Self-regulated learning strategies used by nursing university students engaged in distance learning during the COVID-19 pandemic

journal articl

シエンシャ ニ トッテ ノ リカバリー : ブンケン レビュー カラ

　今回，日本における支援者自身のリカバリーや支援者がとらえているリカバリー概念を明らかにすることを目的に，支援者のリカバリーについて文献レビューし，日本の現状で支援者がリカバリー概念を活用する上での課題について検討を行った．方法は，2014 年12 月22 日に医学中央雑誌及びCiNii で「支援者　リカバリー」「専門家　リカバリー」をキーワードに文献検索を行った．最終的に42 文献が抽出され，年代は2010 年が20 文献と最も多かった．また，内容は，「リカバリーに関連する理論・手技」が14 文献と最も多く，支援者自身のリカバリーに関する文献は3 文献であった．しかし，一つは退院促進に支援員としてかかわる精神障害当事者のリカバリー体験を調査した原著論文であり，残り2 文献は会議録であった．　これらの結果から，日本の支援者は障害当事者のリカバリー促進やプロセスに関心が高いが，自分自身のリカバリーについては関心が低いことが考えられた．従って，障害や病を経験していない支援者が，支援の中で「当事者をリカバリーさせる」という視点に陥りやすい課題が存在すると思われた．With the objective of clarifying the recovery of supporters themselves and the concept of recovery as perceived by the supporters in Japan, a review was made of literature dealing with the recovery of supporters and issues regarding how supporters can put into practical use the recovery concept in the present Japanese climate. The method used involved making keyword searches such as ＂supporters recovery,＂ ＂professionals recovery” in the Igaku Chuo Zasshi and CiNii on Dec. 22, 2014. Ultimately, 33 documents were extracted, and of them, hits from the year 2010 were the greatest, with 33 documents. In addition, the most prolific content was ＂theory and method related to recovery＂, with 14 documents, and 3 documents dealt with the recovery of the supporters themselves. However, one of such documents was the original article relating the recovery experience of a mentally disabled person with the supporter aiding in his/her discharge. The remaining 2 documents were conference minutes. From the above results, it was revealed that there is heightened interest in the recovery promotion and process on the part of supporters with regard to the disabled persons themselves, but there is low interest in the recovery of the supporters themselves. Therefore, it was thought that the task is to correct the viewpoint that the supporters who have not experienced disability or illness tend to fall into, namely to ＂aid in the recovery of the patient” in the process of providing support

Effects of long-term moderate exercise and increase in number of daily steps on serum lipids in women: randomised controlled trial [ISRCTN21921919]

BACKGROUND: This study was designed to evaluate the effects of a 24-month period of moderate exercise on serum lipids in menopausal women. METHODS: The subjects (40–60 y) were randomly divided into an exercise group (n = 14) and a control group (n = 13). The women in the exercise group were asked to participate in a 90-minute physical education class once a week and to record their daily steps as measured by a pedometer for 24 months. RESULTS: Mean of daily steps was significantly higher in the exercise group from about 6,800 to over 8,500 steps (P < 0.01). In the control group, the number of daily steps ranged from 5,700 to 6,800 steps throughout the follow-up period. A significant interaction between the exercise group and the control group in the changes og total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC) and TC : HDLC ratio could be observed (P < 0.05). By multiple regression analysis, the number of daily steps was related to HDLC and TC : HDLC levels after 24 months, and the changes in TC and HDLC concentrations. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that daily exercise as well as increasing the number of daily steps can improve the profile of serum lipids

シュウロウ ケイゾク シエン ニ カンスル トウジシャ エノ グループ インタビュー : ショウガイ ノ カイジ ヒカイジ ノ

　昨年、我々は就労の経験がある精神障害当事者6名に対し、就労継続支援を検討するためにグループインタビュー法による調査を行い、報告した。その際、障害を開示した場合の就労支援の経験について検討する必要性が示された。そこで、今回、障害を開示して就労した経験がある7名の障害当事者に対し、職業経験に関するグループインタビューを行い、昨年の結果と比較検討を行った。　その結果、障害開示によるデメリットとして、働くチャンス、職務内容・環境への不満が多くあげられた。これらは、制度・支援への不満と要望の雇用形態、雇用支援制度、職場の条件と関係していることが示され、更には、当事者と支援者との間で支援に関する認識のズレがある可能性が考えられた。特に、職場内での環境・業務内容への配慮にデメリットを感じる障害当事者がおり、障害当事者自身の希望や興味・関心に応じた業務内容や雇用形態、支援になっていないことが予測された。　Last year, for the purpose of reviewing the modalities of support for continuous employment, we conducted hearing investigation through group interview with such six mentally-troubled persons who had work experiences, and we issued a report on the outcomes.　As a response to the above report, we got such useful feedback from others that further investigations would be necessary for us to examine the work experience of those mentally-troubled persons who disclosed their disability.　Accordingly, this year, we conducted group interview with such seven mentally-troubled persons who had work experiences, and made a comparative review of theoutcomes of our investigation of last year and that of this year.　From an analysis of the results, it is clear that these persons faced various forms of differential treatment in the chance to work, job content, work environment and others, due to disclosing their disability.　It is also clear that this differential treatment is associated with their disappointment with the system and support for their employment, and the difference between their request and the reality in employment status, employment support system and working conditions. Further, there may be a perception gap between these persons and their supporters in the shape of assistance.　Especially, some disability persons consider it disadvantageous to be given a special treatment in the working conditions and job content in the workplace. We are afraid that the reality of job content, employment status / support provided to disability persons does not meet their request which reflects their own desire and interest

