An Assessment of Different Phytochemical Screening and Analysis of Polyphenol Compounds in Gamma-Oryzanol

The current research work's concentration is on mineral content analysis and polyphenol compound analysis. Using proximate analytical techniques, the chemical composition (ash, fat, proteins, fiber, and gross energy) was identified. Utilizing mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography, the phenolic profile was identified. It was discovered that they contain Gallic Acid, Caffeic Acid, Catechin, Epicatechin, Epigallocatechin Gallate, P-coumaric Acid, O-coumaric Acid, Naringin, Rosmarinic Acid, Quercetin, Naringenin, Rutin, Phytic Acid, Ferulic Acid, Chlorogenic Acid, Kaempferol, and Hydroxybenzoic Acid. The results showed great variations in each parameter of the nutritional and bioactive components. It was discovered during the phytochemical screening of the Gamma Orygenol that they contain a variety of minerals, including Potassium, Phosporous, Phosporous, Magnesium, Calcium, Iron, Znic, Sodium, and Copper

PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS OF COLD SHOCK PROTEINS IN PSEUDOMONAS SPECIES

Objective: The present study focuses on the determination of the relativity of the different types of cold shock proteins.Methods: Our study was to determine the relationship among the types of CSPs. Three different strains of pseudomonas genus, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Pseudomonas putida were chosen and molecular profiling was performed. The sequences thus obtained were subjected to multiple sequence analysis in ClustalW database. The molecular evolution and phylogenetic study have been carried out using phylodraw.Results: The phylogenetic analysis has clearly revealed the evolutionary pattern of cold shock proteins in pseudomonas species and the current stress of mutation among the strains.Conclusion: Phylogenetic analysis of cold shock proteins has clearly shown that important conserved sequences can be very useful to study the phylogeny of bacteria

NF-κB Mediates Tumor Necrosis Factor α-Induced Expression of Optineurin, a Negative Regulator of NF-κB

Optineurin is a ubiquitously expressed multifunctional cytoplasmic protein encoded by OPTN gene. The expression of optineurin is induced by various cytokines. Here we have investigated the molecular mechanisms which regulate optineurin gene expression and the relationship between optineurin and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB). We cloned and characterized human optineurin promoter. Optineurin promoter was activated upon treatment of HeLa and A549 cells with tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα). Mutation of a putative NF-κB-binding site present in the core promoter resulted in loss of basal as well as TNFα-induced activity. Overexpression of p65 subunit of NF-κB activated this promoter through NF-κB site. Oligonucleotides corresponding to this putative NF-κB-binding site showed binding to NF-κB. TNFα-induced optineurin promoter activity was inhibited by expression of inhibitor of NF-κB (IκBα) super-repressor. Blocking of NF-κB activation resulted in inhibition of TNFα-induced optineurin gene expression. Overexpressed optineurin partly inhibited TNFα-induced NF-κB activation in Hela cells. Downregulation of optineurin by shRNA resulted in an increase in TNFα-induced as well as basal NF-κB activity. These results show that optineurin promoter activity and gene expression are regulated by NF-κB pathway in response to TNFα. In addition these results suggest that there is a negative feedback loop in which TNFα-induced NF-κB activity mediates expression of optineurin, which itself functions as a negative regulator of NF-κB

Computer modeling for the operation optimization of mula reservoir, upper Godavari Basin, India, using the Jaya Algorithm

In this paper, an application of the Jaya Algorithm (JA) is presented, to develop an operation optimization model for the Mula reservoir, located on the upper Godavari Basin, in India. The mentioned algorithm is a relatively new optimization technique, which is algorithm-specific and parameterless. In JA, there is no need for algorithm-specific parameter tuning, unlike with other heuristic techniques. To test its applicability, the model performance has been compared with that of other models for hypothetical four reservoir system studies available in the literature. Simulations for hypothetical four reservoir system have proven that JA is a better solution for a number of Function Evaluations when compared with the results obtained by means of other evolutionary methods such as Genetic Algorithms, Particle Swarm Optimization, Elitist Mutated Particle Swarm Optimization, and Weed Optimization Algorithm models reported in previous studies. Simulations have been carried out for real time operation of the Mula reservoir, and have revealed its superior performance when comparing the water releases proposed by it and the ones proposed by existing policy. Hence, from the two case studies presented, it can be concluded that the JA has potential in the field of reservoir operation and can be further explored to operation optimization of existing multi-reservoir system, with lower computations.Science and Engineering Research Board | Ref. ECR/2016/00140

