Prospect of Maximising Palm Kernel Cake Utilization for Livestock and Poultry in Malaysia: A Review

The main activity carried out by researchers all over the world is to complement existing idea with a more newer approach, capable to foster a sustainable development without compromising the generation ahead. Palm oil with its scientific name known as Eleis guineensis is one of the oil plant of commercial importance in Malaysia and some other tropical environments. The oil from this precious plant has always conferred many purposes to human life among which are soap making, nutritional benefit, biodiesel, soil fertilization and charcoal. Palm kernel cake as one of the left over product after oil extraction is available abundantly in Malaysia and the co-countries thereby contributing as alternative feed source to lower the cost of energy in animal nutrition.  However, the ability of poultry animals to digest PKC is very limited. This article is therefore mean to describe palm oil plant and reviews the importance of PKC as source of feed ingredients and some of the factors limiting its inclusion level into poultry ration. It equally addresses earlier studies carried out on PKC and suggests possible solutions to improve more on its inclusion rate in livestock and poultry diet. Keywords: Palm kernel cake, Livestock, poultry, Malaysi

Spatio-Temporal Analysis of Noise in Selected Areas of Oyo Township

Noise is an important environmental problem in major cities of tropical African countries with Nigeria not exempted. The study adopted a quantitative measurement of noise at selected sites having heterogeneous spatial characteristics. The data collected were analyzed using totals, means, t-test and a two-way ANOVA. The study showed that noise is a feedback mechanism stemming from myriads of urbanization and industrialization processes, poor urban planning, social functions, vehicular activities (hooting), household activities, hawking and other commercial activities of the recent times. The study also showed that noise level is functionally related to temporal and spatial characteristics of places. All these have resulted in vulnerability and exposure of the cities dwellers to noise related health impairment despite the presence of some health care centres. The immediate responses known to have followed excessive noise in these areas are hearing loss, sleeping disorder, annoyance, communication impairment, health related problems like cardiovascular diseases, temporary or permanent deafness and the likes. It is hereby recommended that adequate and timely environmental education be organized for people to have a change of attitude towards noise level reduction in particular and environmental pollution in general

Developing Flood Resilient Buildings in Nigeria: A Guide

Acknowledgements We acknowledge the support of the UI Ibadan TETFUND IBR 2016 Research Project Fund. Abstract Recently, the damage caused by flood in Nigeria has become unbearable leading to series of economic losses. Several post flood measures taken has proved to be inadequate because they are temporary. Hence, the needful is the flood risk management. Managing the risk of flood can be achieved by enhancing the resilient of the buildings in Nigeria. This requires a pragmatic approach from the concerned stakeholders. In this paper, we observed and discussed some of the drawbacks in Nigeria buildings leading to its vulnerability to flood. Also, guide was developed for government and stakeholders to achieve the incorporation of resilience in Nigeria building and its environment. Expected resilience was proposed and a flowchart to assist the prospective builders was developed. This will assist in developing the necessary blueprint towards achieving this goal. Necessary suggestions made will aid in the actualization of a resilient buildings within Nigeria. Keywords: Flood, resilience, Nigeria, flood risk management, buildin

Relevance of Energy Storage Technology in the Development of Solar Power

There is a growing concern in the operating of solar power as a stand-alone and its connection to the grid. This is because; its power quality and sustainability are being affected by intermittency and variability. As the time of the day and the solar intensity changes, the quality of power generation is affected. This has made the use of energy storage inevitable for a quality power generation. This paper considers some existing technologies of energy storage that is applicable in mitigating the challenge facing the deployment of solar power systems. The variability and effectiveness of these storage techniques were considered in terms of technology, efficiency, environmental impact, and response. In conclusion, it was resolved that a self-sufficient solar power system requires appropriate storage techniques to complement its operation. Therefore, understanding the different options of storage is required for a careful selection of the technology which can support the required level of efficiency and effectiveness in electrical energy generation. Keywords: Solar Power, Storage Technologies, Solar Energy, Limitations DOI: 10.7176/JETP/9-3-03 Publication date:March 31st 201

Utilization of Digital Information Resources by Undergraduates at Lead City University, Ibadan Nigeria

The innate need for growth and the growing popularity of digital information resources have prompted many academic libraries, including Lead City University to invest on the provision of digital information resources. However, studies have shown that provision of digital information resources does not automatically guarantee utilization. This study therefore investigates the utilization of digital information resources among undergraduate students at Lead City University, Ibadan Nigeria. The study adopted a quantitative research method with a questionnaire used as research instrument. The study sample consists of 342 undergraduate students and the data collected was analysed with aid of the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). The findings show that there is a low level of digital resources utilization among the undergraduates. It was also found that challenges such as lack information retrieval skills, slow internet and inadequate computer system are among the challenges affecting the utilization of digital information resources by the undergraduate students

