Quantificação de Salmonella sp. em fezes suínas por PCR em tempo real.

Salmonellasp. é uma bactéria capaz de colonizar o trato gastro-intestinal dos seres humanos e animais. O suíno é uma importante fonte de infecção, pois elimina a bactéria de forma intermitente nas fezes contaminando o ambiente de criação e abate. Além disso, alguns animais podem excretarquantidades maiores desta bactéria, sendo considerados super-excretores. Desta forma, são necessárias técnicas de quantificação bacteriana para a identificação desses animais. Entre estas técnicas de PCR em tempo real se destaca devido sensibilidade e rapidez nos resultados. O objetivo deste trabalho foi o desenvolvimento de uma curva de quantificação de Salmonella sp. em fezes de suínos. Para tanto, fezes suínas foram contaminadas com inóculo de Salmonella sp. em diluições seriadas e incubadas em água peptonada tamponada por seis horas. Alíquotas de 1 mL foram retiradas para extração do DNA que foi padronizado a 10 ng/μL. A reação de qPCR foi realizada utilizando-se o sistema SYBR Green, com alvo no gene Hill A. A contagem na diluição 10-5 foi 1,1 x 103 UFC/mL seguida de 14,33 x 101UFC/mL e 2,67 x 101UFC/mL para as diluições 10-4e 10-3respectivamente. As médias dos CT obtidos nas 10 repetições variaram de 15,54 a 32,10. Os resultados das contagens foram associados aos respectivos CTe foi possível obter uma curva de quantificação de Salmonellaque poderá ser aplicada a identificação de suínos excretores

Detection of salmonella heidelberg resistant to colistin in the intestinal content of pigs at slaughter.

Abstract : Salmonella Heidelberg has increasingly been reported as cause of human salmonellosis worldwide. In Brazil, S. Heidelberg has been reported in poultry but it is infrequently isolated from pigs. Here, we describe the isolation of S. Heidelberg resistant to colistin from slaughter pigs. Five pigs and their carcasses belonging to a same slaughter batch in ten consecutive days were sampled for fragment of intestine in the ileocecal region and sponges rubbed on the carcass surface (400 cm2 ) before chilling. Salmonella detection was performed according to the ISO 6579:2002. Intestinal content was also subjected to Salmonella enumeration by a miniaturized Most Probable Number (MPN) protocol. Salmonella isolates were characterized by antimicrobial resistance by the disk diffusion test, the minimum inhibitory concentration to colistin determination and to gene mcr-1 investigation by PCR. Salmonella was isolated from the intestinal content of 64% (32/50) of the pigs, in amounts that varied from 2.7 to >1,400 MPN/g. Salmonella Heidelberg was the most frequent serovar identified in the intestinal content samples (20/50; 40%), and this serovar was present in eight of the ten pig batches sampled. At the prechill, Salmonella was isolated from 8% of carcasses, and S. Heidelberg was not detected. Salmonella Heidelberg strains were resistant against ampicillin (n=9), tetracycline (n=8), sulfonamide (n=8) and gentamicin (n=5). Nine multi-drug resistant strains were detected; among them four strains were positive for the gene mcr-1. In these strains the MIC value was 8 µg.mL-1 , while in the strains without the mcr-1 gene it ranged from 2 µg.mL-1 to 4 µg.mL-1 . Therefore, humans in contact with carrier pigs or their environment may be exposed to S. Heidelberg, including strains harboring the gene mcr-1.SafePork 2017

Frequência de isolamento de Salmonella sp. e de enterobactérias em fábricas de ração para suínos.

