Study of growth parameters in healthy children 0-24 months in an urban set up

INTRODUCTION: Physical growth is, from conception to maturity, a complex process influenced by environmental, genetic, and nutritional factors. Normal growth is a strong indicator of nutritional sufficiency and overall health of an infant. Since infancy is a period of rapid growth, particularly early infancy, identifying growth failure is important and requires prompt medical attention. AIM OF THE STUDY: 1. To establish standards for height, weight, head circumference and mid arm circumference of children between 0-24 months in urban set up. 2. To compare the growth curves obtained with the standard- WHO Charts. METHODOLOGY: Design: Cross sectional survey. Sample size: After analyzing previous studies and consulting with statistician the sample size for study was detected to be 896. Settings: 1. Well baby clinics and immunization clinics at Institute of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Kasthuri bai Gandhi Hospital and institute of child health and hospital for children. 2. Babies attending cretches. Duration of study: October 2008 to August 2010. Sampling technique: Stratified random sampling. Study population: Healthy babies aged between 0 months to 24 months of both sex. Inclusion criteria: 1. Term baby, 2. Babies with birth weight more than 2500 gm, 3. Those babies with valid birth data. Exclusion criteria: Babies with any chronic illness and those with major congenital Anomalies. CONCLUSION: 1. 50th percentile values for weight, length, head and mid arm circumference were comparatively lower than the WHO standard. 2. Since WHO standard is based on ideal condition of baby growth including breastfeeding as biological norm, this is not the case in developing countries. 3. Use of local standards on regional basis avoids overestimate of under nutrition. 4. Continuous efforts to collect data for growth parameters in a nationwide approach should be made to provide assessment of optimal growth potential. 5. It has been noted during our study that only 15% of babies were exclusively breastfed till 6 months, 50% of babies were predominantly breastfed and 35% of babies were on artificial feeds. 6. About 36% of mothers started weaning by 4 months. 7. The most common food used for weaning was cow’s milk (50%), followed by formula feed (30.5%). 8. The most common mode used for weaning babies is bottle feeds (65.5%) followed by palada (25%). 9. Most of the mothers have completed higher secondary (49.3%) and 16.7% of mothers were graduates

Development of problem based learning training module in nursing education

Background: Problem based learning (PBL) is an innovative way of delivering instruction in which problems are used as the basis of learning. PBL method of teaching enhances the skill of Nursing students and there by improves delivery of patient care. It is a responsibility of Nurse Educators to prepare the Nursing students to face the world of reality. The study, aimed to develop and train the post graduate Nursing faculty on PBL method of teaching.Methods: In Phase I Training module in Problem Based Learning was developed through extensive review of literature, experts’ guidance and from the clinical records. In Phase II using pre-experimental one group pretest posttest design two days training on PBL was implemented.Results: PBL training module was developed and validated in the phase I of the study. Content validity index (CVI) was found to be above 0.88 in all the aspects of the module. PBL workshop conducted was found to be effective in terms of improvement in the mean post-test knowledge score (13.33±1.69) compared to the mean pre-test knowledge score (9.33±4.10) though it was not statistically significant. All three-faculty had satisfactory mean score of above 3 in all the areas.Conclusions: Faculty expressed their satisfaction and gave positive feedback on the effectiveness of PBL module in terms of its content, course delivery and the practical session

Spectroscopic and Microscopic Studies of Archaeological Celadons Recently Excaveted From Alagankulam, Tamilnadu, India

Ceramics are the most common archaeological material used by the historians to draw chronological and cultural characterizations. Among these, porcelains and celadons are recognized as good historical relics. Moreover, the different facets of science, technology and culture are also imprinted in these samples. Hence, the knowledge of microstructures, compositions and technologies used can be helpful in identifying and dating the ancient artifacts. In this paper,  three representative celadon samples found in the course of archaeological excavations at the site Alagankulam, Ramanathapuram District, Tamilnadu, India were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) in order to  achieve their mineralogy and chemical behavior. X-ray diffraction was used to accomplish possible crystalline mineral phases within the clays that composed of samples.  On the other hand, FT-IR studies helped in identifying the different mineral assemblages from the tentative vibrational assignments of absorption bands. Microstructure and one or multi step firings can be inferred from the SEM

Prediction of Success or Failure of Software Projects based on Reusability Metrics using Support Vector Machine

