İş güvencesi endeksi ve iş güvencesi memnuniyeti ölçeği: güvenirlik ve geçerlik analizi

İş güvencesi konusu şirketlerin yeniden yapılanma çabalarının yoğunlaştığı, çalışma süreçlerinde ve iş gücü piyasasında önemli değişikliklerin gerçekleştiği son yirmi yıl boyunca artan bir ilgi görmüştür. Bu dönemde araştırmacılar iş güvencesi kavramının geliştirilmesi ve bu kavramın ölçülmesi için gerekli araçların yaratılması üzerinde yoğunlaşmıştır. Bu çalışmada Probst’un (1998) geliştirdiği iki ölçeğin (İş Güvencesi Endeksi ve İş Güvencesi Memnuniyeti ölçeği) güvenirlik ve geçerlik analizi sunulmaktadır. Çalışmanın bulguları bu ölçeklerin Türkçe’de güvenirlik ve geçerliklerini desteklemektedir. Özellikle yakın dönemdeki mali kriz nedeniyle işten çıkarmaların yoğunlaştığı Türkiye’de iş güvencesi çalışmaları önem kazanmıştır. Geçerlik ve güvenirliğe sahip olduğu gösterilen, kısa ve anlaşılır olan İş Güvencesi Endeksi ve İş Güvencesi Memnuniyeti ölçeği bu çalışmalara katkıda bulunabilecektir

Kültürlerarası çalışmalarda yöntem: örgütsel bağlılık yazınından dersler

Bu makalede 1991-2001 yılları arasında yayınlanmış görgül kültürlerarası örgütsel bağlılık çalışmalarındaki yöntemsel uygulamalar niteliksel olarak derinlemesine değerlendirilmektedir. Özellikle, kültürel açıklamaların geçerliliğini tehdit eden örnekleme, araçlama ve veri toplamaya ilişkin hususlar incelenmektedir. İnceleme, Sosyal Bilimler Atıf Endeksi’nde (Social Sciences Citation Index, SSCI) sosyal psikoloji, uygulamalı psikoloji, yönetim ve çalışma ilişkileri başlıkları altında listelenen İngilizce dergilerde tespit edilen altı makale ile yapılmıştır. Bulgular, değerlendirmeye tabi tutulan araştırmaların kültürel kuramları önsel olarak temel almakla beraber Kuzey Amerika kökenli kuramların evrenselliğini sınayan çalışmalar olduğunu göstermektedir. Ayrıca, zamanla bir miktar iyileşme görülmekle birlikte, çalışmaların örnekleme, araçlama ve veri toplama uygulamaları açısından eksikliklerinin olduğu görülmüştür

Assessment of Liquefaction-Induced Foundation Soil Deformations

Although there exist some consensus regarding seismic soil liquefaction triggering assessment of free field soil sites, estimating the liquefaction triggering potential beneath building foundations still stays as a controversial and a difficult issue. Assessing liquefaction triggering potential under building foundations requires the estimation of cyclic and static stress state of the soil medium. In the recent studies (e.g. Unutmaz 2008), the cyclic stress ratio corrected for Kα and Kσ effects under and adjacent to building foundations subjected to cyclic loading are to be estimated with the help of a series of 2-D and 3-D numerical simulations for different generic cases. A representative and a maximum cyclic stress ratio terms of the soil-structure-earthquake interaction system, denoted as CSRSSEI,rep and CSRSSEI,max respectively was defined as a function of i) ratio of the pre-earthquake fundamental period of the structure and soil (σ), ii) free field spectral acceleration at the fixed-base period of the structure(SA), iii) the peak ground acceleration of the free field soil sites (PGA), and iv) aspect ratio of the structure (h/B). In this paper, the results of the previously mentioned numerical findings have been verified by using case histories documented after 1999 Kocaeli Earthquake, where significant foundation displacements were observed due to liquefaction of the underlying foundation soils. The foundation soil profiles of these case histories generally consist of silty soils, sand-silt mixtures and silt-clay mixtures. Overburden and procedure corrected SPT-N values vary in the range of 2 to 5 blows/30 cm in the upper 5 meters and gradually increases up to a maximum value of 25 blows/30 cm beyond depths of 5 to 8 m’s. Overlying structures are mainly 3 to 4 storey, residential buildings with no basements. As the concluding remark, the proposed simplified procedures are shown to predict cyclically-induced foundation settlements accurately within an accuracy factor of two (i.e.: predictions fall within 1:2 and 2:1 limits of the measured settlements)

Political opportunity, organizational infrastructure and organizational founding: trade unions in İstanbul and Ankara, 1947-1980

