The Hungarian urban network in the beginning of the 20th century

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Amfipatikus molekulák agregációjának vizsgálata = Investigation of the aggregation properties of amphiphilic molecules

Munkánk során vizsgáltuk amfipatikus molekulák aggregátumait folyadék-gőz határfelületeken, lipid membránokban, illetve micellákban, fluid-fluid (folyadék-folyadék és folyadék-gőz) határfelületek tulajdonságait, illetve kis molekulák (pl. metanol, aceton, hangyasav) adszorpcióját fluid-fluid és szilárd-gőz határfelületeken. Vizsgálatainkat a perkolációszámításra vonatkozó metodológiai fejlesztések tették teljessé. Eredményeinkből 33, nemzetközi folyóiratban a projekt számának feltüntetésével közölt publikáció született. | In the project we have investigated aggregates of amphiphilic molecules at liquid/gas interfaces, in lipid membranes and in micelles, studied the properties of fluid/fluid (i.e., liquid/liquid and liquid/gas) interfaces, and the adsorption of various small molecules (e.g., methanol, acetone, formic acid) at fluid/fluid and solid/gas interfaces. Our investigations have been completed by methodological developments concerning percolation analysis. The results of these investigations have been published in 33 scientific papers in international journals by indicating the reference number of the project

Androgenesis induction in microspore culture of sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)

Isolated microspore culture experiments were carried out in sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) F1 hybrid genotypes. In the first experiment, four culture media (W14, B5, MS and NLN) were compared to test their effectiveness in inducing the formation of microsporederived structures in two genotypes. The experiments revealed the superiority of B5 medium. In the second experiment, the effects of different ratios of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) (0, 0.1, 0.2 and 0.5 mg l-1) and kinetin (0, 0.2 and 0.5 mg l-1) were also investigated in B5 medium with two genotypes. The effect of growth regulators were investigated on the production of microsporederived calli and embryo-like structures (ELSs), the ratio of the two and plant regeneration (number of regenerated plantlets) in microspore culture. The histological experiments revealed the differences between the microsporederived ELSs and calli. The most promising results were obtained on the investigated parameters in the presence of 0.1 mg l-1 2,4-D and 0.2 mg l-1 kinetin producing the highest number of plantlets in both genotypes tested. In the response of 11 genotypes, the androgenesis induction was successful in each sweet pepper genotypes tested using the best basic medium and growth regulators combination. In case of 11 genotypes, the number of ELSs ranged from 20 to 100/Petri dish (an average of 48.1 ELS/Petri dish), while the number of green plantlets varied from 0 to 8 plantlets/Petri dish (an average of 1.5 plantlets/Petri dish) depending on the genotype. The spontaneous rediploidization rate obtained was 25% in isolated microspore

Robust Reinforcement Learning-based Autonomous Driving Agent for Simulation and Real World

Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) has been successfully used to solve different challenges, e.g. complex board and computer games, recently. However, solving real-world robotics tasks with DRL seems to be a more difficult challenge. The desired approach would be to train the agent in a simulator and transfer it to the real world. Still, models trained in a simulator tend to perform poorly in real-world environments due to the differences. In this paper, we present a DRL-based algorithm that is capable of performing autonomous robot control using Deep Q-Networks (DQN). In our approach, the agent is trained in a simulated environment and it is able to navigate both in a simulated and real-world environment. The method is evaluated in the Duckietown environment, where the agent has to follow the lane based on a monocular camera input. The trained agent is able to run on limited hardware resources and its performance is comparable to state-of-the-art approaches.Comment: \c{opyright} 2020 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other work

Connection between oxygen uptake rate and carbon dioxide evolution rate in aerobic thermophilic sludge digestion

The main aim of studying the relation of carbon dioxide evolution rate CER to oxygen uptake rate (OUR) is the possible application of CER in mathematical modelling of aerobic biodegradation processes instead of OUR. Biodegradation tests using glucose and sewage sludge as feed were performed to compare the OUR and CER. The respiratory quotient (RQ) was 0.9 mol CO2 × mol O2-1 in endogenous stage while its value was increased to 1.2 mol CO2 × mol O2-1 during glucose degradation. At higher F/M ratios and high respiration rates RQ values up to 2.95 were observed which may indicate the appearance of anaerobic degradation pathways. These results prove that there is no direct, simple relation between OUR and CER in case of sewage sludge degradation so direct substitution of OUR with CER in modelling studies is not feasible

Somogy szántóföldi gyomvegetációja

This paper describes the weed communities of Somogy region based on 159 phytosociological records. The following units have been distinguished: Camelino microcarpae-Anthemidetum austriacae, Aphano arvensis-Matricarietum chamomillae and Spergulo arvensis-Anthemidetum ruthenicae as summerassociations, Stachyo annuae-Setarietum pumilae, Echinochloo-Setarietum pumilae, Digitario-Setarietum pumilae and Trifolium arvense-Ambrosia artemisiifolia-commumty as autumn-association