In the field of computer science & engineering and software industry the term reusability means usage of existing software assets or previously developed code in the software development process. The assets of the software are products and by-products of the product development life cycle which includes code, test cases, software designs and code documentation. The process of modifying the existing assets as per the need and specific requirements is called leveraging. But the reusability process creates a new version of the existing assets. So always reusability is preferred rather than leveraging. To identify the quality of the reusability of the software components various software metrics are available. But the framework or model that can predict the reusability of the software assets are needed to be developed. The reusability metrics must be identified during the design or coding phase and that can be used to reduce the rework needed develop a similar software module. This can much improve the productivity due to the probabilistic increase in the reuse level. In this study various software metrics representing the software reusability nature of the software components are collected in relation with a particular software project to form a database. The database is divided in to training and test set and Support Vector Machine is trained using the Radial Basis Function (RBF) to predict whether the software component can be reused or not

A Study on Influence of Personal Profile Variables on Emotional Intelligence Ofarts and Science College Students

Purpose: To assess the level of emotional intelligence among Arts and Science College students as well as the influence of personal profile traits on emotional intelligence in those students.   Theoretical framework:  Variables like Education, Area of residence, Gender, Age, Family monthly income, Father Educational Qualification influence the Emotional Intelligence of the Students   Design/methodology/Approach:   Purposive sampling, T- test, F- Test   Findings: This research has added to the body of knowledge about emotion-related personality differences among arts and science college students studying in various streams, and how they differ in various ways   Research, Practical  &  Social  Implications: Emotional intelligence should be taught through various workshops, Community-wide awareness programmes should be organized   Originality/Value: Establishing Emotional Intelligence-based results across several streams can aid in achieving a better balance between a student's personality and their academic stream of choice. Academic success and professional advancement are made easier with this balance. Emotional intelligence testing may also aid in the development of self-reflection and increased understanding of one's own personality

Total and Edge Domination on Anti Fuzzy Line Graph

In this paper, the total dominating set, edge dominating set and domination number (TDN & EDN) for anti fuzzy line graph is computed by maxima method algorithm (MMA). This calculation is executed using strong adjacency matrix of anti fuzzy graphs and its line graph

Design and Demonstration of Arduino based Low Cost Pulse Oximeter

One of the main reasons for the pushback of the pandemic in India was the awareness that developed in people during the crisis. The adapting mindset of the Indian populace helped turn the tides. The Pulse Oximeter proved to be an important tool that helped in identifying the affected, to get timely healthcare. A very simple information was shared among people that the BPM (heart rate in beats per minute) should be around 60 - 100 (resting) for an average adult and the SpO2, i.e., oxygen saturation must be above 95% for all age  groups. Just this was able to counter an entire wave of the Pandemic with the help of early detections, timely isolations, immediate health care and much more. However, access to this was not available to everyone due to the high prices of these devices. This project aims to build a simple monitor module with an Arduino Nano board which can determine the Blood Oxygen level and Heart rate of a person by using the MAX30102 sensor

Moringa oleifera Lam. leaves prevent Cyclophosphamide-induced micronucleus and DNA damage in mice

Chemoprotective effect of ethanolic extract of Moringa oleifera Lam leaves was evaluated on cyclophosphamide (CP)-induced genotoxicity in the mouse. Animals were pre-treated with the extract for seven consecutive days at doses of 250, 500, 1000 and 2000 mg/kg b.w. Micronucleus in bone marrow and comet (DNA damage) in the liver were performed. Cyclophosphamide was administered intra-peritoneally on day 7 and Mice were sacrificed after 24 hours. In CP treated animals, statistically significant induction of micronuclei in polychromatic erythrocytes (PCE) was recorded. However, in the animals pre-treated with the extract, the percentage of CP-induced MN decreased with increasing concentration of the extract. Results of comet assay showed similar decrease in DNA damage in mice pre-dosed with the extract. These results point out to the presence of chemopreventive phytoconstituents in the crude extract offering protection against CP-induced genotoxicity in the mouse.Keywords: M. oleifera; Anti-genotoxic; Micronucleus assay; Comet assay; Chemoprevention

FSK Demodulator- Case Study of PLL Application

FSK Demodulator, one of the applications of PLL has been implemented using both hardware and software. Results are found to be similar and based on these results it is believed that this will contribute for the improvement in performance and reliability for future communication systems. Hence this will also contribute to the development of higher reliability of the systems

Stacking of Hyperparameter Tuned Models for Tagging Coding Problems

Coding problems are problems that require a solution in the form of a computer program. Coding problems are popular among students and professionals as it enhances their skills and career opportunities. An AI system that would help those who practice coding problems would be highly useful and there is a huge potential for such a system. In this work, we propose a model which uses stacking of hyperparameter tuned boosting models to achieve impressive metric scores of 77.8% accuracy and 0.815 PR-AUC on the dataset that was scraped from Codeforces and Leetcode. We open source the dataset and the models developed for this work.Comment: 8 pages, 2 figure