Tissue biochemical diversity of 20 gooseberry cultivars and the effect of ethylene supplementation on postharvest life

The European gooseberry (Ribes uva-crispa) is still an understudied crop with limited data available on its biochemical profile and postharvest life. A variety of polyphenols were detected in the skin and flesh of 20 gooseberry cvs, representing mainly flavonol glycosides, anthocyanins and flavan-3-ols. In contrast, gooseberry seeds were for the first time characterised by the presence of considerable amounts of hydroxycinnamic acid glycosides tentatively identified by UPLC-QToF/MS. All cvs examined represented a good source of vitamin C while being low in sugar. Furthermore, the postharvest stability of bioactives was explored by supplementation of exogenous ethylene in air at 5 °C. Results suggest a low sensitivity of gooseberries to ethylene. The overall quality of gooseberries remained stable over two weeks, showing potential for extended bioactive life

Pectic homogalacturonan masks abundant sets of xyloglucan epitopes in plant cell walls

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Molecular probes are required to detect cell wall polymers <it>in-situ </it>to aid understanding of their cell biology and several studies have shown that cell wall epitopes have restricted occurrences across sections of plant organs indicating that cell wall structure is highly developmentally regulated. Xyloglucan is the major hemicellulose or cross-linking glycan of the primary cell walls of dicotyledons although little is known of its occurrence or functions in relation to cell development and cell wall microstructure.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Using a neoglycoprotein approach, in which a XXXG heptasaccharide of tamarind seed xyloglucan was coupled to BSA to produce an immunogen, we have generated a rat monoclonal antibody (designated LM15) to the XXXG structural motif of xyloglucans. The specificity of LM15 has been confirmed by the analysis of LM15 binding using glycan microarrays and oligosaccharide hapten inhibition of binding studies. The use of LM15 for the analysis of xyloglucan in the cell walls of tamarind and nasturtium seeds, in which xyloglucan occurs as a storage polysaccharide, indicated that the LM15 xyloglucan epitope occurs throughout the thickened cell walls of the tamarind seed and in the outer regions, adjacent to middle lamellae, of the thickened cell walls of the nasturtium seed. Immunofluorescence analysis of LM15 binding to sections of tobacco and pea stem internodes indicated that the xyloglucan epitope was restricted to a few cell types in these organs. Enzymatic removal of pectic homogalacturonan from equivalent sections resulted in the abundant detection of distinct patterns of the LM15 xyloglucan epitope across these organs and a diversity of occurrences in relation to the cell wall microstructure of a range of cell types.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>These observations support ideas that xyloglucan is associated with pectin in plant cell walls. They also indicate that documented patterns of cell wall epitopes in relation to cell development and cell differentiation may need to be re-considered in relation to the potential masking of cell wall epitopes by other cell wall components.</p

Gene Functional Networks from Time Expression Profiles: A Constructive Approach Demonstrated in Chili Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)

Gene co-expression networks are powerful tools to understand functional interactions between genes. However, large co-expression networks are difficult to interpret and do not guarantee that the relations found will be true for different genotypes. Statistically verified time expression profiles give information about significant changes in expressions through time, and genes with highly correlated time expression profiles, which are annotated in the same biological process, are likely to be functionally connected. A method to obtain robust networks of functionally related genes will be useful to understand the complexity of the transcriptome, leading to biologically relevant insights. We present an algorithm to construct gene functional networks for genes annotated in a given biological process or other aspects of interest. We assume that there are genome-wide time expression profiles for a set of representative genotypes of the species of interest. The method is based on the correlation of time expression profiles, bound by a set of thresholds that assure both, a given false discovery rate, and the discard of correlation outliers. The novelty of the method consists in that a gene expression relation must be repeatedly found in a given set of independent genotypes to be considered valid. This automatically discards relations particular to specific genotypes, assuring a network robustness, which can be set a priori. Additionally, we present an algorithm to find transcription factors candidates for regulating hub genes within a network. The algorithms are demonstrated with data from a large experiment studying gene expression during the development of the fruit in a diverse set of chili pepper genotypes. The algorithm is implemented and demonstrated in a new version of the publicly available R package “Salsa” (version 1.0).Publishe