Previous ecological research pointed to the ways political influences and population dynamics may interact to shape organizational survival. This body of research, however, primarily concentrated on how political processes shape the population dynamics, especially competitive and (de)legitimating relations between organizational forms. Though some of the ways in which population level processes moderate political processes have been recognized, these ideas have remained untested. This study is an attempt to extend research on political influences and population dynamics by examining whether organizational infrastructure, construed as a density dependent subpopulation level process, moderates the impact of particular changes in the political environment, namely changes in the legal framework and political turmoil, on the rate of organizational founding. The analyses were carried out using event history methods and data on all unions that were founded in İstanbul and Ankara, two major centers of unionism in Turkey, during the 1947-1980 period. The local character of most unions founded in İstanbul and Ankara during the period and regulation that stipulated industry-based organization allowed for investigating the infrastructural process, and its interaction with political opportunity, by using ecological (density dependence) models. Findings revealed that union founding rate was significantly shaped by alterations in political opportunity generated by changes in the legal framework and political turmoil and strength of organizational infrastructure. Moreover, interaction between political opportunity and organizational infrastructure was found to be significant. Findings showed that organizational infrastructure moderated the influence of enhancement in political opportunity due to change in the legal framework

Europeanization and the settlement of ethno-territorial cross-border conflicts: the case of the Western Balkans

The fundamental objective of this dissertation is to explore whether and how "Europeanization" is an effective Conflict Resolution mechanism to produce sustainable solutions to cross-border ethno-nationalist conflicts at the periphery of the European Union, namely the Western Balkans. Accepting "Europeanization" as "an analytical concept used to examine the changes in domestic structures and policies that occur in response to policies and practices institutionalized at the European level" three levels of analysis will be explored: (a) the protection of minorities in the domestic legislative level, and (b) the resolution of inter-ethnic conflicts as a result of this democratization; and (c) whether this "Europeanization" at domestic level, namely adopting the norms of minority protection in the domestic level fosters a cooperation between the host-state and the neighbouring kin state as the neo-functional theories on European integration proposed. In other words, would "internal Europeanization" foster "external Europeanization" in the Western Balkans? In order to assess the impact of "Europeanization" and evaluate the efficiency of these policies on the resolution of ethno-territorial cross-border conflicts which lie at the core of the antagonisms in this region of Western Balkans, three cases will be analysed all of which are centered on the question of "external minority", that is "an ethnic group that, while residing in one state (the host-state) is related through shared cultural, religious or linguistic characteristics, which it wishes to preserve, and through kinship to the titular nation of another, often neighbouring state (the kin-state). These are the Albanian question in Western Macedonia; the Serbian question in Eastern Slavonia, Croatia; and the Hungarian Question in Vojvodina, Serbia and Montenegro

Synthesis of Novel 6-(4-Substituted piperazine-1-yl)-9(b-D-ribofuranosyl) purine Derivatives, Which Lead to Senescence-Induced Cell Death in liver Cancer Cells

Cataloged from PDF version of article.Novel purine ribonucleoside analogues (9-13) containing a 4-substituted piperazine in the substituent at N-6 were synthesized and evaluated for their cytotoxicity on Huh7, HepG2, FOCUS, Mahlavu liver, MCF7 breast, and HCT116 colon carcinoma cell lines. The purine nucleoside analogues were analyzed initially by an anticancer drug-screening method based on a sulforhodamine B assay. Two nucleoside derivatives with promising cytotoxic activities (11 and 12) were further analyzed on the hepatoma cells. The N-6-(4-Trifluoromethylphenyl)piperazine analogue 11 displayed the best antitumor activity, with IC50 values between 5.2 and 9.2 mu M. Similar to previously described nucleoside analogues, compound 11 also interferes with cellular ATP reserves, possibly through influencing cellular kinase activities. Furthermore, the novel nucleoside analogue 11 was shown to induce senescence-associated cell death, as demonstrated by the SA beta-gal assay. The senescence-dependent cytotoxic effect of 11 was also confirmed through phosphorylation of the Rb protein by p15(INK4b) overexpression in the presence of this compound

Standard Penetration Test-Based Probabilistic and Deterministic Assessment of Seismic Soil Liquefaction Potential

This paper presents new correlations for assessment of the likelihood of initiation (or “triggering”) of soil liquefaction. These new correlations eliminate several sources of bias intrinsic to previous, similar correlations, and provide greatly reduced overall uncertainty and variance. Key elements in the development of these new correlations are (1) accumulation of a significantly expanded database of field performance case histories; (2) use of improved knowledge and understanding of factors affecting interpretation of standard penetration test data; (3) incorporation of improved understanding of factors affecting site-specific earthquake ground motions (including directivity effects, site-specific response, etc.); (4) use of improved methods for assessment of in situ cyclic shear stress ratio; (5) screening of field data case histories on a quality/uncertainty basis; and (6) use of high-order probabilistic tools (Bayesian updating). The resulting relationships not only provide greatly reduced uncertainty, they also help to resolve a number of corollary issues that have long been difficult and controversial including: (1) magnitude-correlated duration weighting factors, (2) adjustments for fines content, and (3) corrections for overburden stress