2,740 research outputs found
Relative Effectiveness of Signals in IPOs in Indian Capital Markets
IPO by a firm calls for assessment of potential agency problems and associated costs by the outside investors. The potential conflict of interest problems between insiders and outsiders could be very high in countries with weak corporate governance mechanisms like India. Theoretically it could be argued that there are quite a few signals related to the firms in the IPO context and available to the investors, which could be used by them to assess the quality of firms. Based on cross-sectional data of 1243 IPOs in Indian markets during 1993-95 period, we find that the under-pricing (or realized excess returns), inside equity and pre-public offer firm reservations made for institutions and mutual funds explain the extent of oversubscription across IPOs. The type of agency appraising the project and presence or absence of foreign financial and/or technical collaborators fail to explain the extent of oversubscription across IPOs. In addition, we find that subscription rate rather than realized initial returns as dependent variable sheds more light on the effect of signals in a fixed-price open offer IPO process characterized by listing with considerable lag.
WOMEN EMPOWERMENT UNDER MADHYA PRADESH GOVERNMENT - AN OVERVIEW
Women cover around half population of the country so they are half power of the country. That's need equal rights, facilities and opportunities to go ahead and contribute to the development of India. Women empowerment is very necessary to make the bright future of the family, society and country. In Indian society, there was a custom of female infanticide, child marriage, dowry system, domestic violence, sexual violence, sexual harassment at work place, etc including other discriminatory practices. Women are so helpless in the Indian society where female as goddess are worshiped. The various schemes launched by the central and state government of India to empowerment of the women in India. The Government of India is implemented a number of programmes, for improving access to health, safety, protection, better education, employment etc.ĂÂ without much load on the parents. This work is focused about the schemes of government of Madhya Pradesh (MP) state, situated in the centre region of India. The necessary informations have been collected from the Internet using the various keywords related to the schemes
Chiral plasma instability and primordial Gravitational wave
It is known that cosmic magnetic field, if present, can generate anisotropic
stress in the plasma and hence, can act as a source of gravitational waves.
These cosmic magnetic fields can be generated at very high temperature, much
above electroweak scale, due to the gravitational anomaly in presence of the
chiral asymmetry. The chiral asymmetry leads to instability in the plasma which
ultimately leads to the generation of magnetic fields. In this article, we
discuss the generation of gravitational waves, during the period of
instability, in the chiral plasma sourced by the magnetic field created due to
the gravitational anomaly. We have shown that such gravitational wave will have
a unique spectrum. Moreover, depending on the temperature of the universe at
the time of its generation, such gravitational waves can have a wide range of
frequencies. We also estimate the amplitude and frequency of the gravitational
waves and delineate the possibility of its detection by future experiments like
eLISA.Comment: 8 pages, 2 figure
Gravitational waves in neutrino plasma and NANOGrav signal
The recent finding of the gravitational wave (GW) signal by the NANOGrav
collaboration in the nHZ frequency range has opened up the door for the
existence of stochastic GWs. In the present work, we have argued that in a hot
dense neutrino asymmetric plasma, GWs could be generated due to the instability
caused by the finite difference in the number densities of the different
species of the neutrinos. The generated GWs have amplitude and frequency in the
sensitivity range of the NANOGrav observation. We have shown that the GWs
generated by this mechanism could be one of the possible explanations for the
observed NANOGrav signal. We have also discussed generation of GWs in an
inhomogeneous cosmological neutrino plasma, where GWs are generated when
neutrinos enter a free streaming regime. We show that the generated GWs in an
inhomogeneous neutrino plasma cannot explain the observed NANOGrav signal. We
have also calculated the lower bound on magnetic fields' strength using the
NANOGrav signal and found that to explain the signal, the magnetic fields'
strength should have atleast value G at an Mpc length scale.Comment: 7 Pages and 1 figure
Evidence for two spin-glass transitions with magnetoelastic and magnetoelectric couplings in the multiferroic (BiBa)(FeTi)O system
For disordered Heisenberg systems with small single ion anisotropy, two spin
glass transitions below the long range ordered phase transition temperature has
been predicted theoretically for compositions close to the percolation
threshold. Experimental verification of these predictions is still
controversial for conventional spin glasses. We show that multiferroic spin
glass systems can provide a unique platform for verifying these theoretical
predictions via a study of change in magnetoelastic and magnetoelectric
couplings, obtained from an analysis of diffraction data, at the spin glass
transition temperatures. Results of macroscopic and microscopic (x-ray and
neutron scattering) measurements are presented on disordered BiFeO3, a
canonical Heisenberg system with small single ion anisotropy, which reveal
appearance of two spin glass phases SG1 and SG2 in coexistence with the LRO
phase below the A-T and G-T lines. It is shown that the temperature dependence
of the integrated intensity of the antiferromagnetic peak shows dips with
respect to the Brillouin function behaviour around the SG1 and SG2 transition
temperatures. The ferroelectric polarisation changes significantly at the two
spin glass transition temperatures. These results, obtained using microscopic
techniques, clearly demonstrate that the SG1 and SG2 transitions occur on the
same magnetic sublattice and are intrinsic to the system. We also construct a
phase diagram showing all the magnetic phases in BF-xBT system. While our
results on the two spin glass transitions support the theoretical predictions,
it also raises several open questions which need to be addressed by revisiting
the existing theories of spin glass transitions by taking into account the
effect of magnetoelastic and magnetoelectric couplings as well as
electromagnons.Comment: 59 pages 21 figure
Bayes Estimation of Shape Parameter of Length Biased Weibull Distribution
In this paper, length biased Weibull distribution is considered for Bayesian analysis. The expressions for Bayes estimators of the parameter have been derived under squared error, precautionary, entropy, K-loss, and Al-Bayyatiâs loss functions by using quasi and gamma priors
Thermal SZ effect in a magnetized IGM dominated by interacting DM decay/annihilation during dark ages
During cosmic dawn, the thermal history of the universe is well studied, and
a study of this era can give us some of the most useful insight into the
universe before the recombination epoch. Its precise modeling and future
high-precision measurements will be a valuable tool for determining the thermal
history of the universe. In the present work, we study the thermal and
ionization history of IGM in the presence of decaying magnetic fields via
ambipolar and turbulent decay, Baryon-Dark matter (BDM) interaction, including
the DM decay/annihilation. The BDM interaction cross-sections considered are of
the form , where and . In this work, we
show that in the current scenario, the decay/annihilation of the DM particles
have a considerable impact on the temperature and ionization histories at low
redshift. With the addition of the concept of fractional interaction, which
states that if a fraction of the DM particles interacts with the baryons, the
temperature and ionization fraction of the baryons show a strong dependence on
the percentage of DM particles interacting with the baryons. We have also
studied the interesting consequences of the present scenario on the thermal
Sunyaev-Zeldovich (tSZ) effect. We show that the highest value of the absolute
value of the mean parameter in the current DM decay/annihilation scenario
is well within the values derived from experimental data such as PLANCK, FIRAS,
and PIXIE. Later we calculate the bound on the ordinary magnetic fields
originating from the Dark photons.Comment: 16 page, 23 Figures (Comments and suggestions are welcome
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