Bienvenida y Sesión Plenaria

Palabras de bienvenida a la Reunión CUDI otoño 2013 a cargo de Carlos Casasús López Hermosa Director General de CUDI. Exposición de la situación actual de CUDI, la importancia de la RNIE para la UACAM y las oportunidades de Colaboración para las IES de la Región Sur-Sureste utilizando la Red Nacional de Investigación y Educación,Bienvenida a la reunión CUDI otoño 2013 y presentación de conferencias magistrales supervisadas por la Coordinación de la Sociedad de la Información y el Conocimiento de la SCT .13_10_02_bienvenidasesiónplenaria.fl

Pectic homogalacturonan masks abundant sets of xyloglucan epitopes in plant cell walls-11

Absorbance units. The result shown is representative of at least three separate experiments. LM15 was used at a 100-fold dilution and hapten oligosaccharides tested at five-fold dilutions from 1 mg/ml.<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Pectic homogalacturonan masks abundant sets of xyloglucan epitopes in plant cell walls"</p><p>http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2229/8/60</p><p>BMC Plant Biology 2008;8():60-60.</p><p>Published online 22 May 2008</p><p>PMCID:PMC2409341.</p><p></p

Pectic homogalacturonan masks abundant sets of xyloglucan epitopes in plant cell walls-3

Tained with Calcofluor White showing extent of cell walls. c. LM15 binding to cell walls of nasturtium cotyledon parenchyma cells. d. Micrograph c combined with Calcofluor White fluorescence. e. CCRCM1 binding to cell walls of nasturtium cotyledon parenchyma cells. f. Micrograph e combined with Calcofluor White fluorescence. Arrowheads in a and b indicate inner cell wall. Arrowheads in c and d indicate inner edge of abundant LM15 immunolabelling. Arrowheads in e and f indicate inner cell wall and region of CCRCM1 immunolabelling. Scale = 20 μm.<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Pectic homogalacturonan masks abundant sets of xyloglucan epitopes in plant cell walls"</p><p>http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2229/8/60</p><p>BMC Plant Biology 2008;8():60-60.</p><p>Published online 22 May 2008</p><p>PMCID:PMC2409341.</p><p></p

Pectic homogalacturonan masks abundant sets of xyloglucan epitopes in plant cell walls-10

Itrocellulose sheets and the relative binding of LM15 determined using an enzyme-linked secondary antibody detection system. Binding intensities were quantified and the horizontal scale indicates relative binding. The result shown is representative of at least three separate glycan profiling assays.<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Pectic homogalacturonan masks abundant sets of xyloglucan epitopes in plant cell walls"</p><p>http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2229/8/60</p><p>BMC Plant Biology 2008;8():60-60.</p><p>Published online 22 May 2008</p><p>PMCID:PMC2409341.</p><p></p

Pectic homogalacturonan masks abundant sets of xyloglucan epitopes in plant cell walls-5

Valent section to a. The antibody binds most strongly to a region of protoxylem but also certain cells in the phloem region. c. JIM5 binding to an equivalent section shows binding to protoxylem and cambial cells. d. LM15 binding to an equivalent section pre-treated with pectate lyase shows the epitope detected abundantly in the phloem/cambial regions and cortical parenchyma. Arrowheads indicate cells in the phloem regions without thickened cell walls in which the LM15 epitope is detected without pre-treatment. Double arrowheads indicate cells with thickened cell walls/LM15 epitope in the phloem region. Sets of arrows indicate the punctuate presence of LM15 and JIM5 epitopes in xylem vessel cell walls. Asterisk indicates distal extent of the protoxylem. cp = cortical parenchyma, p = phloem region, pf = phloem fibre bundle, x = xylem vessel, if = interfascicular fibres. Scale = 10 μm.<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Pectic homogalacturonan masks abundant sets of xyloglucan epitopes in plant cell walls"</p><p>http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2229/8/60</p><p>BMC Plant Biology 2008;8():60-60.</p><p>Published online 22 May 2008</p><p>PMCID:PMC2409341.</p><p></p

Pectic homogalacturonan masks abundant sets of xyloglucan epitopes in plant cell walls-1

Nitrocellulose sheets and the relative binding of LM15 determined using an enzyme-linked secondary antibody detection system. Binding intensities were quantified and the horizontal scale indicates relative binding. The result shown is representative of at least three separate glycan profiling assays.<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Pectic homogalacturonan masks abundant sets of xyloglucan epitopes in plant cell walls"</p><p>http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2229/8/60</p><p>BMC Plant Biology 2008;8():60-60.</p><p>Published online 22 May 2008</p><p>PMCID:PMC2409341.</p><p></p