyra sexangula —</i> Stephensen, 1946: 89.</p> <p> <i>Ebalia sagittifera —</i> Cooper, 1997: 173, 174 (partly), fig 7.</p> <p> <b>Material examined.</b> ZUTC 6925, 1 male (CL 8.4 mm, CW 7.6 mm), 2 females (CL 9.3 mm, CW 8.2 mm; CL 9.4 mm, CW 8.4 mm), Hormoz Island, Persian Gulf, unknown collector and date; ZUTC 1341, 1 male, 1 female, coast of Bushehr, Persian Gulf, 28°58′N, 50°49′E, sandy/rocky, 10.2006, coll. R. Naderloo; ZUTC 1342, 2 males, 1 female, Qeshm I., Persian Gulf, coll. M. Asgari; ZUTC 1343, 1 male, 1 female, Badnar Kolahi, Strait of Hormoz, 27°02′N, 56°51′E, muddy-sand flat, 22.04.2008, coll. R. Naderloo; ZUTC 1344, 1 juvenile, East of city, Bandar-Abbas, Persian Gulf, 27°11′N, 56°21′E, muddy-sand flat with shells, 23.04.2008, coll. R. Naderloo, A. Kazemi, A. Keykhosravi; ZUTC 1345, 1 male, Jofreh, Bushehr, Persian Gulf, 28°58′N, 50°49′E, sandy/rocky, dead coral with algae, 24.05.2008, coll. R. Naderloo, A. Kazemi, H. Salehi.</p> <p> <b>Description.</b> Carapace hexagonal (Fig. 1E), slightly longer than broad. Dorsal surface smooth except three narrow minutely granular ridges uniting to form "broad-arrow" pointing forwards, middle ridge extendingfrom progastric to intestinal region; lateral ridges extending backwards laterally to branchial region, running parallel to anterolateral margins, with ends projecting beyond posterolateral margins, forming larger denticles (Fig. 1E); regions relatively distinct, with elevated gastric, cardiac, branchial, intestinal regions; hepatic region excavated forming depression, upper and lower margins beaded, originating from middle of anterolateral margin, not merging anteriorly, broadly triangular tooth projecting on anterior half of lower margin of anterolateral border; anterolateral margin convex, shorter than posterolateral margin, merging with posterolateral margin to form broad triangular tooth; anterolateral, posterolateral, posterior margins beaded; epibranchial angle obtuse; posterolateral margin slightly sinuous; front smooth, almost straight, epistome visible beyond frontal margin from dorsal view; posterior margin almost straight, slightly convex, lateral sides with strong, pointed, outwardly directed spines, spines or small obtuse projections (Fig. 1E). Anterior margin of endostome reaching slightly beyond anterior margin of inhalent channels.</p> <p>Maxilliped 3 (Fig. 3C) smooth, entirely covering endostome; merus with notch, two-thirds as long as ischium along inner margin; ischium two times longer than wide; carpus not visible in external view when reposed; propodus and dactylus visible in external view, articulating subdistally on inner surface of merus; exopod (Fig. 3C) outer margin convex, setose, much longer than wide, almost twice the length of merus.</p> <p>Chelipeds (Fig. 1E, F) equal, as long as carapace length, granulated. Merus triquetral in cross-section with edges raised and granular; both inner and outer margins with tuberculated ridge. Carpus and propodus have raised row of granules along inner edge of their upper surface. Fingers slender, about two-thirds length of propodus, cutting edge of fingers toothed with scattered setae, median shallow canal extending to distal length of both fingers.</p> <p>P2–P5 (Fig. 1E) subcylindrical; total length of all pairs almost similar, merus and carpus glabrous, merus longest as compared to carpus, propodus and dactylus. Carpus and propodus almost equal in length, dactylus large with tapering distal end.</p> <p>Thoracic sternum (Fig. 1F) smooth, tuberculated on margins, slightly concave. Sternites 1–3 completely fused without any trace of sutures, sternite 3 separated from sternite 4 by shallow groove; sternite 4–6 almost similar in width, sternite 7 slightly tuberculated.