Hierarchically Uniform 2D Porous Sheet-like NiO/NiCo₂O₄: A High-Performance Positrode Material for All-Solid-State Hybrid Pseudocapacitors with Superior Ragone and Cyclic Efficiencies

As electrochemical energy storage devices with superior Ragone and cyclic efficiencies are vital for numerous modern-day technologies, herein, a kinetically controlled crystal growth strategy has been innovated to design a very uniform 2D porous sheet-like NiO/NiCo2O4 positrode material of very high surface area (235 m2 g–1) for the fabrication of a high-performance hybrid pseudocapacitor of all-solid-state architecture. The electrochemical investigation of NiO/NiCo2O4 in a three-electrode setup demonstrates the physiognomies such as rich redox reversibility, >95% diffusion-controlled charge storage, high rate charge storage efficiency, negligible iR drop, insignificant charge transfer, and series resistance of 0.45 and 1.21 Ω, respectively, and typical Warburg response indicative of facilitated diffusion of the electrolyte ions during the charge storage process, which illustrates the material’s archetypal suitability as an excellent positrode material for application in high-performance pseudocapacitors. The fabricated NiO/NiCo2O4||N-rGO all-solid-state hybrid pseudocapacitor (ASSHPC) device with PVA-KOH and N-rGO as the solid-gel separator electrolyte and negatrode material, respectively, demonstrates the physiognomies such as hybrid (semi-infinite diffusion and surface controlled) charge storage, imperceptible iR drop even under high applied current density conditions, superior rate specific capacity/capacitance, extremely low charge transfer, and series resistance of 0.3 and 1.0 Ω, respectively, very low relaxation time constant of ∼0.69 s, excellent Ragone efficiency (energy densities of 38 and 25 Wh kg–1 at power densities of 2346 and 10,976 W kg–1, respectively), and 98.4% retention in area specific capacity over 12,500 charge–discharge cycles. It is found that the multiple oxidation states of the Ni and Co ions in NiO/NiCo2O4 and the archetypical bulk porosity in its microstructure offer physicoelectrochemical compatibility with N-rGO, which facilitates lowly resisted electrolyte ion diffusion, increased redox-active sites, and shortened diffusion path length of the electroactive ions during the charge storage process in the high-performance ASSHPC device. The optimized approach in the study will boost the advancement of positrode material systems to develop extremely Ragone and cyclic efficient pseudocapacitor devices for integrations in prospective electronic architectures

Not Available

Not AvailableQuantitative trait loci (QTLs) for plant height (PHT) and other yield-related traits including number of fruits per plant (NFP), ten fruits weight (TFW), fruit length (FL), fruit width (FW), total fruit weight (ToFW) and pericarp thickness (PT) were mapped in intraspecific advanced recombinant inbred line (RIL) populations of pepper. The RILs were evaluated for 2 years (F8 and F9) for plant height and seven other yield-related traits. Three types of molecular markers; simple sequence repeats (SSR), sequenced characterized amplified region (SCAR) and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD)—were used to generate linkage maps. A total of 10 QTLs for yield-related traits were mapped on four linkage groups (LG). QTLs for plant height were mapped on LG5. The phenotypic contribution of these QTLs ranged from 8 % to 51 % in mean over environments. Out of 10 QTLs detected, nine were stable in both environments except the QTL for fruit length (Qfl.iivr.3.4) on LG3. The five QTLs; Qfw.iivr-2.1, Qtfw.iivr-2.1, Qtofw.iivr-2.1, Qnfp.iivr-2.1 and Qpt.iivr-2.1 were on the samemarker interval on LG2 and one QTL, Qtofw.iivr-3.1 were tightly linked on LG3, which suggests that these genomic regions play an important role in enhancing pepper production. The genomic regions of all stable QTLs identified may serve as potential target regions for fine mapping and development of molecular markers for manipulation of yield and morphological traits in pepper.Not Availabl