Projeto/Plano de Ação: 16.00.30.004-00

Antecedents and outcomes of consumer environmentally friendly attitudes and behaviour

With the intensification of problems relating to the environment, a growing number of consumers are becoming more ecologically conscious in their preferences and purchases of goods. This paper presents the results of a study conducted among 500 Cypriot consumers, focusing on the factors that shape consumer environmental attitudes and behaviour, as well as on the resulting outcomes. The findings confirmed that both the inward and outward environmental attitudes of a consumer are positively influenced by his/her degree of collectivism, long-term orientation, political involvement, deontology, and law obedience, but have no connection with liberalism. The adoption of an inward environmental attitude was also found to be conducive to green purchasing behaviour that ultimately leads to high product satisfaction. On the other hand, an outward environmental attitude facilitates the adoption of a general environmental behaviour, which is responsible for greater satisfaction with life. The findings of the study have important implications for shaping effective company offerings to consumers in target markets, as well as formulating appropriate policies at the governmental level to enhance environmental sensitivity among citizens

Flaxseed gum-biopolymers interactions driving rheological behaviour of oropharyngeal dysphagia-oriented products

Viscosity-modified diet through thickeners is used as a strategy to circumvent swallowing problems by oropharyngeal dysphagia patients. Most commercial products present xanthan and starch in their formulations, but flaxseed gum (FG) is a potential thickener for liquid food that provides additional health benefits. FG was mixed either with modified starch (MS) and/or xanthan gum (XG), varying biopolymersâ concentration according to a central composite rotational design in which rheological and colour properties in water were the evaluated responses. All formulations showed a shear time-independent and shear-thinning behaviour, mainly influenced by XG and MS concentrations. In oscillatory measurements, the formulations presented a prevailing elastic character attributed to MS and mainly to XG, which despite the lower concentration in which it was incorporated, exerted a similar influence on this rheological property. However, the increase of FG concentration was the most significant factor influencing viscosity, but also favoured an increase of both viscoelastic moduli mainly G'. Analysis of the microstructure disclosed different network structures as a result of biopolymers interactions, which was related to rheological behaviour giving insights to design new thickeners for dysphagia management. In addition, the amount of glucose released after in vitro digestion was evaluated and compared to a commercial MS-based thickener. Interestingly, the commercial formulation showed a glucose release significantly higher than the proposed FG/MS/XG-based formulations. These results open the opportunity to tailor the rheological characteristics of food systems by adding and combining natural ingredients, improving technological and nutritional properties.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - Brasil (CAPES) (Finance code 001); São Paulo Research Foundation - FAPESP (Process numbers 2016/05448–8; 2011/51707–1; EMU 2009/54137–1; 2007/58017–5; 2006/03263–9; 2004/08517–3) and by the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq - Process 307168/2016–6). Okuro and Santos thanks São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP) (Grant numbers 2018/20308–3 and 2017/18109–0)info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Mapas de complexidade de fragmentos de Cerrado a partir da variabilidade espacial de dados do sensor Thematic Mapper5.

No estudo em questão, o programa CompPlexus tem seu potencial e eficiência explorada no que tange ao efeito de borda e, de forma geral, à dinâmica ecológica de uma área previamente estudada. Assim, o objetivo aqui buscado é o de mapear os fragmentos de Cerrado a partir do cálculo de valores de complexidade dos padrões obtidos de imagem orbital e subsequentemente a aplicação de Geoestatística para interpolação dos dados

Manejo da indução de brotação de macieiras "gala" na região de Vacaria, RS.

A utilização de indutores de brotação é uma prática indispensável no manejo da macieira nas condições climáticas das principais regiões produtoras do Brasil no intuito de minimizar os efeitos do insuficiente acúmulo de frio hibernal sob a capacidade produtiva dos pomares. A cianamida hidrogenada em combinação ao óleo mineral tem sido a principal estratégia para indução da brotação de gemas de macieiras dos grupos Gala e Fuji no Brasil. Além disso, tem sido obtidos resultados positivos no manejo da indução de brotação de gemas pelo uso de bioestimulantes, sobretudo em programas de aplicação sequencial de indutores de brotação. Para tanto, a realização do presente ensaio experimental teve por objetivo avaliar a eficiência de diferentes manejos para a indução de brotação de macieiras ?Gala? cv. Baigent, em Vacaria-RS, no ciclo de cultivo 2020/2021