</p> <p>Male pleon (Fig. 1F, 3D) smooth with three articulating parts: somite 1 free, narrow; somite 2–6 fused, immovable, posterolateral angles with small bulge, somite 6 without any denticle; telson triangular, longer than broad with curved apex.</p> <p>Female pleon ovate; somite 1 free; somites 2–6 fused, suture clearly visible between somites 2 and 3, partial suture visible between somites 3–4 and 5–6, forming domed plate almost completely covering thoracic sternum. Telson triangular, longer than broad, with curved apex (Fig. 2D).</p> <p>G1 (Fig. 4E, F) shaft long, slender, straight, apical process long, about 0.2 times as long as whole length, more sinuous-shape, with spade-shape (spatulate) ending, apical lobe bearing setae almost length of the tip. Female gonopore (Fig. 5D) on inner anterior edge of sternite 5, oval in shape with broad opening.</p> <p> <b>Variation</b>. The carapace of female resembles with that of male, except for lateral sides of posterior margin having sharp dorsoventrally flattened teeth (Fig. 2C).</p> <p> <b>Distribution.</b> Pakistan (Ghani & Tirmizi 1995), Persian Gulf [Stephensen (1946) as <i>Philyra sexangula</i>; Apel 2001; Naderloo & Türkay 2012; Naderloo 2017] and Gulf of Oman (Naderloo <i>et al</i>. 2015).</p> <p> <b>Remarks.</b> Ghani & Tirmizi (1995) described <i>T. concinnus</i> <b>n. comb.</b> on the basis of specimens collected from Karachi (Pakistan) and Persian Gulf. As mentioned earlier, the Persian Gulf material examined by these authors is referable to <i>T. sagittifera</i> <b>n. comb.</b> (Apel 2001; Naderloo & Türkay 2012; Naderloo 2017). Here we also confirm that the drawing of a Persian Gulf specimen by Ghani & Tirmizi (1995: fig. 2) agrees with type specimen of <i>P. sagittifera</i> in the following features: carapace hexagonal, smooth except three broad tuberculated ridges unite to form a "broad-arrow" point; epibranchial angle forming right angle, posterior margin convex, lateral sides with knob-like teeth having rounded tips, small median tooth present on the posterior margin in males; and G1 shaft straight, slender, with apical process slightly sinuous-shape, with tapering end.</p> <p> The holotype and some of the paratypes of <i>T. concinnus</i> <b>n. comb.</b> deposited in the Marine Reference Collection and Resource Centre, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan are not traceable despite many searches in the museum (Noor Saher, personal communication). The second author has examined the paratype specimens (1 male and 1 female) deposited in Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, but these are in very poor condition and of little use for identification. The fresh specimens from the Persian Gulf examined here are in agreement with the description and illustrations of holotype provided by Ghani & Tirmizi (1995).</p> <p> <i>Tirmilyra concinnus</i> <b>n. comb.</b> closely resembles <i>T. sagittifera</i> <b>n. comb.</b> but can be differentiated from the latter species on the basis of several morphological characteristics that are discussed above in the remarks section of the latter species.</p>Published as part of <i>Patel, Krupal, Naderloo, Reza, Trivedi, Jigneshkumar & Mitra, Santanu, 2023, On the taxonomy of Philyra sagittifera (Alcock, 1896) and P. concinnus Ghani & Tirmizi, 1995 (Decapoda, Brachyura, Leucosiidae), with description of a new genus from the Indian Ocean, pp. 430-440 in Zootaxa 5330 (3)</i> on pages 436-439, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5330.3.6, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/8254906">http://zenodo.org/record/8254906</a&gt