Not Available

Not AvailableQuantitative trait loci (QTLs) for plant height (PHT) and other yield-related traits including number of fruits per plant (NFP), ten fruits weight (TFW), fruit length (FL), fruit width (FW), total fruit weight (ToFW) and pericarp thickness (PT) were mapped in intraspecific advanced recombinant inbred line (RIL) populations of pepper. The RILs were evaluated for 2 years (F8 and F9) for plant height and seven other yield-related traits. Three types of molecular markers; simple sequence repeat (SSR), sequenced characterized amplified region (SCAR) and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD)—were used to generate linkage maps. A total of 10 QTLs for yield-related traits were mapped on four linkage groups (LG). QTLs for plant height were mapped on LG5. The phenotypic contribution of these QTLs ranged from 8 % to 51 % in mean over environments. Out of 10 QTLs detected, nine were stable in both environments except the QTL for fruit length (Qfl.iivr.3.4) on LG3. The five QTLs; Qfw.iivr-2.1, Qtfw.iivr-2.1, Qtofw.iivr-2.1, Qnfp.iivr-2.1 and Qpt.iivr-2.1 were on the same marker interval on LG2 and one QTL, Qtofw.iivr-3.1 were tightly linked on LG3, which suggests that these genomic regions play an important role in enhancing pepper production. The genomic regions of all stable QTLs identified may serve as potential target regions for fine mapping and development of molecular markers for manipulation of yield and morphological traits in pepper.Not Availabl

Biosynthesis and Response of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles against Periimplantitis Triggering Pathogens

Periimplantitis due to pathogenic bacteria is considered as a major cause for dental implants failures. Biogenic zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnPs) are known to inhibit periimplantitis triggering pathogens. The current investigation intended to perform ZnPs biosynthesis and evaluation against periimplantitis triggering bacteria. The current study involved ZnPs biosynthesis using Andrographis paniculata leaves aqueous extract (APLAE), followed by optimization, stability, characterization, and in vitro evaluation against periimplantitis triggering bacteria. The experimental results indicated the success of ZnPs biosynthesis based on the optimization of zinc acetate (1.5 g), plant extract (5 mL), pH 12, and temperature (25 °C), and using the stability study (absorbance between 365–370 nm) and characterization data exhibiting broad and shifted bands (in FTIR spectrum), the size was found to be below 98.61 nm (determined by FESEM and XRD spectra) and 71.54% zinc was observed in the EDX spectrum. Biogenic ZnPs exhibited a high inhibitory activity against periimplantitis-triggering pathogens (E. coli and S. aureus). Based on the experimental results, the present study concludes that biogenic ZnPs possess a high inhibitory potential against periimplantitis-triggering bacteria, and it is established that the biosynthesis of ZnPs using APLAE is a useful method

Gene/QTL discovery for Anthracnose in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) from North-western Himalayas

Not AvailableCommon bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is one of the most important grain legume crops in the world. The beans grown in north-western Himalayas possess huge diversity for seed color, shape and size but are mostly susceptible to Anthracnose disease caused by seed born fungus Colletotrichum lindemuthianum. Dozens of QTLs/genes have been already identified for this disease in common bean world-wide. However, this is the first report of gene/QTL discovery for Anthracnose using bean germplasm from north-western Himalayas of state Jammu & Kashmir, India. A core set of 96 bean lines comprising 54 indigenous local landraces from 11 hot-spots and 42 exotic lines from 10 different countries were phenotyped at two locations (SKUAST-Jammu and Bhaderwah, Jammu) for Anthracnose resistance. The core set was also genotyped with genome-wide (91) random and trait linked SSR markers. The study of marker-trait associations (MTAs) led to the identification of 10 QTLs/genes for Anthracnose resistance. Among the 10 QTLs/genes identified, two MTAs are stable (BM45 & BM211), two MTAs (PVctt1 & BM211) are major explaining more than 20% phenotypic variation for Anthracnose and one MTA (BM211) is both stable and major. Six (06) genomic regions are reported for the first time, while as four (04) genomic regions validated the already known QTL/gene regions/clusters for Anthracnose. The major, stable and validated markers reported during the present study associated with Anthracnose resistance will prove useful in common bean molecular breeding programs aimed at enhancing Anthracnose resistance of local bean landraces grown in north-western Himalayas of state Jammu and Kashmir.Not Availabl