Field study on adaptive thermal comfort in typical air conditioned classrooms

This study investigates adaptive thermal comfort in air conditioned classrooms in Hong Kong. A field survey was conducted in several typical classrooms at the City University of Hong Kong. This survey covered objective measurement of thermal environment parameters and subjective human thermal responses. A total of 982 student volunteers participated in the investigation. The results indicate that students in light clothing (0.42 clo) have adapted to the cooler classroom environments. The neutral temperature is very close to the preferred temperature of approximately 24 °C. Based on the MTSV ranging between −0.5 and + 0.5, the comfort range is between 21.56 °C and 26.75 °C. The lower limit is below that of the ASHRAE standard. Of the predicted mean vote (PMV) and the University of California, Berkeley (UCB) model, the UCB model predictions agree better with the mean thermal sensation vote (MTSV). Also, the respective fit regression models of the MTSV versus each of the following: operative temperature (Top), PMV, and UCB were obtained. This study provides a better understanding of acceptable classroom temperatures

Serosurvey of antibody to highly pathogenic avian influenza (H5N1) in pigs, north central Nigeria

Avian influenza is a disease of economic and public health importance that has been described in most domestic animals and humans. Highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 epidemic in Nigeria was observed in agro-ecological zones where pigs and chickens are raised in shared environment with chances of interspecies transmission. We investigate the likelihood of transmission of the disease to pigs in North Central Nigeria where there were several cases of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 in both commercial and free range poultry. Two hundred and twenty swine sera collected in Kaduna and Plateau states were screened for influenza A/H5N1 antibody by haemagglutination inhibition test according to standard protocol. All the sera tested were negative for influenza A/H5 antibody (HA titre < 22). Our inability to detect appreciable antibody level to avian influenza A/H5N1 therefore may be due to lack of infection because of low susceptibility of pigs to Influenza A/H5N1. We recommend wider serological and virological studies to identify other circulating influenza virus in pigs in different agro-ecological zones to provide useful epidemiological data on evolving influenza virus.&#160

Maternal and fetal out comes of jaundice in pregnancyat the University College Hospital, Ibadan

Objective: This study is aimed at determining pregnancy outcome of cases of jaundice in pregnancy over a 10 year period at the University College Hospital, Ibadan. Methodology: All case records of patients with jaundice in pregnancy over a 10-year period from 1 January 1992 through 31 December 2001were retrieved fromthemedical records office of the hospital and analysed. Results: During the ten-year study period, therewere 16,566 registered pregnancies in the hospital, and 52 cases of jaundice in pregnancywere seen, giving an overall incidence of 0.3%or 1 in 318 deliveries.However, 48 case records were retrievable. Viral hepatitis was the commonest cause accounting for 58.3% of cases. It was followed by malaria and sickle-cell anaemia with 20.8% and 16.7% respectively. Other causes include sepsis 14.6%, cholestasis 6.3%, and Pre-eclampsia 2.1%. Pretermdelivery occurred in 39.6%, while intrauterine fetal death (IUFD) occurred in 8.3% of cases, all occurring in the third trimester. Acase of early neonatal death was recorded. There was no maternal death and the mean hospital stay was 18 days (range 4-45 days) during admission. Conclusion: Viral hepatitis, malaria and sickle-cell anaemia are the leading causes of jaundice in pregnancy. These should be promptly diagnosed, investigated and appropriate management instituted as most of the perinatal deaths can be avoided by close fetal monitoring especially in the third trimester and with recourse to early delivery before fetal demise occurs.Keywords: Jaundice in pregnancy, viral hepatitis,pre-term labour, HELLP syndrome, pregnancy outcome

Assessing Sexual Function of Women after 12 Months of IUD Usage

The Intrauterine Device (IUD) is a well-accepted method of contraception. Most women are currently using it because of its effectiveness, longevity, and affordability. Moreover, users need no strict routine instructions for IUD. However, many women in the absence of any pre-existing conditions that may impair sexual functions discontinue the method due to poor sexual satisfaction. This paper aims to assess and measure the effects of IUDs on sexual function in women with no underlying condition over a period of 12 months. This study employed a longitudinal approach. To be eligible to participate, the study enrolled 260 women who have chosen to use IUDs willingly on their own at these selected centers during this period and are aged 20 years and above. It collected data at baseline and at 12 months of use. Measurements at these two timelines were done using the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI). The prevalence of female sexual dysfunction among participants after 12 months was 47.7% (124). In the analysis of Mean scores, FSFI at baseline and at 12 months was 31.31 and 24.76 respectively (p<0.05). Significantly reduced scores (p=0.001), for all the six domains (desire, arousal, lubrication, orgasm, satisfaction, and pain) of sexual function were noted. Desire and pain were the most affected areas of sexual function with very low scores. Without any underlying and related triggers of sexual health, the study discovered that IUDs have the potentials to cause female sexual dysfunction in almost half of its users

Short CommunicationAttitude of Infertile Women to Child Adoption in Nigeria

Infertility has serious consequences especially in Africa where a high premium is place on child bearing. An interviewer-administered questionnaire was administered on 396 consenting women seeking infertility treatment at the gynaecological clinic of the University College Hospital, Ibadan in an attempt to assess the attitude of infertile women in Nigeria to child adoption and its acceptability as a management option for infertility. Most (64%) believed its culturally unacceptable and only 17% will try it as an option. Sustained advocacy, community mobilization and enactment of supportive laws were some of the suggestions made by respondents to improve its uptake.Keywords; Infertility, Adoption, Assisted ConceptionNig. J. Physiol. Sci. 25(2010) 47 – 4