Tirmilyra Patel & Naderloo & Trivedi & Mitra 2023, n. gen.

<i>Tirmilyra</i> n. gen. <p>(Figs. 1–4)</p> <p> <b>Type species</b>. <i>Philyra sagittifera</i> (Alcock, 1896), by present designation.</p> <p> <b>Species included</b>. <i>Philyra sagittifera</i> (Alcock, 1896) <b>n. comb.</b>, <i>Tirmilyra concinnus</i> (Ghani & Tirmizi, 1995) <b>n. comb.</b></p> <p> <b>Diagnosis.</b> Carapace hexagonal, slightly longer than broad; dorsal surface with regions relatively distinct; gastric, cardiac, branchial, intestinal regions elevated, granules or tubercles arranged in form of three broad ridges, uniting on gastric region forming "arrow" pointing forward (Fig. 1A, B, D, E); median ridge extending from progastric region to intestinal region, lateral ridges extending downwards parallel to anterolateral margins, merging with postero-lateral margins; metagastric region with or without tubercle (Fig. 1A, B, D, E); front straight or bilobed, epistome projecting beyond edge of front; hepatic region excavated, forming depression; upper, lower margins beaded, originating from mid anterolateral margin, not merging anteriorly; broadly triangular tooth projecting on anterior half of lower border of anterolateral margin (Fig. 1A, B, D, E); anterolateral, posterolateral, posterior margins beaded; anterolateral margins merging with posterolateral margin to form broad triangular tooth (Fig. 1A, B, D, E); posterior margin straight to slightly convex, with or without small median tooth in males (Figs. 1A, B, D, E), absent in females (Fig. 2A, C), pointed or blunt dorsoventrally flattened teeth on lateral sides of posterior margin (Figs. 1A, B, D, E; 2A, C). Maxilliped 3 smooth, merus notched; ischium longer than wide, longer than merus; exopod slender, elongated, outer margin convex, setate (Fig. 3A, C). Chelipeds equal; merus, carpus granulated; merus triquetral in cross-section with edges raised and granular; cutting edges of fingers toothed with sparse setae (Figs. 1A, D–F; 2A, C). P2–P5 slender; glabrous (Figs. 1A, D–F, 2A, C). Male pleon with three articulating somites, smooth; somite 1 narrow; somites 2–6 fused, immovable. Telson elongated, apex rounded (Fig. 1C, E; 3B, D). Female pleon ovate; somite 1 free; somites 2–6 fused, suture clearly visible between somites 2 and 3, partial suture visible between somites 3–4 and 5–6. Telson longer than wide, with curved apex (Fig. 2B, D).</p> <p>G1 long, slender, apical process slender, elongated, curved with tapering or spatulate tip, apical lobe setose (Fig. 4A–F). Female gonopore (Fig. 5A, C) on inner anterior edge of sternite 5, oval in shape.</p> <p> <b>Etymology.</b> The new genus is named in honour of late Professor Nasima M. Tirmizi of the University of Karachi, Pakistan, for her valuable contribution to taxonomic studies on brachyuran crabs of the Indian Ocean; used in arbitrary combination with the genus name <i>Philyra</i>. Gender: feminine</p> <p> <b>Remarks.</b> Galil (2009), in her revision of <i>Philyra</i> Leach, 1817, separated the genus into two groups. The first group with the first two male pleonites free (<i>Philyra</i> sensu stricto, <i>Afrophila</i> Galil, 2009, <i>Atlantolocia</i> Galil, 2009, <i>Ryphila</i> Galil, 2009, <i>Ovilyra</i> Ng, 2021, <i>Alocolyra</i> Trivedi, Mitra & Ng, 2022) and second group with the first two somites articulated (<i>Atlantophila</i> Galil, 2009, <i>Lyphira</i> Galil, 2009, <i>Pyrhila</i> Galil, 2009, <i>Hiplyra</i> Galil, 2009). In this regard, <i>Tirmilyra</i> <b>n. gen.</b> belongs to the second group of genera. However, <i>Tirmilyra</i> <b>n. gen.</b> can be immediately distinguished from other genera of second group on the basis of following characteristics: hexagonal carapace, carapace without punctae and bearing three broad tuberculated ridges uniting to form a "broad-arrow" pointing forwards and the male G1 straight, slender, with apical process curved with or without spatulated end. The morphological comparison between <i>Tirmilyra</i> <b>n. gen.</b> and closely related genera is given in Table 1.</p>Published as part of <i>Patel, Krupal, Naderloo, Reza, Trivedi, Jigneshkumar & Mitra, Santanu, 2023, On the taxonomy of Philyra sagittifera (Alcock, 1896) and P. concinnus Ghani & Tirmizi, 1995 (Decapoda, Brachyura, Leucosiidae), with description of a new genus from the Indian Ocean, pp. 430-440 in Zootaxa 5330 (3)</i> on pages 431-434, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5330.3.6, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/8254906">http://zenodo.org/record/8254906</a&gt