シュウロウ ニ カンスル シテン ノ チガイ : ショウガイ トウジシャ ト シエンシャ ノ グループ インタビュー ノ ヒカク カラ

　過去5 年間，我々は継続的にグループインタビューを実施し，障害当事者と支援者の間で支援に関する「認識のズレ」がある可能性を示してきた．しかし，両者を同時期に実施することができず，社会的要因の違いを排除することができなかった．今回，障害当事者7 名と支援者8 名から協力を得て，グループインタビューを実施し，両者の比較を行った．その結果，共通点として，両者とも「支援」においてプログラムを，「職場環境」では人間関係を重視していた．一方，異なる点としては，①就労への準備，②就労及び就労後の視点，③就労を妨げる要因の3 点が示された．また，その背景として，両者の就労に対する価値観の違いがあり，支援者は障害当事者の就労は準備から定着まで「支援」が必要であると考え，一方，障害当事者は就労に「仕事のやりがい」を含めていると思われた．　支援者と障害当事者の両者が異なる立場である以上，「認識のズレ」が生じることは当然のことである．よりよい就労支援を目指すうえで，両者の間に「認識のズレ」が存在することをふまえたうえで，協働できる関係をつくることが必要であると考えられた．　We have conducted group interviews on an ongoing basis over the past five years which have indicated a possible "perception gap" related to support between persons with disabilities and their supporters. However, we have been unable to interview both persons with disabilities and their supporters at the same time and it has been impossible to eliminate the differences in social factors. In this study, we held a group interview with seven persons with disabilities and eight supporters and compared the two groups. The results indicated that, as a common point, both parties placed importance on the program and human relations in the "work environment" and in "support". However, differences between the two parties arose with respect to (1) preparation for employment, (2) perspectives on employment and postemployment, and (3) factors that interfere with employment. In addition, both parties have differing backgrounds in terms of their sense of value towards employment. Supporters believe they must support persons with disabilities in finding a job beginning with preparation for employment and continuing until they have established themselves in the job. On the other hand, persons with disabilities are thought to include "the challenge of work" in finding employment. As supporters and persons with disabilities are in different positions, it\u27s only natural for a "perception gap" to occur. It is thought thatboth parties need to build a cooperative relationship taking into account the existence of these "perception gaps" in order to facilitate better job assistance

シュウロウ ケイゾク シエン ニ カンスル トウジシャ エノ グループ インタビュー : シエンシャ ト ショウガイ トウジシャ ノ アイダ デ ショウジル ニンシキ ノ ズレ ノ ケントウ

　就労支援に関するグループインタビュー調査で，障害当事者と支援者の間で暗黙に生じている支援への認識の違い－認識のズレ－の存在が示唆されている．今回，この「認識のズレ」を検討するために，就労支援に携わっている支援者7名にグループインタビューを実施し，検討した．　その結果，過去の調査結果と比較し，支援者と障害当事者の間で3 点の違いが示された．1）支援者は障害者自立支援法等の制度に対し就労支援に肯定的なものが多いと感じていたが，障害当事者からはあがっていなかった．2）支援で目指すものや課題ついて，支援者は支援者側と障害当事者側に分けて考えることが多かった．この背景に支援者自身が所属する施設の枠組みや支援に加え，就労へのイメージが影響していると考えられた．3）過去の結果同様，支援者から機関の連携の大切さや障害当事者側の課題としての就労への意識に関することがあげられているが，障害当事者からはなかった．　以上より，障害当事者と支援者の「認識のズレ」は制度，就労へのイメージ，連携，就労への意識において生じていることが考えられ，これらを踏まえた支援の必要性があると思われた．　In a group interview survey regarding employment support, the existence of an“awareness gap”, namely implied differences in awareness of support between the disabled persons concerned and the supporters, has been indicated. We have herein conducted and reviewed the group interview with 7 supporters who are involved in employment support. As a result, in comparison to past survey results, 3 differences have been indicated between the supporters and the disabled persons concerned. 1） The supporters felt that there are many positive aspects inemployment support in the Act on Support for Self-reliant Persons with Disabilities; however, the disabled persons concerned did not feel this way. 2） With regard to goals and tasks involving support, supporters often tend to make separations between the supporters and disabled persons concerned. In addition to the framework and support system of the institution to which the supporter belongs, work image also influences the thinking behind this. 3） Similar to past results, the importance of cooperation between institutions and awareness toward work as an issue for disabled persons concerned were raised; but the disabled persons concerned did not present this view. From the aforementioned, the “awareness gap” between the disabled persons concerned and the supporters was present in the areas of system, work image, cooperation and work awareness. Providing support with these points in mind is necessary