Haloalkalitolerant Actinobacteria with capacity for anthracene degradation isolated from soils close to areas with oil activity in the State of Veracruz, Mexico

The use of native strains of microorganisms from soils is an excellent option for bioremediation. To our knowledge, until now there has been no other group working on the isolation of Actinobacteria from contaminated soils in Mexico. In this study, samples of soils close to areas with oil activity in the State of Veracruz, Mexico, were inoculated for the isolation of Actinobacteria. The strains isolated were characterized morphologically, and the concentrations of NaCl and pH were determined for optimal growth. Strain selection was performed by the detection of a phylogenetic marker for Actinobacteria located at the 23S rRNA gene, followed by species identification by sequencing the 16S rRNA gene. Several haloalkalitolerant Actinobacteria were isolated and identified as: Kocuria rosea, K. palustris, Microbacterium testaceum, Nocardia farcinica and Cellulomonas denverensis. Except for C. denverensis, the biomass of all strains increased in the presence of anthracene. The strains capacity to metabolize anthracene (at 48 h), determined by fluorescence emission, was in the range of 46–54%. During this time, dihydroxy aromatic compounds formed, characterized by attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy bands of 1205 cm–1 and 1217 cm–1. Those Actinobacteria are potentially useful for the bioremediation of saline and alkaline environments contaminated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon compounds. [Int Microbiol 2016; 19(1):15-26]Keywords: Kocuria · Microbacterium · haloalkalitolerant Actinobacteria · anthracene degradation · State of Veracruz, Mexic

Examen de Arquitectura de computadores : 1er PARCIAL 02/04/2019

Resolve

Examen de Arquitectura de computadores : 1er PARCIAL 02/04/2019

Resolve

Modelling and statistical analysis of spatial-temporal rainfall fields

SIGLEAvailable from British Library Document Supply Centre-DSC:DX211714 / BLDSC - British Library Document Supply CentreGBUnited Kingdo

On reducing misspeculations on a pipelined scheduler

Pipelining the scheduling logic, which exposes and exploits the instruction level parallelism, degrades processor performance. In a 4-issue processor, our evaluations show that pipelining the scheduling logic over two cycles degrades performance by 10% in SPEC-2000 integer benchmarks. Such a performance degradation is due to sacrificing the ability to execute dependent instructions in consecutive cycles. Speculative selection is a previously proposed technique that boosts the performance of a processor with a pipelined scheduling logic. However, this new speculation source increases the overall number of misspeculated instructions, and this unuseful work wastes energy. In this work we introduce a non-speculative mechanism named Dependence Level Scheduler (DLS)which not only tolerates the scheduling-logic latency but also reduces the number of misspeculated instructions with respect to a scheduler with speculative selection. In DLS, the selection of a group of one-cycle instructions (producer-level) is overlapped with the wake up in advance of its group of dependent instructions. DLS is not speculative because the group of woken in advance instructions will compete for selection only after issuing all producer-level instructions. On average, DLS reduces the number of misspeculated instructions with respect to a speculative scheduler by 17.9%. From the IPC point of view, the speculative scheduler outperforms DLS by 0.3%. Moreover, we propose two non-speculative improvements to DLS.Peer Reviewe