<span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: Mangal;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB;mso-fareast-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-language: HI" lang="EN-GB">Hairy root cultures of <i>Chonemorpha fragrans</i> (Moon) Alston.: A potential plant for camptothecin production</span>

231-235An efficient transformation system has been developed in Chonemorpha fragrans (Moon) Alston., an important medicinal plant. It has been reported from our laboratory that this rare and endangered liana contains camptothecin (CPT), a well known anticancer drug used in the treatments of various types of cancer after derivatization. In vitro leaf and callus explants were used for infection with three strains of Agrobacterium rhizogenes. Explants infected with A. rhizogenes strain A4 showed root initials with an optimal transformation frequency (up to 45%). The confirmation of transformation was done by PCR using rolB specific primers. This is the first report regarding hairy root induction in the genus Chonemorpha

LDLR Gene Polymorphisms in CAD Patients Among South-Indian Tamil Population

Introduction and aim: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a multifactorial condition caused by the interplay of hereditary and environmental factors. The major objective of this research is to evaluate the Low-density of lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs688 and rs5925 and the lipid profile in coronary artery disease (CAD) and their connection with CAD. Materials and methods: The research included 50 patients with coronary artery disease and 30 healthy controls. To examine the lipid profile parameters, Fasting venous blood was taken. Genomic DNA was isolated, amplified, and identified using an allele-specific polymerized chain reaction for the genetic study of LDLR SNPs. Results: Lipid profile parameters were shown to be substantially (p0.000) linked with coronary artery disease. There was, however, no significant change in the allele and genotype frequencies of the LDLR SNPs rs688 and rs5925 between the case and control groups investigated. Conclusion: The current investigation was unable to detect a significant connection between the LDLR gene SNPs rs688 and rs5925 with CAD

GSTP1 Rs1695 Polymorphism, Oxidative Stress Markers, and Antioxidants in Coronary Artery Disease

Oxidative damage is among the essential factors in the progression of cardiovascular disease. Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the molecular role of GST genotypic polymorphism involved in the development of CAD. This study also aimed to compare the levels of oxidative stress and antioxidant markers in subjects with CAD with age and sex-matched controls. Result: There was no significant difference in allele frequency (p= 0.85) or genotype frequency (p= 0.85) between the examined case and control groups. Compared to healthy controls, F2-Isoprostanes and MDA levels were considerably elevated in individuals with coronary artery disease. CAD patients' GST, SOD, Vitamine E, and Vitamin C levels were considerably lower than in normal control subjects. Conclusion: This study observed that oxidative stress markers were significantly higher, whereas, in CAD patients, enzymatic and nonenzymatic-enzymatic antioxidants were significantly lower. This study could not find a good connection between GSTP1 gene polymorphism rs1695 and coronary artery disease

GSTP1 rs1695 polymorphism, oxidative stress markers, and antioxidants in coronary artery disease

Oxidative damage is among the essential factors in the progression of cardiovascular disease. Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the molecular role of GST genotypic polymorphism involved in the development of CAD. This study also aimed to compare the levels of oxidative stress and antioxidant markers in subjects with CAD with age and sex-matched controls. Result: There was no significant difference in allele frequency (p= 0.85) or genotype frequency (p= 0.85) between the examined case and control groups. Compared to healthy controls, F2-Isoprostanes and MDA levels were considerably elevated in individuals with coronary artery disease. CAD patients' GST, SOD, Vitamine E, and Vitamin C levels were considerably lower than in normal control subjects. Conclusion: This study observed that oxidative stress markers were significantly higher, whereas, in CAD patients, enzymatic and nonenzymatic-enzymatic antioxidants were significantly lower. This study could not find a good connection between GSTP1 gene polymorphism rs1695 and coronary artery disease

LDLR gene polymorphisms in CAD patients among South-Indian Tamil population

Introduction and aim: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a multifactorial condition caused by the interplay of hereditary and environmental factors. The major objective of this research is to evaluate the Low-density of lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs688 and rs5925 and the lipid profile in coronary artery disease (CAD) and their connection with CAD. Materials and methods: The research included 50 patients with coronary artery disease and 30 healthy controls. To examine the lipid profile parameters, fasting venous blood was taken. Genomic DNA was isolated, amplified, and identified using an allele-specific polymerized chain reaction for the genetic study of LDLR SNPs. Results: Lipid profile parameters were shown to be substantially (p0.000) linked with coronary artery disease. There was, however, no significant change in the allele and genotype frequencies of the LDLR SNPs rs688 and rs5925 between the case and control groups investigated. Conclusion: The current investigation was unable to detect a significant connection between the LDLR gene SNPs rs688 and rs5925 with CAD

Laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair in children: A single-centre experience over 7 years

Background: To evaluate 209 consecutive children who underwent laparoscopic hernia repair over a 7-year period. Technical details and clinical results are reported. Materials and Methods: A total of 284 open internal rings were closed laparoscopically in 209 children (142 boys and 67 girls, aged 30 days to 15 years, mean 44 months). One 5-mm and two 3-mm instruments were used to access the peritoneal cavity. A 270° anterolateral peritoneal incision was made. The internal inguinal ring was closed with a nonabsorbable suture. Results: There were no significant intraoperative complications. Length of procedure ranged between 15 and 65 minutes with a mean of 30 minutes. Postoperative hospital stay ranged from 1 to 9 days. Thirty children who presented with a right-sided hernia and 23 with a left hernia (total of 53) were found to have a patent contralateral internal ring on laparoscopy. Mean follow-up was 30 months. There were 2.4% hernia recurrences and cosmesis was excellent. Conclusions: Laparoscopic hernia repair in children can be a routine procedure with increasing experience and better learning curve of surgeons. There is clear visualization of structures and vas remains untouched. The recurrence rate is comparable to that of the traditional open approach with a superior cosmetic result.Key words: Children, inguinal hernia, laparoscopy, recurrenc

Intravesical pressure: A new prognostic indicator in congenital diaphragmatic hernia

Aims: To evaluate the usefulness of intravesical pressure as a prognostic indicator in congenital diaphragmatic hernia. Material and Methods: In 25 cases, bladder pressure was measured intraoperatively during repair. Results: Cases were divided into three groups according to the intravesical pressure. Group 1: pressure <10 cm (n.9), Group 2: 10-15 cm (n.11) and Group 3: >15 cm (n.5). Number of ventilated days was tabulated against these groups. Median number of ventilated days for Group 1, with the lowest pressure, was 3 days, while that for Group 2 was 5 and for Group 3, with the highest pressure, was 10 days. This was significant, with a P-value of 0.016. Conclusion: Measurement of intravesical pressure is a reliable prognostic indicator in newborns with congenital diaphragmatic hernia. It also helps in predicting postoperative ventilatory requirement