Diversity of intertidal, epibiotic, and fouling barnacles (Cirripedia, Thoracica) from Gujarat, northwest India

The present work studied the diversity of intertidal, epibiotic, and fouling barnacles in the state of Gujarat, northwest India. In total, eleven species belonging to eight genera and five families were recorded in the present study. The Arabian intertidal species Tetraclita ehsani Shahdadi, Chan & Sari, 2011 and Chthamalus barnesi Achituv & Safriel, 1980 are common in the high- and mid-intertidal rocky shores of Gujarat suggesting that the Gujarat barnacle assemblages are similar to the assemblages in the Gulf of Oman Ecoregion. The biogeographical boundary between the Gulf of Oman and Western Indian ecoregions for barnacles should probably extend southward towards the waters adjacent to Mumbai, where Indo-Pacific species of intertidal barnacles dominate. This study provides the first reports of the common widely distributed balanomorph barnacles Striatobalanus tenuis (Hoek, 1883), Tetraclitella karandei Ross, 1971, Amphibalanus reticulatus (Utinomi, 1967), and lepadid barnacle Lepas anatifera Linnaeus, 1758 in Gujarat, as well as of the chthamalid barnacle Chthamalus barnesi in India

An annotated checklist of anomuran species (Crustacea: Decapoda) of India

Patel, Krupal, Padate, Vinay, Osawa, Masayuki, Tiwari, Shivam, Vachhrajani, Kauresh, Trivedi, Jigneshkumar (2022): An annotated checklist of anomuran species (Crustacea: Decapoda) of India. Zootaxa 5157 (1): 1-100, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5157.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5157.1.

Treatment of early stage Supraglottic squamous cell carcinoma: meta-analysis comparing primary surgery versus primary radiotherapy

Objectives: For early stage supraglottic squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), single modality treatment either in the form of primary organ preservation surgery alone or radiation alone is recommended. Thus, a definite treatment strategy for early stage supraglottic SCC remains undefined. The primary objective of this study was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis comparing the oncologic outcomes of surgery and radiotherapy in early stage (Stage I and II) T1 N0 and T2 N0 supraglottic SCC. Methods: Systematic methods were used to identify published and unpublished data. Two reviewers independently screened all titles, abstracts and articles for relevance using predefined criteria. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. Results: Five studies met the inclusion criteria for disease specific mortality with a total of 2864 pooled patients. 5-year disease specific mortality was lower in the surgery group (ORs 0.43, 95% CI 0.31-0.60). Four studies met the inclusion criteria for 5-year overall mortality with a total of 2790 pooled patients. Five-year overall mortality was lower in surgery group (ORs 0.40, 95% CI 0.29-0.55). Conclusions: This is the first study to examine the management of early stage supraglottic SCC using meta-analytic methodology. Our results suggest that primary surgery may result in decreased disease specific and overall mortality compared to primary radiotherapy