ACADEMICIANS' VIEWS ON DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION IN EDUCATION

It is seen that changing information and communication technologies affect and even transform things in almost every area of the digital age that we have in conjunction with Industry 4.0 and globalization. These rapid changes and transformations in the world affect education both as a structure and as learning environments. One of these values has been the digital transformation. As the increasing use of technology in every day and learning environments, now most of the students are born to a digital world. In this context, this study was designed with a phenomenological research design as the qualitative approach in order to determine academics' views on digital transformation in education in terms of program and management processes. The working group consists of 20 faculty members working at 9 different universities in the Department of Educational Sciences. The data were collected with a semi-structured interview form. Results reveal that in the digital transformation process, managers must first create a vision to generate and managed accordingly for an effective learning environment. According to another result, it is possible that school shareholders are involved in this transformation process by letting them access the place and time by supporting content and infrastructure which is technologically appropriate. It is recommended that educational administrators and program specialists be ready for this transformation and have the qualities to manage this transformation.

Effects of Cannabinoids on Ligand-gated Ion Channels

Phytocannabinoids such as Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol and cannabidiol, endocannabinoids such as N-arachidonoylethanolamine (anandamide) and 2-arachidonoylglycerol, and synthetic cannabinoids such as CP47,497 and JWH-018 constitute major groups of structurally diverse cannabinoids. Along with these cannabinoids, CB1 and CB2 cannabinoid receptors and enzymes involved in synthesis and degradation of endocannabinoids comprise the major components of the cannabinoid system. Although, cannabinoid receptors are known to be involved in anti-convulsant, anti-nociceptive, anti-psychotic, anti-emetic, and anti-oxidant effects of cannabinoids, in recent years, an increasing number of studies suggest that, at pharmacologically relevant concentrations, these compounds interact with several molecular targets including G-protein coupled receptors, ion channels, and enzymes in a cannabinoid-receptor independent manner. In this report, the direct actions of endo-, phyto-, and synthetic cannabinoids on the functional properties of ligand-gated ion channels and the plausible mechanisms mediating these effects were reviewed and discussed

Olfactory Neuroblastomas: An Experience of 24 Years

Objective. The aim of this study was to evaluate clinicopathological findings and the efficacy of the treatment modalities used in patients with olfactory neuroblastomas. Study Design. Retrospective record review. Setting. Istanbul University, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, medical oncology outpatient clinic. Subjects and Methods. There were 3 stage A tumors, 5 stage B and 11 stage C according to the Kadish staging system. There were 5 grade I/II and 12 grade III/IV according to the Hyams' histopathologic system. Involvement to orbita was detected in eight patients at the time of diagnosis. Results. The median follow-up period was 23.7 months. The 5-year survival rate for the whole group was 26%. The stage A/B groups exhibited a better survival rate than the C group with 2-year survival rates being 25 versus 71% respectively (P = .008). The grade I/II groups exhibited a better survival rate than the grade III/IV groups with 2-year survival rates being 50 versus 16% respectively (P = .001). The group who had orbital involvement exhibited a poor survival rate than the group of patients who had no involvement of the orbital. Conclusion. In our study, tumor stage, histopathologic grading, involvement of the orbita, brain and bone marow metastases were the statistically significant prognostic factors

An efficient quantum partial differential equation solver with chebyshev points

Abstract Differential equations are the foundation of mathematical models representing the universe’s physics. Hence, it is significant to solve partial and ordinary differential equations, such as Navier–Stokes, heat transfer, convection–diffusion, and wave equations, to model, calculate and simulate the underlying complex physical processes. However, it is challenging to solve coupled nonlinear high dimensional partial differential equations in classical computers because of the vast amount of required resources and time. Quantum computation is one of the most promising methods that enable simulations of more complex problems. One solver developed for quantum computers is the quantum partial differential equation (PDE) solver, which uses the quantum amplitude estimation algorithm (QAEA). This paper proposes an efficient implementation of the QAEA by utilizing Chebyshev points for numerical integration to design robust quantum PDE solvers. A generic ordinary differential equation, a heat equation, and a convection–diffusion equation are solved. The solutions are compared with the available data to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach. We show that the proposed implementation provides a two-order accuracy increase with a significant reduction in solution time

Histopathological Changes of Neoadjuvant Chemoradiation and Relation with the Pre-Treatment Tumor Stage in Rectal Carcinoma

Objective: Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy has considered one of the standard treatment modalities for locally advanced rectal cancers. Chemoradiotherapy has a variety of different effects and responses on tumor, tumor bed and peritumoral tissues. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the stromal responses in tumor bed between the different treatment modalities and different clinical T stages. Methods: Fifty-seven consecutive patients with median age of 62.4 years were treated for rectal adenocarcinoma between January 2005 and July 2012 in Uludag University Medical Faculty. Twenty-three of the patients were treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy and following surgery, 34 patients treated with surgery only. Results: When we compared the stromal responses in the tumor bed between the two different treatment modalities, the amount of fibrosis and intensity of inflammatory cell infiltration were found considerably marked. The existence of calcification, hemosiderin-laden macrophages and mucin lakes were found also significant marked. There was no difference found in between the patients with different clinical stages which were received neoadjuvant CRT. Conclusion: The stromal response in the tumor bed increases with the neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy but the excess of the response doesn't have any relation with the clinical T stage